Squamous Metaplasia and BCL-6 in Pediatric Adenoid Accompanied by Otitis Media with Effusion

여승근,박동춘,추재학,차창일 연세대학교의과대학 2007 Yonsei medical journal Vol.48 No.3

Purpose: Deterioration of local immunity in the adenoids may make them vulnerable to infection by microorganisms, resulting in otitis media with effusion. To determine the factors associated with this condition, we evaluated adenoid size, mucosal barrier, squamous changes of ciliated epithelium, IgA secretion, and BCL-6 expression in adenoids. Materials and Methods: Seventeen children diagnosed with otitis media with effusion (OME group) and 20 children without any history of OME (control group) were enrolled. Their adenoids were sized by lateral view X-ray and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to detect squamous metaplasia. The adenoids were also stained with cytokeratin to evaluate mucosal barriers, and with anti- IgA antibody and anti- BCL-6 antibody to determine expression of IgA and BCL-6. Results: The OME group showed greater incidence of squamous metaplasia, fewer ciliated cells, and lower expression of BCL-6 (p<0.05 each). Deterioration of the mucosal barrier was detected in the OME group (p>0.05). IgA secretion and adenoid size were the same for the OME and the control groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that increased squamous metaplasia and lower BCL-6 expression in adenoids may be associated with increased susceptibility to OME.

Differences in Their Proliferation and Differentiation between B-1 and B-2 Cell.

여승근,차창일,박동춘 대한면역학회 2006 Immune Network Vol.6 No.1

Background: B cell subset has been divided into B-1 cells and B-2 cells. B-1 cells are found most prominently in the peritoneal cavity, as well as constituting a small proportion of splenic B cells and they are larger and less dense than B-2 cells in morphology. This study was designed to compare the differences in their proliferation and differentiation between B-1 and B-2 cell. Methods: We obtained sorted B-1 cells from peritoneal fluid and B-2 cells from spleens of mice. Secreted IgM was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Entering of S phase in response to LPS-stimuli was measured by proliferative assay. Cell cycle analysis by propidium iodide was performed. p21 expression was assessed by real time PCR. Results: Cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in B-1 and B-2 cells, which did not occur in the absence of LPS, required LPS stimulation. After LPS stimulation, B-1 and B-2 cells were shifted to S and G2/M phases. p21 expression by resting B-1 cells was higher than that of resting B-2 cells. Conclusion: B-1 cells differ from conventional B-2 cells in proliferation, differentiation and cell cycle. (Immune Network 2006;6(1):1-5)

Expression of Toll-like Receptors 2 and 4 and Immunoglobulins in Children wih Recurrent Otitis Media with Effusion

여승근,차창일,이영찬,박동춘,김영일,이진우 대한면역학회 2008 Immune Network Vol.8 No.2

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect microbial infection and can directly induce innate host defense responses, which are thought to play critical roles in protecting the tubotympanum from infection. However, little is known about the relationship between TLRs, which are related to innate immunity, and immunoglobulins, which are related to adaptive immunity, in recurrent otitis media with effusion (OME). We therefore investigated the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 and immunoglobulin in children with OME.Methods: The study population consisted of 72 children with OME, 31 with more than 4 episodes in 12 months or more than 3 episodes in 6 months (otitis-prone group), and 41 with fewer than 3 episodes in 12 months (non-otitis prone group). The expression in middle ear effusion of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA, as determined by Real time- -polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM, as determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA), were compared between the two groups.Results: Expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA was lower in the otitis prone than in the non-otitis prone group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Between group differences in the concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM in effusion fluid were not significant (p>0.05), and there were no correlations between immunoglobulin concentrationand the expression of TLR2 and TLR4. Conclusion: Although there was a trend toward low er expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the otitis-prone group, the differences, and those in immunoglobulin concentration, did not differ significantly between the otitis-prone and non-prone groups. Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect microbial infection and can directly induce innate host defense responses, which are thought to play critical roles in protecting the tubotympanum from infection. However, little is known about the relationship between TLRs, which are related to innate immunity, and immunoglobulins, which are related to adaptive immunity, in recurrent otitis media with effusion (OME). We therefore investigated the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 and immunoglobulin in children with OME.Methods: The study population consisted of 72 children with OME, 31 with more than 4 episodes in 12 months or more than 3 episodes in 6 months (otitis-prone group), and 41 with fewer than 3 episodes in 12 months (non-otitis prone group). The expression in middle ear effusion of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA, as determined by Real time- -polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM, as determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA), were compared between the two groups.Results: Expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA was lower in the otitis prone than in the non-otitis prone group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Between group differences in the concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM in effusion fluid were not significant (p>0.05), and there were no correlations between immunoglobulin concentrationand the expression of TLR2 and TLR4. Conclusion: Although there was a trend toward low er expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the otitis-prone group, the differences, and those in immunoglobulin concentration, did not differ significantly between the otitis-prone and non-prone groups.

