만성정신질환자 가족의 부담감과 치료동반자역할의 필요성 및 참여도

양수,장미화 대한간호학회정신간호학회 2000 정신간호학회지 Vol.9 No.1

A better understanding of the therapeutic role and the burden on the family has become increasingly important because many families assume a major role in the care of their relatives who have mentally ill patients. Especially, care of psychiatric patients in Korea is family-centered. Therefore, the burden of family caregivers is severe, and families have strong affects in the treatment of psychiatric patients. However, due to various reasons, families lack understanding of patient status and diseases so they follow instructions of physicians passively and do not even think about participating in the treatment plans for patients. This study was designed to identify the quantities of burden perceived by the family caregivers, and to obtain basic data about need awareness and degree of participation of family members as treatment partners in the treatment of psychiatric patients. The data were collected from July 19 to September 27, 1999, and the subjects of the research were 106 family members of psychiatric patients who were either hospitalized or received outpatient treatment in 4 mental health centers and one psychiatric hospital located in Kyunggi Province and Seoul. The researchers developed and used a questionnaire as the evaluation tool to determine the awareness of need and degree of actual participation in family members. Also, subjective and objective burden measurement was used to measure burden of family caregivers. This tool originally developed by Montgomery(1985) and used by Choi(1997), and revised by researchers to 4-point Likert Scale. The results are as follows. 1. Although family was highly aware the need for the role of family members as treatment partners, the actual degree of family member participating was low. 2. As the degree of need awareness of family roles according to each area, families felt that they are needed most in the matters relating to admission and hospitalization of patients, followed by their roles at the time of discharge and daily life after discharge, but showed low awareness on roles relating to family association. 3. Participation of family members as treatment partners was seen most with matters related to discharge, and showed lowest participation rate in matters concerning family association. 4. The role awareness and participation degree of family members were significantly different according to the occupations of family members, and the degree of participation was significantly different according to marital status, forms of medical coverage, relationship with the patient, and opinions on patient prognosis. 5. The mean score of the perceived burden of the family caregivers was 2.64, which is higher than the mode score of instrument. 6. The burden of the family caregivers was significantly different according to gender, marital status, education level, occupation, relationship with the patient, and opinions on patient prognosis. 7. There was a significant correlation between the role awareness and participation degree as treatment partners of family members, and there was not a significant correlation between the burden and the participation degree. As seen with these results, by raising the awareness of family members as treatment partners, the study suggests that the area for family members to involve in more active patient treatment and care need to be expanded, and we also need systematic efforts such as to study ways tat relieve the burden of the family and make family members to participate in treatment and care of patients.

여성 정신 질환자의 흡연

양수 가톨릭대학 (가톨릭신학대학) 대학원 1981 가톨릭大學醫學部 論文集 Vol.34 No.3

식질머신: 딥러닝을 이용한 만화 글자 제거 시스템

고우람(U Ram Ko),조환규(Hwan-Gue Cho) 한국정보과학회 2019 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.6

간호에있어서 적응설의 적응(Ⅱ)

양수 간호사 1980 월간 看護 Vol.1980 No.12

만성정신분열병 입원환자에 대한 외모가꾸기 훈련의 지속효과

양수,최연숙 대한간호학회정신간호학회 2002 정신간호학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Purpose : This study was conducted to determine the effects of training on the improvement of independent grooming performance ability and satisfaction with appearance. Methods : The study was done between January 24, 2000 to March 24, 2001 in 60 schizophrenic patients admitted to K Hospital located in U city with 26 patients included in the study group and 24 patients included in the control group. A grooming training program was applied to those patients in the study group for 16 days for 16 times with each session lasting 50-60 min. The degrees of independent grooming performance ability and satisfaction with appearance were measured for 5 days before training to confirm no differences between the two groups. After providing the patients in the study group 16 sessions of grooming training everyday with each session lasting 50-60 min, the degrees of independent grooming performance ability and satisfaction with appearance were observed at immediately after training and at 4 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after training through follow-up study. The same contents were investigated during the same periods of time in the control group and study group. Results : The degrees of satisfaction with appearance and independent grooming performance ability were significantly different at immediately after training and 4 weeks after training compared with before training and still different by 6 months after training although this decrease was only slight with the effect lasting up to 12 months after training in the study group. Conclusion : According to these results, grooming training could be an important rehabilitation process by aiding patients with chronic schizophrenia for the improvement of self-care ability. We believe that the improved effects could be maintained through reinforcement at an appropriate period of time. Therefore, the effectiveness of this training could be verified by utilizing grooming training at hospitals, regional mental convalescent centers, regional welfare centers and other mental health centers. By performing continued and systematic studies that find out appropriate reinforcement techniques and enable this training to be used in daily lives, grooming training could aid mentally handicapped patients with treatment and rehabilitation. However, the interpretation of the result of the present study would be limited since it was done only at one hospital. Therefore, further studies are needed to be done in more patients and on the subject related with improving hospital environment where providing patients with appropriate tools of or clothing for grooming is limited.

