카츠라리큐(桂離宮, 계리궁)의 형성배경 및 공간특성

염성진 ( Sung Jin Yeom ),안승홍 ( Seung Hong An ),윤성융 ( Sung Yung Yoon ),윤상준 ( Sang Jun Yoon ),손용훈 ( Yong Hoon Son ),이원호 ( Won Ho Lee ) 한국전통조경학회 2015 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.33 No.4

한국과 일본의 정원문화는 공통적으로 중국의 원림문화의 영향을 받아 발전해 왔다. 그럼에도 불구하고 각각 서로 다른 정원문화의 발전을 통해 정착되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 일본의 대표적 정원조성양식인 회유식정원의 원류인 일본의 황실정원인 카츠라리큐(桂離宮, 계리궁)의 정원에 대한 이론적 고찰을 통한 형성배경 및 조성주체를 파악하고 현장조사 및 관리자 인터뷰를 실시하여 공간구성요소의 특징을 살펴봄으로서. 일본의 정원문화에 있어서 중요한 사례인 카츠라리큐에 대한 기초적 지견을 얻고자 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 카츠라리큐는 겐지이야기(源氏物語, 원씨물어)에 기반을 둔 왕조문학을 통해 와카(和歌, 화가)에 통달한 토시히토친왕(智仁親王, 지인친왕)과 아들인 토시타다친왕(智忠親王, 지충친왕)에 의해 2대에 걸쳐 약 30년에 달하는 기간을 들여 완성한 최초의 치센슈유(池泉舟遊, 지천주유)카이유시키(回遊式, 회유식)정원으로 정원의 공간구성은 크게 육상과 섬, 수공간으로 구분되며 총36개의 공간구성요소로 구성되어 있다. 둘째, 카츠라리큐는 쇼킨테이(松琴亭, 송금정), 쇼카테이(賞花亭, 상화정), 쇼이켄(笑意軒, 소의헌) 등의 다정(茶亭)을 두어 원지(園池)를 중심으로 주유(舟遊)를 주목적으로 조성되었으며 이는 당시의 놀이문화를 정원에 도입한 것이다. 셋째, 원지의 서쪽에 위치한 건축물인 코쇼인(古書院, 고서원)의 북쪽에 성토를 하고 돌담을 쌓아 주변보다 높은 지형을 형성하고 그 위에 차정인 겟파로(月波樓, 월파루)를 만들어 카츠라리큐만의 경관특성인 동산에 떠오르는 달을 조금이라도 오랫동안 즐기려 하였다. The garden culture of Korea and Japan have been commonly influenced by Wonrim culture of China. Nevertheless, each culture has been settled down through the development of the two separate garden cultures, The purpose of this study is to grasp the formation background and main agent of development through theoretical consideration of gardens in Japanese Imperial Garden Katsura Imperial Villa, which is the origin of the representative garden making style.Circuit Style Garden, to look into the characteristic of spatial organization elements by conducting on-site survey and interview with a garden manager, and to obtain elementary views on Katsura Imperial Villa which is an important case of Japanese garden culture. As a result; first, Katsura Imperial Villa is the first jicheol juyu(round tour of ponds and springs) circuit style garden created by Toshihito Emperor and his son Toshitada Emperor, who were well-versed in Waka through the dynasty literature based on the story of Genji throughout about two generations lasting about 30 years; space composition of this garden is divided into land, island and water space, being composed of a total of 36 space components. Second, Katsura Imperial Villa was created with the primary goal of making a round tour around the garden land by arranging tea pavilions, such as Shokintei, Shokatei and Shoiken, etc., which introduced the then game culture into the garden. Third, the personnel in Katsura Imperial Villa intended to enjoy the scenic characteristics of the area where Katsura Imperial Villa was located from the interior of the garden by making Gepparo which was a tea pavilion for enjoying the rising moon on the hill even a litter faster and longer by piling up earth and setting up stone walls north of Koshoin which was a structure located west of the garden land.

