상록수공무원수기 : 「 독일병정 」 이란 애칭의 면장

예은일 대한지방행정공제회 1970 地方行政 Vol.19 No.200

고난 받는 이웃들의 증언 - 세월호 이야기

예은엄마,다혜엄마 신앙인아카데미 2016 맘울림 : 깊고 넓고 맑은 삶을 위하여 Vol.39 No.-

발생 중인 포유류 망막으로 골수기질세포의 이식

이은실,권오주,예은아,전창진 한국안광학회 2013 한국안광학회지 Vol.18 No.4

목적: 골수기질세포는 생체 내·외에서 신경세포와 신경교세포로 교차분화 할 수 있는 능력을 가지고 있는 것으로밝혀져 있다. 발생 중인 숙주 환경에 따라 이식된 골수기질세포의 생존여부, 형태학적 그리고 분자적 분화영향을 조사하기 위해 브라질산 주머니쥐 안구에 마우스 골수기질세포를 이식하였다. 방법: GFP를 발현하는 골수기질세포를발생 중인 브라질산 주머니쥐의 각 시기별로 이식하여, 이식 후 최대 4주까지 생존시킨 후 각 시기별로 면역조직화학법을 시행하였다. 결과: 이식한 골수기질세포의 일부는 숙주동물의 유리체 내에서 생존하며 일부 돌기를 내는 신경세포로 형태학적 분화가 됨을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 유리체에 존재하는 일부 세포는 신경세포 표지인자인 TuJ1(class III β-tubulin), 신경교세포 표지인자인 GFAP(glial fibrillary acidic protein), 또는 신경줄기세포 표지인자인 Nestin 단백질을 발현하였다. 게다가, 일부 골수기질세포는 신경절세포층으로 이동함을 관찰했으나, 이동한 세포들은 형태학적 또는 분자적 분화를 나타내지는 않았다. 결론: 이번 연구에서 가장 효율적인 이식시기는 생후 16일째의 포유류 망막으로, 이는 망막세포의 분화양상과 층분화 패턴으로 미뤄볼 때 생후 4~5일 정도의 마우스 망막과 발생학적으로 상동함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 이식 받은 숙주 망막의 미세환경이 이식된 세포운명에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Purpose: Marrow stromal cells (MSCs) have been known for their potential to trans-differentiate into neural and glial cells in vitro and in vivo. To investigate the influence of the developing host environment on the survival and morphological and molecular differentiation, murine MSCs transplanted into the eye of Brazilian opossum (Monodelphis domestica). Methods: Enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) - expressing MSCs were transplanted into developing Brazilian opossums. Animals were allowed to survive for up to 4 weeks after transplantation, at which time the eyes were prepared for immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Some transplanted MSCs survived and showed morphological differentiation into neural cells with some processes within the host vitreous chamber. Some transplanted cells expressed class III β-tubulin (TuJ1, a marker for neuronal cells) or glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP, a marker for glial cells) or Nestin (a marker for neural stem cells). In addition,some transplanted cells were located in ganglion cell layer but did not show morphological and molecular differentiation. Conclusions: Our result show that the most effective stage of development for transplantation into the retina was postnatal day 16, which retinas developmentally corresponded to postnatal day 4-5 days mouse retina based on cell differentiation and lamination patterns. The present findings suggest that the age of the host appears to play a key role in determining cell fate in vivo.

Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase-Immunoreactive Neurons In the Hamster Visual Cortex: Lack of Co-localization with Parvalbumin

진미주,이지은,예은아,전창진,Jin Mi-Joo,Lee Jee-Eun,Ye Eun-Ah,Jeon Chang-Jin Korean Society of Life Science 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