서울시내 일부 간호사들의 불면발생과 생활사건으로 인한 스트레스와의 관계조사

양수,유숙자 최신의학사 1988 最新醫學 Vol.31 No.5

국내 정신건강간호학 연구 동향 분석

양수,이미형,유숙자 대한간호학회정신간호학회 1996 정신간호학회지 Vol.5 No.2

This study was conducted to examine research trends in psychiatric-mental health nursing in Korea. The data were collected from 221 these published between January, 1962 and August, 1995 and included psychiatric patients, psychiatric hospital, community mental health, psychiatric nurses, or psychiatric nursing records. The results are following. 1. The first thesis in the field of psychiatric-mental health nursing was published in 1968. There were 221 master's and doctoral theses from 27 colleges by 1995. Twenty two of the theses were doctoral ones from 6 nursing colleges. There were 16 theses only by 1980, yet the number increased to 93 in 1980's. The number of theses sharply increased in 1990's, when researchers adopted various scopes and methods of research. Accordingly, the number(113) of these published in recent 5 years was greater than the number(108) published between 1962 and 1990. 2. Surveys(42.5%) and correlational studies(34.4%) were most prevalent and these research designs were mainly conducted before 1980. Quasi-experimental design was adopted after 1981 and it has been conducted more oftentimes in recent years. Qualitative study was reported after 1986 and the rate of thesis using this design increased rapidly between 1991 and 1995. 3. As for the subjects, healthy people were greatest, which were followed by patients, nurses, families of patients, and families of healthy people, in that sequence. According to the developmental stage of the subject, adults took most, followed by adolescents, the school-aged and aged. 4. The data were collected by using questionnaires most frequently(185 these), followed by interviews, physiological measures, and observation. A variety of methods for data collection appeared as time passed by. Hospital were most prevalent place for data collection, followed by schools, and communities. 5. Regarding measurement, general questionnaires were most frequently used (119 these). Those variables measured are stress, burnout, mental health, anxiety, depression, physical status, family measures, use of drug, social support, activities in daily life, satisfaction, locus of control, personality, adjustment, self-concept, health beliefs, loneliness, coping strategies, etc. The physiological measures chosen were serum components, blood pressure, the amount of output, pulse rate, respiration. 6. Most studies adopted quantitative method. As for data analyses, t-test was adopted in 150 theses, revealing the highest frequency. Other statistical methods used in the theses were ANOVA, percentages, correlation analysis, frequencies, chi-square test, etc. In particular, such inferential statistics as regression analyses, factor analyses, and ANOVA began to be used from late 1980's, while nonparametric statistical method has been adopted since 1991. Qualitative research method was largely applied after 1991.