공원조성 가이드라인의 CPTED 적용에 관한 사례연구-수원시 공원조성 가이드라인을 사례로-

염성진 ( Sung-jin Yeom ),홍윤순 ( Youn-soon Hong ) 한국환경과학회 2017 한국환경과학회지 Vol.26 No.1

In the recent trend where crime types are being diversified along with urban expansion, we are facing the reality of a `taking-it-out-on-somebody` crime, which targets the public rather than a specific person with criminal intent, like a `random target crime.` A park, which is a public space for urban dwellers` and residents` leisure and rest in the midst of social changes, can be called the spot where various crimes occur. This is because it is a space without boundaries, available for the influx of many and unspecified persons, thus making it difficult to specify users. For the purpose of keeping a park safe from crime and providing users with psychological stability, this study carried out its research to get basic knowledge of the introduction of CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) concept in park development. The park development guideline contents are analyzed based on the six principles of CPTED theory as per the space composition element of a park. As a result, this study found out a problem was that most guidelines applied to the space composition element of a park were fragmentary in applying the six principles of CPTED theory, and were focused on arrangement and installation of facilities.

주거단지 조성에 있어서의 공공녹지계획의 특징에 관한 기초연구 -일본 타마 뉴타운의 공공녹지체계를 사례로-

염성진 ( Sung-jin Yeom ) 한국환경과학회 2018 한국환경과학회지 Vol.27 No.8

In order to address housing issues, alleviate the concentration of urban populations, and resolve other issues regarding residential spaces, large residential complexes have been developed in Korea since the 1970s. The changes to the residential culture due to such development projects propagated rapidly, making the apartment complexes the most representative form of housing in Korea. In developing such large-scale complexes, plans for public open spaces, which play an important role in formulating the quality of residential environment, have been mostly the same, only utilizing the spaces remaining after planning other types of spaces. The current study looks at the case of Tama New Town development project, a Japanese new town development project that has a similar public open space system in large scale residential complex development projects in Korea. In doing so, the current study aims to identify the features of public open space plans. In the conclusion, the study first finds that various public open spaces must be reviewed and introduced in term of predicting social demands. Second, the study suggests the policy-makers should actively introduce pedestrian paths as a public open space. Third, the study deduces the planning implications of applying the principle of original landscape preservation.

서울로7017의 경관시뮬레이션을 통한 식재유형별 경관인식 변화

염성진 ( Sung-jin Yeom ),이주영 ( Juyoung Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2019 한국환경과학회지 Vol.28 No.11

Seoullo7017, an elevated linear park, was created to redevelop obsolete road infrastructure as public space, which provides unique landscapes. This study was aimed to evaluate and suggest proper planting design for improving psychological benefits in Seoullo7017. Field survey and simulation experiment were carried out to investigate the user’s perception on the landscapes. Many users had negative feelings of the present landscapes in Seoullo7017, due to concrete pavement and simple planting design using big concrete pots. Landscape simulation experiment showed this perception could change depending on planting design. In especial, herb species played an important role in improving the quality of landscape in a linear park and providing positive feelings such as refreshment, warmth and naturalness. This study suggested that planting design in a linear space needs to be focused rather on the planting style and species than the volume of greens.

