Kinetic Study on Quinuclidinolysis of O-4-Nitrophenyl X-substituted Thionobenzoates and O-3,4-Dinitrophenyl Thionobenzoate: Effect of Amine Nature on Reactivity and Reaction Mechanism

양은지,김민영,엄익환 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.6

Second-order rate constants (kquin) have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reactions of O-3,4-dinitrophenyl thionobenzoate (1a) with a series of quinuclidine derivatives and of O-4-nitrophenyl X-substituted thionobenzoates (2a–2f) with quinuclidine in 80 mol% H2O/20 mol% DMSO at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C. Quinuclidine is less reactive toward the thione esters than less basic benzylamine. Steric hindrance exerted by the tertiary amine is responsible for the decreased reactivity. The Hammett plot for the reactions of 2a–2f with quinuclidine consists of two intersecting straight lines, while the Yukawa–Tsuno plot for the same reactions exhibits an excellent linear correlation with ρ X = 1.10 and r = 0.71. This indicates that the nonlinear Hammett plot is not due to a change in the rate-determining step but is caused by ground-state stabilization of substrates possessing an electron-donating group in the thionobenzoyl moiety through resonance interactions. Brønsted-type plot for the reactions of 1a with quinuclidines is linear with β nuc = 0.89, which is typical for reactions reported to proceed through a stepwise mechanism. However, the reactions have been concluded to proceed through a forced concerted mechanism. Instability of a plausible intermediate T± forces the reactions to proceed through such a mechanism.

플러스에너지하우스의 건축 공간 표현 특성요소에 관한 연구

양은지,김개천 한국문화공간건축학회 2015 한국문화공간건축학회논문집 Vol.- No.49

The environmental and energy issues are requiring various measures to respond beyond the level of resource andenergy conservation, making continuous developments and attempts of diverse concepts of architecture. However, this researchwas conducted based on the fact that there are lacking researches on the issues caused by the confusion of concept anddesign directions and design approaches. This study reviewed the expression characteristics of spaces by concluding the characteristics of plus energy with domestic andinternational examples based on the summarized concepts and elements of plus energy. Plus energy houses reduce energy, maximize energy efficiency and generate energy by transforming the innovativetechnologies-introduced natural elements into energy. Through the characteristics factors of ‘Energy Plus, Eco Plus, Emotion Plus’, plus energy makes harmony with technology,nature and emotion rather than maximizing energy with just natural elements and technological formats. Plus energy houses allow the architecture itself to create the nature and pleasant and healthy space. “Plus Energy House” can effectively control and reproduce the use of energy depending on the technological introductionmethod and give values as a resource. Plus energy architecture absorbs the energy of the spaces in different forms andchanges itself to adapt to the environment in a flexible way. Plus energy puts first the nature and human life through thebalance between nature, human and architecture, and transforms itself to the new forms of energy.

pH-responsive PMAA-Gd2O₃ Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

양은지,조희경,김태정,정인우 한국고분자학회 2010 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2010 No.10

미생물 촉매제를 이용한 슬러지 감량화에 관한 연구

양은지,신동철,박철휘 대한환경공학회 2017 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Kinetic Study on Reactions of O-Y-substituted Phenyl Thionobenzoates with Quinuclidine: Factors Governing Reactivity and Reaction Mechanism

양은지,김민영,엄익환 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.4

Second-order rate constants (kquin) for the reactions of O-Y-substituted phenyl thionobenzoates (3a–3i) with quinuclidine have been measured spectrophotometrically. Comparison of k quin with the rate constants reported previously for the corresponding reactions with benzylamine (k BzNH2) has revealed that quinuclidine is less reactive than benzylamine toward 3a–3i although the former is 2.1 pK a units more basic than the latter. Steric hindrance exerted by quinuclidine has been suggested to be responsible for the decreased reactivity of the tertiary amine. The Brønsted-type plot for the reactions of 3a–3i with quinuclidine is linear with βlg = −0.37. The Hammett plot correlated with σ Y o constants exhibits many scattered points ( R 2  = 0.982). In contrast, the Yukawa-Tsuno plot results in an excellent linear correlation ( R 2  = 0.9992) with ρ Y  = 0.96 and r = 0.51, indicating that a negative charge develops partially on the O atom of the leaving group. Thus, the reactions of 3a–3i with quinuclidine have been concluded to proceed through a concerted mechanism in which expulsion of the leaving group is advanced only a little in the rate-determining transition state.