B세포의 증식에 있어 B-1 임파구와 B-2 임파구의 차이점에 대한 연구

여승근,조중생,박동춘,Thomas L. Rothstein 대한면역학회 2004 Immune Network Vol.4 No.3

Background: B-1 cells differ from conventional B-2 cells both phenotypically and functionally. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference between peritoneal B-1 cells and splenic B-2 cells in proliferation. Methods: We obtained sorted B-1 cells from peritoneal fluid and B-2 cells from spleens of mice. During the culture of these cells, immunoglobulin secreted into the culture supernatants was evaluated by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Entering of S phase in response to LPS-stimuli was measured by proliferative assay. Results: Spontaneous Immunoglobulin M production occurred in peritoneal B-1 cells but not in splenic B-2 cells. LPS stimulated peritoneal B-1 cells secreted IgM at day 1, but splenic B-2 cells at day 2. In thymidine incorporation, peritoneal B-1 cells entered actively S phase after 24hours LPS-stimulation but splenic B-2 cells entered actively S phase after 48 hours. Conclusion: IgM secretion and S phase entering occurred early in peritoneal B-1 cells compared to splenic B-2 cells. (Immune Network 2004;4(3):155-160)

노화가 흰쥐 후구의 Doublecortin 양성세포에 미치는 영향에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

여승근,심현준,윤상원,권순욱,박경훈,허영범,차창일,조중생 대한이비인후과학회 2002 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.45 No.12

Background and Objectives:It is well-established that neurogenesis continues to occur during life in the restricted brain areas, such as the glomerular and granule cell layers of the olfactory bulb. Doublecortin is a protein required for neuronal migration in the developing brian and olfactrory bulb, and is expressed in postmitotic migrating and differentiating neurons during embryonic aged rat compared with new born rat. Materials and Method:Four months old (control group, n=7) and 24 months old (aged group, n=7) male Fischer 344 rats were used in this study. Olfactory bulbs of the rats were cut into 40 μm-thick coronal sections and imunostained. We counted the doublecortin positive cells and neurofibrils, and measured the optical density of doublecortin by layer. We compared the results between the aged group and the control group. Results:In the olfactory bulbs of aged group, we observed les doublecortin positive cells, neurofibrils and lower optical density than the control group. Doublecortin is expressed during life in migratory neuroblasts of the olfactory bulb of the rats. This expresion is reduced in the aged group and the reduced degre is variable acording to the layer. Conclusion:Age-related changes of the olfactory bulb are associated with the reduction of postnatal neurogenesis, especially during the migration and diferentiaion stages. This changes result in reduction of interneurons of the olfactory bulb, and may be responsible for the decreased olfactory function. (Korean J Otolaryngol 2002 ;45 :1146-51)

절식이 쥐의 후구에서 신경전달물질의 발현에 미치는 영향

여승근,문승일,한정욱,윤상원,허영범,조중생 대한이비인후과학회 2002 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.45 No.6