산화질소(NO)와 칼슘 결합 단백질은 중추신경계의 다양한 세포들에서 나타나며, 이들은 각각 중요 신호전달 분자와 칼슘 완충 분자이다. 본 연구는 햄스터의 시각피질에서 뇌산화질소 합성효소 (nNOS)와 parvalbumin을 포함하는 뉴런들의 분포와 이들의 co-localization 양상을 면역세포화학적 기법을 이용하여 알아보았다. 햄스터 시각피질에서 parvalbumin에 대한 면역 반응성을 나타내는 뉴런들의 전체 수는 nNOS에 대한 면역 반응성을 보이는 뉴런들의 수보다 17배나 많았다. 가장 큰 차이는 시각피질 제5충에서 발견되었으며, 이곳에서 parvalbumin-면역 반응성 뉴런이 nNOS-면역 반응성 뉴런들의 수보다 54.7배나 높았다. nNOS-또는 parvalbumin-면역 반응성 뉴런들은 크기와 형태, 분포 방식이 시각피질에서 유사하게 나타났다. 그러나 이색 면역형광 기법은 햄스터 시각피질에서 nNOS와 parvalbumin을 모두 발현하는 뉴런은 없음을 보여주었다. 본 연구의 결과는 nNOS와 칼슘 결합 단백질 사이의 co-localization양상이 종간에 차이가 존재함을 나타내며 또한 시각피질에 있는 nNOS-면역 반응성 뉴런들의 다양성과 이질성뿐만 아니라 동물 다양성 이해의 중요성을 함께 제시한다고 볼 수 있다. Nitric oxide (NO) and calcium-binding proteins occur in various types of cells in the central nervous system. They are important signaling and calcium buffering molecules, respectively. In the present study, using immunocytochemistry we examined the distribution and the co-localization pattern of neurons containing neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and parvalbumin in the visual cortex of hamster. The overall number of parvalbumin-immunoreactive (IR) neurons was 17 times higher than that of the nNOS-IR neurons in the hamster visual cortex. The highest differences were found in layer V, where parvalbumin-IR neurons were 54.7 times more abundant than nNOS-IR neurons. Many nNOS- and parvalbumin-IR neurons were similar in size, shape, and manner of distribution in the visual cortex. However, two-color immunofluorescence revealed that no neurons in the hamster visual cortex expressed both nNOS and parvalbumin. The present results indicate that there are subtle species differences in the co-localization pattern between nNOS and calcium-binding proteins. The present results also suggest not only the heterogeneity and functional diversity of nNOS-IRneurons in the visual cortex, but also the importance of understanding animal diversity

한국관박쥐 망막 원뿔세포의 조직화학적 분석

전영기,주영락,예은아,김문숙,전창진 한국안광학회 2013 한국안광학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Purpose: This study was done to understand the visual system of bat by analyzing the distribution of middle/long(ML) opsin cone photoreceptors in the retina of the greater horseshoe bat. Methods: Experiments have beenperformed by standard immunocytochemical techniques on retina of the greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophusferrumequinum. Results: The estimated numbers of ML cones were 27,336±2,130 cells and the mean density of themwas 7,854±268 cells/mm2 among the four retinas. S opsin was appeared a little immunoreactivity in the outersegments of outer nuclear layer of cones. Conclusions: From the well organized spatial distributions of ML opsinand the immunoreactivity of S opsin in the retinas, the greater horseshoe bats have the functions not only reactingin the photopic vision but being able to distinguish the colors. 목적: 한국관박쥐의 망막에서 원뿔세포의 middle/long(ML) opsin cone photoreceptors의 분포를 분석하여 박쥐의시각계를 이해하고자 하였다. 방법: 표준면역세포화학법을 이용하여 성체 한국관박쥐의 망막을 대상으로 조사하였다. 결과: 4 개체의 망막 전체에서 추정된 ML opsin은 27,336±2,130개였으며, 평균밀도는 7,854±268 cells/mm2이었다. S opsin은 외핵층에 위치한 세포외절에서 일부 면역반응성을 보였다. 결론: ML opsin의 조직화된 분포와 S opsin의발현 결과는 한국관박쥐가 밝은 빛에도 반응하며 색을 구별할 수 있는 기능을 가지고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다.

개 정자의 보존방법에 따른 첨체 및 생존성의 변화 1 : 저온보존에 따른 효과

정정란,유재규,양성렬,여현진,박종식,예은하,노규진,최상용 韓國受精卵移植學會 2001 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Artificial insemination (AI) with frozen or cooled semen is widely used in commercial fields of cattle and pig. Little is known about characteristics of canine sperm after freezing or cooling. For both practical and commercial goal, the canine semen treated with cooling and freezing should be carried out to exam the fundamentals, including sperm motility, survivability and fertilizing capacity. The aim of this study, thus, was to identify the effects of extended exposure to 4 on canine semen by motility, survivability, acrosomal changes following different duration. Fifteen ejaculates collected by digital manipulation twice per week from 3 dogs (Shih-Tzu) were divided to 16 aliquots after adding Tris-egg yolk (TE) buffer formulated by our laboratory, and cooled from 37 to 4, by ramp rate of 0.6/min. Each sample was evaluated by their motility, survivability and the acrosomal status at 0h (control), 2h, 12h and 1 d~10 d, respectively. The motility of spermatozoa was graded to 6 levels using the modified method of Seager. The survivability of sperm was assessed using an epifluorescence microscope after Fert/Light (Mole-cular Probes Inc.) staining. To estimate the proportion of the spermatozoa of intact acrosome, 200 spermatozoa were assessed in randomly selected fields, using epifluorescence microscope after FITC/PSA (Sigma) staining. At 2 h after cooling, the motility of most spermatozoa were assessed to be grade 0 and 1. At 12 h, high number of sperm were in grade 0 to 1, however, it was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of 2 h. From 1 d to 4 d, ~50% of sperm was assessed to grade 0 to 1. On day 7, a little sperm were in grade 0 to 1. No sperm showed motility on day 10. Sperm motility was rapidly reduced by the percent of 10% of grade 0 to 1. From 2 h to 6 h, the number of live sperm was 90% and the sperm chilled for 10 days lived>50%. Acrosomal intact of spermatozoa exposed to 4 for 2 h was 51%, supposed the sperm of control was 100%. Our results suggest that 1) this is easy to transfer and preservation for short periods 2) AI can be used by semen chilled for 6-Day.

