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성견에서 골유착성 타이타늄 임프란트의 기능적 노출 시기가 주위의 골형성에 미치는 영향
양자호,이호용,Yang Ja-Ho,Lee Ho-Yong 대한치과보철학회 1991 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.29 No.3
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of early functional load around osseointegrated titanium implants. 24 titanium plasma spray coated implants (ITI HS-type) were placed into the previously extracted site in the mandible of six adult dogs. The implants were divided into three groups : the control group was the implants without abutment during the experimental period; the experimental group I was loaded by connecting the contoured abutment after 6 weeks of healing; the experimental group II was loaded after 12 weeks of healing: and the mandibular second premolar and surrounding tissues were selected for natural tooth group to compare the implanted group. All dogs were injected intravenously tetracycline, alizarin red S, and calcein for bone labeling. After the experimental period of 18 weeks, the dogs were sacrificed and longitudinal sections of the bone-implant interface were cut and observed using light microscope, scanning electron microscope, and fluorescence microscope. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Light and scanning electron microscopically, all implant surfaces were well contact with bone tissue at the cortical layer, but some areas of cancellous bone were not contact directly. 2. Fluorescence microscopically, number and size of the new secondary osteons around the implant were increased than those of the natural tooth. 3. Fluorescence microscopically, linear and concentrical fluorescence was observed at or near the surface of all implants, and the bone formation and remodeling of the implants loaded after 6 week of healing were great, and unloaded implants were worst. 4. Fluorescence microscopically, endosteal bone formation was greater than periosteal bone formation at or near the implants. 5. Fluorescence microscopically, number and size of linear and concentric fluorescence was increased at the lingual side than the buccal side of the loaded implants. The result of the study indicate the possibility of the early load to the implant via a prosthesis.
양자량 ( Yang Ja Ryang ) 덕성여자대학교 인문과학연구소 2018 인문과학연구 Vol.26 No.-
본 논문에서는 문헌사료와 금석문을 통해 6세기 초 신라의 지증왕·법흥왕대 왕권과 그에 따른 갈문왕의 지위 변화에 대해 살펴보았다. 6세기 초 금석문을 통해 갈문왕은 귀족회의에서 주요 국정 현안을 결정하는 중요한 역할을 하는 등 정치적 영향력을 가지고 있었다. 마침내 소지왕 말기 왕권이 약화되자 지도로 갈문왕은 강대한 세력의 지지에 힘입어 비정상적인 방법으로 즉위한다. 그러나 갈문왕은 왕위계승권이 없었기 때문에 그 명분은 취약했을 것이다. 자신의 약한 명분과 약해진 왕권을 살리기 위해 지증왕은 즉위 이후 왕권의 안정과 강화를 위한 개혁을 실시하게 된다. 530년대는 6부체제가 해체되고, 법흥왕대 집권화된 지배체제가 완성되어 가는 시기였다. 이는 왕권이 성장되었음을 보여준다. 한편 법흥왕은 갈문왕으로서 왕위에 오른 지증왕의 전례를 견제하고자 갈문왕의 지위를 약화시키고자 하였다. 갈문왕의 지위가 격하됨에 따라 그 역할을 대신 한 것이 바로 법흥왕 18년(531) 설치된 상대 등이다. 법흥왕은 자신의 정치적 파트너로 갈문왕이 아닌 상대등을 설치하여 갈문왕은 더 이상 정치적으로 영향력을 가질 수 없는 유명무실한 위치, 왕족에게 주는 명예직화로 전락하게 되었다. 이를 정리하면 지증왕 이전에는 6부체제의 아래에서 왕권이 약했기 때문에 혈연관계에 있던 갈문왕을 동반자로 여겼다면, 지증왕 이후 스스로 왕권을 강력하게하기 위한 개혁을 통해 혈연관계로 있던 갈문왕이 아닌 관료화된 상대등을 동반자로서 두었던 것이다. In this research paper, the literature historical material and geomsuckmun(金石文) are examined to look the change of galmunwang’s status in the early 6th century caused by the royal authority of both King Jijeung and King Beopheung. Through the geomsuckmun in the early 6th century, the galmunwang had political influence that played an important role in determining main issues of government at a council of novel. Finally, as the royal authority weakened in the late King SoJi, Jidoro Galmunwang came to the throne in the abnormal way with support of strong powers. However, since galmunwang did not have the right of succession, his justification might be weak. It will have to be understood in such a situation not to call the Maripgan(麻立干) on the nangsuribi in 503. In this way, to overcome own weak justification and royal authority, King Jijeung carried out reformations of the strengthen and stability of royal authority after his enthronement. A 530’s was a period completed a centralized system in the King Beopheung era, dissolving Yukbu(六部) system. On the one hand, King Beopheung tried to weaken galmunwang's authority to prevent the King Jijeung’s precedent that took the throne as galmunwang. As the galmunwang’s status was weakened, it was the Sangdaedeung (上大等) to substitute for its role. King Beopheung established the sangdaedeung as his political partner instead of galmunwang. And then, the galmunwang degenerated as a honorary position, which is just given to royal families, and this position was also regarded as a nominal position that no longer has political influences. In short, before King Jijeung, the royal authority under the yukbu system was weak, so the king regarded galmunwang as his partner who was based on the blood-relationship. On the other hand, after King Jijeung, the king engaged not galmunwang but the bureaucratized sangdaedeung through reformations for strengthen royal authority by himself.
기계설비법 제정에 따른 설비 정보체계 구축 및 기술패키지 개발에 관한 연구
양자강(Ja Kang Yang),이창재(Chang Jae Lee),박선효(Sun Hyo Park) 대한설비공학회 2020 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.6
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions has become a global issue, and the corresponding response should also be made in the building energy, which accounts for a large portion of total energy consumption. Therefore, this study suggests a plan to develop applicable facilities database and active / new and renewable technology packages for efficient remodeling of old existing buildings, which account for about 58% of current buildings. Based on Mechanical Facilities Act in 2018, the establishment of information on energy efficiency facilities is preceded and the unit technology for the development of technology packages is classified based on the database established. Based on the classified unit technology, develop active/new and renewable technology packages that are convenient to be applied to remodeling existing buildings. Built databases and developed technology packages can be applied to remodeling existing buildings, which are suggested to help reduce costs and operate efficiently.
소규모 건물에서 환기공급방식에 따른 에너지 절감효과 분석
양자강(Ja Kang Yang),박선효(Sun Hyo Park) 대한설비공학회 2021 설비공학 논문집 Vol.33 No.2
Over the past years, Korea has considered it important to maintain comfortable and healthy levels of fine dust and thereby ensure high indoor air quality, as well as a lower risk of COVID-19 spread. Additionally, recent buildings have been strengthening their air density and insulation performance in response to legal measures which reduce energy loss, which has made it inevitable to apply mechanical ventilation systems in order to improve indoor air quality. In the summer and winter seasons, where there are large differences in ambient air tem-perature, the application of heat exchangers can result in the saving of energy, but their indis-criminate use can also increase fan power and therefore adversely affect energy saving. In this study, the analysis of heat exchanger usage was conducted by controlling by season, and the results include the following. During the inter-season period, the application of the Econo-mizer, without heat exchange, saved energy by 4 to 7%, and particularly by 16% in cooling. In the summer, the typical 71% efficiency of the sensible heat exchanger was reduced by about 2% and 12% by the enthalpy heat exchanger, and in the winter, both cases showed 30% savings. For annual results, heat exchangers were applied during the summer and winter sea-sons, and when the Economizer was also during the inter-season, about 4% more energy was saved than when heat exchangers were applied throughout the year.