Treated by TAVI in TAVI procedure in Prosthetic AV re-stenosis

양은지,홍범기 대한내과학회 2020 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2020 No.1

아동발달심리를 기반으로 한 어린이도서관 색채환경 연구

양은지,이민 한국실내디자인학회 2018 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.27 No.6

For children, colors are a tool they use to express themselves and a medium through which they sense and recognize their environment so the psychological reactions and developments that colors cause for children should be understood together. Colors affect children in various aspects such as child development, psychology (emotion), learning, and character building and libraries are a space that develop the body and emotions through various activities such as reading and learning so colors that follow activity regions and the development stages of children should be applied. There are many current cases in which the colors used in children’s spaces do not fully take the developmental and psychological aspects of children into consideration. Despite the importance of colors mentioned above, the children’s library space design field lacks the provision of color environments that are age appropriate and color application standards that suit spatial characteristics. At this, this study attempted to understand child development psychology based on the perception and recognition of the characteristics of color environments in child spaces, apply child development psychology, and analyze the color environments of child spaces. Analysis results showed that while it is a meaningful attempt to apply colors that children prefer to induce positive effects and reactions, if the environment color standards of children’s spaces are not put into consideration, they may bring about negative agitation and interpretation instead of positive reactions. Therefore, research that analyzes children’s color recognition and reactions along with their psychological effects must be conducted. It is anticipated that this study will be applied as base material that can provide and improve “color environment standards’ that are appropriate for children. 아동에게 색채는 자신을 표현하는 도구이자 환경을 지각하고 인지하는 매개체로 색채가 아동에게 미치는 심리적 반응과 발달을 함께 이해하여야 한다. 아동에게 색채는 아동발달, 심리(정서), 학습. 인격형성 등 다양한 측면에서 영향을 미치고 있으며 도서관은 독서와 학습 이외 다양한 활동을 통해 신체와 감성을 발전시키는 공간으로 활동영역 및 아동의 발달단계에 따른 색채를 적용하여야 한다. 현재 아동공간에 사용되는 색채는 아동의 발달과 심리적 측면을 충분히 고려되지 못한 경우가 적지 않다. 위와 같은 색채의 중요성에도 불구하고 현재 어린이도서관 공간디자인 분야에서 연령에 맞는 색채 환경과 공간 특성에 맞는 색채 적용기준이 마련되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구를 통해 아동발달심리를 적용하여 아동 공간의 색채 환경을 분석해 보았다. 본 연구에서의 연구를 토대로 색채 환경연구에서 집중하지 못했던 빛과 색채의 상관관계에 따른 아동의 인지변화와 반응을 파악하여 교육환경에 맞는 색채 환경을 제공한다면 보다 향상된 공간 환경을 제공하는데 이바지 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

이중 췌장을 가진 선천성 기형에서 나타난 급성 췌장염의 증례 1례

양은지,남지해,장성일,조재희,이동기 대한내과학회 2020 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2020 No.1

헥사시아노 철산철 활물질의 전기화학적 특성에 미치는 전해질 농도의 영향

양은지,이상엽,말도나도노잘레스폴,정순기 중소기업융합학회 2021 융합정보논문지 Vol.11 No.2

수계 아연 이온 전지의 신규 전극 활물질로서 헥사시아노 철산철(Fe4[Fe(CN6)]3, FeHCF)의 전기화학적 특성에 미치는 전해질 농도의 영향에 관하여 조사하였다. FeHCF 전극의 전기화학 반응 및 구조적 안정성에 전해 질 농도가 크게 영향을 준다는 것이 전위 주사, 충전-방전 시험, X-선 회절 분석에 의해 확인되었다. 1.0-7.0 mol dm–3의 전해질 용액에서는 농도가 증가함에 따라 FeHCF 전극의 충전 및 방전 용량이 증가하였으나 사이클이 진 행됨에 따라 서서히 감소하였다. 반면에 9.0 mol dm–3의 전해질 용액에서는 초기 용량은 상대적으로 작았으나 사이클 특성이 우수하였다. 전자의 전해질 용액에서 5사이클 진행된 FeHCF 전극은 반응 전과 비교하여 결정 구조 에 변화가 있었으며, 후자의 경우에는 변화가 없었다. 이것은 FeHCF 전극의 전기화학적 성능이 전해질 용액 중에 존재하는 아연 이온의 수화 구조와 크게 관련이 있음을 시사하는 것이다. The effects of electrolyte concentration on the electrochemical properties of Fe4[Fe(CN6)]3 (FeHCF) as a novel active material for the electrode of aqueous zinc-ion batteries was investigated. The electrochemical reactions and structural stability of the FeHCF electrode were significantly affected by the electrolyte concentration. In the electrolyte solutions of 1.0-7.0 mol dm-3, the charge-discharge capacities increased with increasing electrolyte concentration, however gradually decreased as the cycle progressed. On the other hand, in the 9.0 mol dm-3 electrolyte solution, the initial capacity was relatively small, however showed good cyclability. Additionally, the FeHCF electrode after five cycles in the former electrolyte solutions, had a change in crystal structure, whereas there was no change in the latter electrolyte solution. This suggests that the performance of the FeHCF electrode is greatly influenced by the hydration structure of zinc ions present in electrolyte solutions.

뉴미디어아트를 기반으로 시공간 활성화 방안

양은지 한국디지털융합학회 2019 디지털경영연구 Vol.5 No.2

This study investigated the effects of IT, digital art, space, and contents on the activation of time and space. with securing the theme of art New media art products and works such as creativity, new form, medium change, material and de-matter, mixing and separation, fusion and combination are being conceived. In the future, the role of art in all fields will be a study with extensibility beyond time and space. IT and digital art, and the space-time activation of space and contents are classified into 4 cases. Through these researches, we tried to make a change in our culture and art by expressing the digital art of effective art.