연구논문 : 국립공원의 훼손지 유형과 개선방안에 대한 기초적 연구

염성진 ( Sung Jin Yeom ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.11

This study is conducted to determine the damage, distinguish the types and identify the restoration by that type for 13 Korea national parks out of 21. There are 21 Korea national parks are in Korea covering 6.67% of the country or 6,656 km2 (3,902 km2 on land and 2,754 km2 in the sea) currently since the area around Jirisan (440 km2) was designated as the first Korea national parks in 1967. With the cancellation of entrance admission on Korea national parks since 2007, annual visitors to the Korea national parks have grown from 37 millions in 2008 to 46 millions by 2013 and continue to grow due to numerous leisure activities, alpine activities and social changes. As such, Korea national parks are natural resource with high value to be conserved and are attracting significant attention as recreational spaces for people at the same time. On the other hand, there have been issues of soil erosions or disturbed vegetation due to increased number of visitor to the national parks. Korea national parks area damage to its type and damage characteristics to analyse the 13 Korea national parks out of 21 on July 2012 March, Korea national parks over the subjects of the National Park from damaged area status Survey analysis by the Korea National Park Service. As a result, 203 million units in the 16 Korea national parks damaged land of the reform package during ecological trail (including non-regular hiking trails) 153 (77.66%), damaged valleys 20(9.14%) independent damaged area, 13 disconnected ecological axis(7.61%), closed trail(2.03%) (3.55%), and line type damage(like a non-regular hiking trails) appears to be a high ratio. Korea national parks damaged land of the results identified, by contrast ratio and the annual number of visitors Bukhansan national park(49.26%), Gyeongju national park(23.65%) damaged land rates, such as Seorasan national park(4.93%), Songnisan national park (4.43 %), Gyeryongsan national park(3.45%), and the annual number of visitors be similar result. The National Park Service has been reporting on damages and restorations but damages and their types have not been established yet. Damages have been generally studied and categorized on hiking trails due caused by heavy traffic on them but the reports were limited on hiking trails only. Since damage to the Korea national parks are not limited on the hiking trails, it is necessary to determine damages in various aspects. Thus, in this study, damage types, spatial characteristics, causes and restorations are analyzed based on the survey results of damages to national parks in order to provide a basis for the efficient management and operation of the Korea national parks.

보행자전용도로의 이용목적에 따른 만족요인 연구

염성진 ( Sung Jin Yeom ) 한국환경과학회 2011 한국환경과학회지 Vol.20 No.9

As serving people`s activities, pedestrian road systems are basic and necessary facilities in urban structure. To provide and utilize these pedestrian road systems in residential area would enhance urban environment as well as quality of life. For this reason, pedestrian road should be planned by consideration of people`s activity in residential area. Evaluation of existing pedestrian road should be also oriented how people use it and what people do in it. This study amis to investigate functions of pedestrian road system throughout evaluation of user`s satisfaction in order to improve better pedestrian road system in residential area. The purposes of this study are to analyze components of factors affecting on user`s satisfaction, and to find the relationship among affecting factors. For this study, the on-site questionnaire method was applied to 267 individuals who were collected as the study areas where locate Toyogaoka and Kaidori, Japan. The collected data were clarified exploratory factors, and analyzed relationship between the factors and satisfaction by applying quantitative statistical techniques for the mapping investigation, Mann-Whitney u-test, and correlation. The results of this study are follows. The pedestrian road system is more preferred than surroundings of vehicle roads in residential district area where maintains pedestrian road as open space. In addition, satisfactions of the pedestrian road for each purpose were highly evaluated, because of conformability and convenience for usage. Consequently, the pedestrian road which is secure and greening as an open space is well carried out for the living circulation of residents. It would suggest that pedestrian road have to be managed and planned not a function of circulation but an open space system.

친환경적 보행도로 조성을 위한 저영향개발 침투화분에 관한 기초연구

염성진 ( Sung Jin Yeom ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.9

Soil is the most important factor in natural environment for bio-diversity. Urbanization and development of city devastate urban soil by the fraternization of green network and run off pollution. In these facts, preservation of soil is the main issue in maintain of quality urban environment. In order to handle this issue, the gold network that link fragment soil patches is considered in maintain quality soil. This study researched the infiltration Treebox design technique based on the Low Impact Development. This technique suggest reduction of impervious area of the soil due to urbanization. The main concept of this study is encourage more permeable surfaces in urban area by using a infiltration planter. The function of the planter is hold run off as much as possible from intensive rainfall, and utilizes it in drought season. Also, this planter provides fertile soil for organism habitat by keeping appropriate moisture supplying.