Background and Objectives:Fod restriction increases life span, reduces aging rate and affects a wide variety of biolo-gical functions. Neurotransmitter is a substance released from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron on excitation, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. The nervous system makes use of neurotransmitters for signaling. We investigated the change of imunoreactivity of neuropeptides in olfactory bulb of rat after food restriction. Materials and Method:Of 10-wek old Sprague-Dawley rats used in this study. six rats were killed at the beginning of the (12 g instead of 24 g per day) were killed at 3 days, 1, 2, 4 and 9 weks after food restriction (n=6 per time point). Olfactory bulbs of the rats were cut into 40 μm-thick coronal sections and immunostained. Results:On the layers of glomerular, outer plexiform, gra-nular cell and subependymal zone of olfactory bulb, immunoreactivities of cholecystokinin (CCK), tyrosine hydrolase (TH), and neuropeptide-Y (NPY) eactivities of CCK and TH were increased at 2 weeks of food restriction. However, imunoreactivity of NPY was increased on the only layers of gl-omerular, and granular cell of olfactory bulb at wek 2. After 4th wek, the immunoreactivity of NPY was the same as the control group;after 9th wek, the mmunoreactivity of CCK and TH were the same as the control group. Conclusion:Our results demonstrated that CCK, TH, and NPY could be expresed in different manners on the layers of olfactory bulb of rat (Korean J Otolaryngol 2002;45:579-84)

Various CC Chemokine in Nasal Polyps and the Effect on CC Chemokine by Antibiotic Treatment

여승근,조중생,차창일,윤상원 대한비과학회 2001 Journal of rhinology Vol.8 No.1

Background and Objectives:The cause of nasal polyp is unsure but inflammation is thought to be an important factor inthe development of nasal poyps. CC chemokine is a powerful chemotactic cytokine for inflammatory cells. We designed thisstudy to investigate whether specific CC chemokines are associated with different forms of nasal polyps and their changesaccording to antibiotic treatment. Materials and Methods:Nasal polyp from patients with atopy (AP group, n=12) andwithout atopy (NP group, n=20) were sampled. Expressions of RANTES, eotaxin, MCP-2, MCP-3 and MIP-1α werestudied by an immunohistochemical study. Specimens of non-allergic nasal turbinates were used as the control group from 14patients who were operated for nasal blockage. All patients were divided into 2 groups. One group was treated with antibioticsfor 10 days before operation. The other was non-treated. Results:Between the NP and AP group, the ratio of stainedcells except anti-MCP 2 monoclonal antibody in the AP group was more increased than that of the NP group. Among them,RANTES and eotaxin were increased significantly (p<0.05). There was a significant difference of the expression of 5 CCchemokines between the treated and non-treated groups (p<0.05). Conclusions:These results suggest that chemokinesplay an important role in the development of nasal polyps, and different kinds of chemokines can be involved according tothe cause of nasal polyps and CC chemokines affected by antibiotic treatment.

비용에서 RANTES-mRNA의 발현양상

여승근,조진생 凡石學術奬學財團 2001 凡石學術論文集 Vol.- No.5

만성비염에서 각종 CC Chemokine의 발현양상에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

여승근,박미자,허영범,박경유 凡石學術奬學財團 2000 凡石學術論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Clinical Manifestations of Postnasal Drip

여승근,한정욱,심현준,윤상원,차창일,조중생 대한비과학회 2002 Journal of rhinology Vol.9 No.1

Background and Objectives:Postnasal drip is a common presentation to the medical practitioner. It is a result of disturbanceto the normal drainage or an increase in secretion of the paranasal sinuses. However, sometimes no underlying causecan be found and the patient has to be reassured, and that they may just have to live with it. The aim of this study is to evaluatethe clinical manifestations of patients with postnasal drip. Material and Method:There were 90 patients complaining withpostnasal drip. We performed a prospective study about accompanying symptoms and physical and psychiatric evaluation. Conclusion:Postnasal drip is more common in females over 30 years and the duration of symptoms is usually long. Anatomicalnasal abnormality and sinusitis are common. There is no correlation with postnasal drip and psychiatric problems. Butseveral items are concerned with postnasal drip. So we need detailed history taking and physical examination on patients whocomplained of postnasal drip.