BDI-Ⅱ에 의한 도시지역 노인의 우울 정도와 관련요인

양수,김남초 대한간호학회정신간호학회 2001 정신간호학회지 Vol.10 No.4

This study was conducted to measure the level of depression by BDI-Ⅱ which has not been used in Korea, and to identify factors influencing depression among the elderly. Data were collected from July to August 2000. Study participants were 301 elderly aged of 60 years or over who were recruited from 9 senior centers located in Seoul, Korea. The questionnaire consisted of demographics and BDI-Ⅱ by developed by Beck(1996). The data were analyzed byt-test, ANOVA. Stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of depression was 17.10±9.76, which means mild depression by Beck(1996). Of the sample, 116(38.5%) were nondepressed, 72(23.9%) were mildly depressed, 74(24.6%) were moderately depressed, and 39(13.0%) were severely depressed. 2. Regarding the sub-dimensions, depression score was highest in the item of Lost of Interest in Sex, whereas the item-score of Suicidal. Thoughts or Wishes was lowest. 3. With respect to the Changes in Sleeping Pattern item, 15.6% subjects reported that they were sleeping more, and 56.1% indicated that they were sleeping less. For changes in Appetite, 57.2% endorsed decreased appetite, whereas 10.4% reported increased appetite. 4. The mean score of depression showed significant differences in terms of following factors: gender, age, existence or absence of a spouse, family resident, education, provider of living expenses, number of going out, number of friends, perceived health status, ADL, knowledge of the cause of depression, thought of prognosis for depression. 5. In the multiple stepwise regression analysis on depression, significant predictors were existence or absence of a spouse, ADL, gender, thought of prognosis for depression, number of going out, family resident. These variables explained 24.9% of depression. In the light of these results, this study will be further used as a basic data to identify risk factors of depression and to realize the importance of care for depressed elderly. Also, these results showed that the education for the depressed elderly is very important. Therefore much attention has to be paid to elderly from the standpoint of mental health nursing. We would like to make following suggestions based on the findings of this study: * The development of intervention program to help the community-dwelling elderly seek treatment modalities are offered. * Further study research on a development of a model which comprehensive explains depression of the elderly should be needed. * It is necessary to study systematically the availability of BDI-Ⅱ with consideration of the cultural differences.

우울증 환자의 항우울제 복용 후 나타나는 변비에 대한 식이섬유 보충의 효과

양수,유숙자 대한간호학회정신간호학회 1996 정신간호학회지 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed and undertaken to test effects of dietary fiber supplement on constipation induced by antidepressants that leads to physical discomfort in depressed inpatients. The study was done with a non-equivalent pre-test/post-test experimental design using interviews, questionnaires, observational measurement. This study was conducted from December, 1994 to December 31st, 1995 using forty inpatients with major depressive disorders by the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-Ⅳ(American Psychiatric Association, 1994) at three college hospitals. The forty inpatients(male ; 19, female 21) were conveniently divided into two groups : a control group of 22 and experimental group of 18 individuals. All of the subjects was revealed to have antidepressant-induced constipation during the first two weeks of control period. All of the patients had a control period of two weeks before and after an experimental period of three weeks. The experimental groups were given daily doses of 10g of alpha-cellulose and 5g of citrus pectin during the experimental period. The data gathered during the experiment was subsequently analyzed by means of statistical methods-multiple regression, t-test, ANOVA, and repeated measures ANOVA. Analysis of the difference in the stool frequency, amount of feces and severity of constipation according to time sequence was done using repeated measures ANOVA. Finally, multiple regression was used to analyze the major variables that influence the duration and degrees of constipation. 1. The results related to the stool frequency were as follows : a. The average frequency of defecation per week was significantly different between two groups, experimental group having significantly more than control group during experimental period and the first week after finishing treatment(p=0.0003, P=0.0001, p=0.0089, P=0.0018). b. For the change of the stool frequency between two groups over time, experimental subjects increased significantly more than control subjects(p=0.0001) c. The stool frequency was determined by the following variables : dietary fiber supplement, age, the number of admission and the amount of activity per week. 2. The results related to the amount of feces were as follows : a. For the amount of feces before and after treatment in two groups, experimental group had significantly larger amount than control group in the first, second, third, second, third weeks after beginning treatment and the first week after finishing treatment(p=0.0093, P=0.0007, p=0.0011, P=0.0025). b. For the change of the amount of feces between two groups over time, experimental subjects increased significantly higher than control subjects(p=0.0008) c. The amount of feces was determined by the following variables : dietary fiber supplement and the amount of activity per week. 3. The findings related to the severity of constipation were as follow : a. The severity of constipation was significantly different between two groups, experimental group having significantly lower scores than control group in the second, third weeks after treatment and the first week after finishing treatment(p=0.0220, P=0.0012, p=0.0045). b. The severity of constipation was determined determined by the following variables : dietary fiber supplement and the number of admission. In the light of these results, this study implies that dietary fiber supplement is effective in relieving antidepressant induced constipation in depressed patients.

권두언

양수 한국정신간호학회 2000 정신간호학회지 Vol.9 No.1

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