공영주택의 공적(公的)공간 정착과정 연구

유재우(Yoo Jae-Woo),천진희(Chun Jin-Hee),예은실(Ye Eun-Sil) 대한건축학회 2009 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.25 No.5

This paper had been studied on the formation process of the modern cities' house type as the house plane of K.N.H.C since the restoration of independence. The K.N.H.C provided detached houses from 1950s to 1970s and proposed an apartment plane figure from 1960s to now. Therefore in 1960s, a detached house and an apartment was proposed at the same time. So we studied a mutual relation and specific character centering around this period. We wanted to pursue the process that an apartment has been adjusted, it was sustained to a principle of the detached houses plan, being based on a change of the detached house type in a formative period of a modern house since the restoration of independence.

아스파라거스를 이용한 전통장류의 항산화 효과

김예은 ( Yeeun Kim ),지근호 ( Keunho Ji ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.49 No.1

본 연구에서는 아스파라거스가 함유된 전통장류의 항산화 활성을 확인하였다. 아스파라거스의 항산화능은 농도와 무관하게 나타났으며 70 mg/ml에서 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 아스파라거스가 함유된 메주의 경우 유기용매 분획별로 항산화 활성을 측정하였으며, 분획 중 물층과 에틸아세테이트 층에서 높은 항산화 활성이 확인되었다. 총 폴리페놀 함량 측정 결과 물층의 경우 tannic acid 1.437 mg/g, 에틸아세테이트 층의 경우 tannic acid 0.77 mg/g과 유사한 활성을 보였다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 ABTS 라디칼 소거능으로 측정한 항산화 활성은 물층의 경우 각각 27.6%, 9.04%의 활성을 보였으며, 에틸아세테이트 층의 경우 각각 10.7%, 52.4%의 활성을 보였다. 아스파라거스 함유 전통장류의 항산화 활성은 95% 에탄올 추출물을 이용하여 측정하였다. 가장 높은 활성을 보인 장류는 간장이며, 간장은 가장 넓은 범위의 농도에서도 좋은 활성을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 아스파라거스가 함유된 전통 장류의 항산화능이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 추후 진행될 연구를 통해 전통장류의 우수성이 증대되고, 새로운 장류의 개발에 기여하여 전통장류의 세계화 및 가치를 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Asparagus have anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Since the high functionality of Korean traditional sauces was discovered, various studies have been conducted using asparagus. In this study, the antioxidant activity of traditional sauces containing asparagus was confirmed. The antioxidant capacity of asparagus was independent of the concentration and showed the highest activity at 70 mg/ml. For instance, concerning Meju containing asparagus, high antioxidant activity was observed in water and ethyl acetate extracts; the total polyphenol content was equivalent to 1.4 mg/g and 0.7 mg/g of tannic acid in the water and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were 27.6% and 9.04%, respectively, in the water layer, and 10.7% and 52.4%, respectively, in the ethyl acetate layer. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of asparagus-containing traditional sauces was measured using 95% ethanol extracts; soy sauce showed the highest activity, retained in a wide range of concentrations.

Artificial skin models for animal-free testing

윤예은,정연재,최여진,최지숙,조용우 한국약제학회 2018 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.48 No.2

Since 2013, as ethics for animal experiments has been strengthened in the European Union, artificial skin models have attracted attention as an alternative to animal testing for assessing the safety and toxicity of products. Driven by regulatory authorities and industry demands, various artificial skin models have been developed by combining various biomaterials and human cells as well as using a variety of techniques, including freeze-drying, 3-D printing, electrospinning, and microfluidic system. Elaborately designed artificial skin models which closely mimic the human skin can be highly valuable and effective tools to replace in vivo animal tests for the evaluation of the safety and efficacy in the field of cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as well as for the basic studies on cell to cell interactions, cell to extracellular matrix interactions, tissue formation and development. This review recapitulates diverse fabrication techniques for artificial skin models and their main applications.

공연의 몫으로서 성장한 것들 <추남, 미녀>

이예은 한국연극평론가협회 2023 연극평론 Vol.109 No.-