민가정원의 효율적 유지관리를 위한 공원화 방안에 대한

염성진 ( Sung Jin Yeom ) 한국전통조경학회 2015 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.33 No.3

한국의 전통정원은 자연과 인공구조물의 조화를 기반으로 조성되어져 당시의 시대상, 생활상, 문화, 예술 등의 다양한 문화, 역사적 가치를 가진다. 이러한 전통정원 중, 문화재보호법에 의해 문화재로 지정되었으나 사유재산으로 소유주의 고령화, 상속, 관리부족 등의 문제로 인해 훼손, 손실되어 가고 있는 민간정원의 효율적이고 지속적인 유지관리가 시급한 상황이다. 그럼으로 본 연구에서는 공원화를 도입하여 효율적인 이용과 체계적인 관리를 하고 있는 일본의 전통정원의 공원화 사례조사와 국내의 민가정원의 현황 및 유지관리의 문제점, 소유주의 공원화에 대한 의지, 공원화에 필요한 조건에 대한 청문조사를 실시하여 향후 민가정원의 공원화 도입에 있어서의 방향성을 제시하는데 기초적 근거자료로 활용하고자 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과, 일본의 전통정원의 경우, 소유주체를 법인화하여 입장료에 의해 생기는 수입을 유지관리에 조달하고 있으며 지자체와 연구기관과의 연계를 통해 이용과 보전을 기반으로 공원화를 추진하고 있는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그리고 국내의 민가정원의 조사결과 소유주 대부분이 관리에 있어 어려움을 겪고 있으며 공원화를 통한 체계적 유지관리에 긍정적인 의지를 갖고 있는 것이 확인 되었다. A traditional garden in Korea has diverse cultural, historical values, such as the then phases of the times, life phase, culture and art, etc. because it was developed on the basis of the harmony between nature and artificial structures. However, in reality, it``s urgent to do efficient, continuous maintenance of traditional gardens which are being damaged and lost due to the problems like an owner``s aging, inheritance, and lack of management, etc., especially in case of private property which was designated as a cultural property among such traditional gardens under the Cultural Properties Protection Law. Accordingly, this study conducted this research in a bid to use these research results as basic evidentiary materials for suggesting directivity in introduction of park planning of traditional gardens in folk houses in the near future by implementing the case investigation of transformation into public parks from traditional private gardens in Japan, which is putting the newly introduced park planning to efficient use, together with its systematic management, and the survey on domestic traditional gardens in folk houses status, as well as the hearing-based survey on a traditional gardens in folk houses owner``s level of willingness to accept the introduction of parking planning. As a result, this study could confirm that in case of traditional gardens in Japan, they are mobilizing the revenue from admission fees for traditional gardens maintenance by incorporating the main entity of possession, and Japan is promoting transformation of traditional gardens into parks on the basis of use and preservation through the connection with local governments and research institutes. In addition, as a result of surveying domestic traditional gardens in folk houses, it was found that most of the garden owners had hardships in its management, and they were positive about systematic maintenance of gardens through park planning.

군용항공기를 활용한 공중발사체 운용방안 연구

염성진(Seong-Jin Yeom),전진곤(Jin-Gon Jeon),박상영(Sang-Young Park),김상인(Sang-In Kim),김동구(Dong-Gu Kim) 한국항공우주학회 2021 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

제3분과 : 보호지역 보전 및 복원 ; 국립공원의 훼손지 유형별 실태에 관한 연구

염성진 ( Sung Jin Yeom ),서윤희 ( Yun Hee Seo ),홍진표 ( Jin Pyo Hong ),신현승 ( Hyeon Seoung Shin ),조동길 ( Dong Gil Cho ) 한국환경생태학회 2014 한국환경생태학회 학술대회지 Vol.2014 No.2