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사과 겹무늬썩음병에 걸린 가지로부터 분산되는 병포자의 정량적 조사법 개발
양희정,최창희,우현,김대희,엄재열,Yang, Hee-Jung,Choi, Chang-Hee,Woo, Hyun,Kim, Dai-Hee,Uhm, Jae-Youl 한국식물병리학회 1998 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.14 No.4
On the basis of the fact that the pycnidiospore of Botryosphaeria dothidea, the causal fungus of apple white rot is a typical water borne spore, a method for quantitative analysis of pycnidiospore dispersal from the warts produced on the diseased apple tree stem was developed. The warts on which cracks developed either on or around them were cut off at the base, and shaked in the water for 4hours at 2$0^{\circ}C$, in which condition the maximum number of spores were released. The volume of shaking solution was calculated as 1 ml per one wart. At the end of shaking, Trio, a household detergent was added to the shaking solution to the concentration of 0.1%, and shaked for additional 10 minutes at 35$^{\circ}C$ to take off the spores attached on the glass ware. One milliliter of the spore suspension thus prepared were passed through transparent membrane filter (pore size : 3.0 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$), and the spores attached on the filter were counted under a microscope ($\times$200) after staining them with lactophenol supplemented with aniline blue. The results thus obtained were statistically consistent when at least 30 warts were used simultaneously in single shaking. This method can be applicable in the elucidation of ecology of sporulation and spore dispersal, and also in the screening of the sporulation inhibitor which can be used in the control of the disease by reducing the inoculum density.
豆科牧草 菌核病菌 Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikss의 交配形 S 菌株의 生活環
嚴在烈 COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE KYUNGPOOK NATIONAL UNIVERSI 1984 慶北大農學誌 Vol.2 No.-
The recent new finding on the sexual mechanism of Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikss., the causal fungus of sclerotial rot on forage legumes, alluds another aspect of life cycle of the fungus. This study was conducted to demonstrate the expected behavior of the sclerotia formed on the plants infected by the ascospores of mating type "S" which give rise to the heterothallic strains. The possibility of spermatization by the microconidia of mating type "L" strains, the opposite mating type to the "S", which formed on the diseased plants was demonstrated by the pot experiments. The cultural morphology of the ascospore progeny showed a great variability when two morphologically distinct cultures were crossed. This facts were thought to be more appropriate explanation on the mechanism of new biotype occurrence than the heterokaryosis which has hitherto been asserted. The sclerotia of mating type "S" culture retained fertilization ability for about two months when the sclerotia were kept on the surface of moistened soil in the pots under 15C.
Chitosan이 사과 겹무늬썩음병균 Botryosphaeria dothidea의 생육에 미치는 영향
이승지,엄재열,이용현 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.3
고분자물질에 의한 사과 겹무늬썩음병 방제법을 개발함에 있어서 chitosan을 코팅용 소재로 활용하기 위하여, 사과 겹무늬썩음병균인 Botryosphaeria dothidea에 대한 Chitosan의 항진균활성을 고체배양 및 액체배양 조건하에서 검토하였다. Chitosan은 고체배양시 B. dothidea의 균사생장억제, 자라난 균사의 응집, 균사의 팽윤 및 세포의 미세구조의 변화를 유발하였다. 액체배양실험 결과 chitosan은 낮은 농도에서도 강력한 균체생육 억제효과를 보였으며, 1.0mg/ml의 첨가농도에서 90% 이상의 억제효과를 나타내었다. 또한 균사의 신장과정에 영향을 미쳐 균사체의 응집현상이 관찰되었다. 또한 chitosan이 포자의 발아를 지연시켰을 뿐만 아니라 발아관의 형태적 변화를 유발시켰다. 단량체인 glucosamine은 glucosamine은 B. dothidea의 생육저해를 유발하지 않았으며, 항진균 활성은 chitosan polymer에 의한 것임을 알았다. To examine the potential utilization of chitosan, the biodegradable natural ploymer, as a control agent of apple white rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea in a new control measure by coating it on the diseased branches, the various antifungal activites of chitosan was investigated. Chitosan showed significant inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of B. dothidea, along with the morphological changes including hyphal swelling and ultrastructural changes on solid PDA medium. In liquid PD broth medium, the chitosan showed more significant effect on the growth of B. dothidea also forming cell clusters indicating affection on the hyphal extension. The growth of B. dothidea was inhibited more than 90% at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml. Chitosan also detained the spore germination and induced the morphological change of germ tubes. Glucosamine, monomer of chitosan, did not affect on the growth of B. dothidea indicating the antifungal activity was caused by chitosan polymer.