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양득석,정희만,이재양,이상직,Yang, Deuk-Seok,Jung, Hoe-Man,Lee, Jae-Yang,Lee, Sang-Jik 생화학분자생물학회 1988 한국생화학회지 Vol.21 No.1
소 심장 미토콘드리아에 의한 NADH 산화에 여러 약용식물 (인삼, 도라지, 더덕)의 사포닌 및 전형적인 계면 활성제 (sodium dodecyl sulfate, deoxycholate, Triton X-100)들이 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 인삼사포닌, 도라지사포닌, 더덕사포닌 및 여러 계면 활성제들이 $10^{-5}-10^{-5}M$ 농도에서는 미토콘드리아의 NADH 산화를 촉진시킨 반면 $10^{-4}M$에서는 이를 저해하였다. 호흡활성을 저해하는 사포닌 및 계면 활성제들의 농도로 미토콘드리아를 전처리 한 후 cytochrome c를 가했을때는 다시 NADH 산화속도가 증가되었다. Cytochrome oxidase의 활성에 있어서도 위의 사포닌들과 계면 활성제들의 영향을 받았으나 미토콘드리아의 경우와는 다른 경향을 보여주었다. 사포닌 및 전형적인 계면 활성제에 의한 전자전달계의 활성이 촉진되는 것은 미토콘드리아 내 외막간에 존재하는 cytochrome c의 유동성의 증가로, 활성이 저해되는 것은 막간 cytochrome c의 유실로 추측할 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 cytochrome c의 유동성 증가 및 제거는 인상을 포함한 여러 식물 사포닌들의 계면 활성적 작용에 기인함을 알았다. The bovine heart mitochondria were separated by centrifugation and the saponins of the herbs ginseng, bellflower, and Codonopsis lanceolate were fractionated by a solvent partition. NADH oxidations were assayed in terms of 340 nm absorption decrease when the electron transport system contained the saponins. In this assay some typical surfactants dodecyl sulfate, deoxycholate, and Triton X-100 were also used for comparison. In general, the electron transport from NADH to $O_2$ was improved when $10^{-7}-10^{-5}M$ saponins or surfactants were added to the reaction systems. However. gradual decrease in the mitochondrial activity was observed as the concentration of the saponins as well as the typical surfactants was increased up to $10^{-4}M$ for example. In the cases of the pretreatment of the mitochondria with the saponins or surfactants, the oxidation rates were decreased. Increase in concentrations of exogenous cytochrome c contributed proportionally to the rate increase. The activity of a purified cytochrome oxidase was considered to be somewhat affected by the saponins or the surfactants. It is considered that the activation of the electron transport by the saponins may be caused by an increase in mobility or fluidity of the cytochrome. while the deactivation of the transport may be by an elimination of the cytochrome. Added NADH. cytochrome, and the saponins/typical surfactants may contact with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. These mobility increase and elimination of the cytochrome may largely be attributed to the surface activity of the saponins from the plants including the ginseng.
양득석,정회만,이재양,이상직 ( Deuk Seok Yang,Hoe Man Jung,Jae - Yang Lee,Sang Jik Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1988 BMB Reports Vol.21 No.1
The bovine heart mitochondria were separated by centrifugation and the saponins of the herbs ginseng, bellflower, and Codonopsis lanceolate were fractionated by a solvent partition. NADH oxidations were assayed in terms of 340 nm absorption decrease when the electron transport system contained the saponins. In this assay some typical surfactants dodecyl sulfate, deoxycholate, and Triton X-100 were also used for comparison. In general, the electron transport from NADH to O₂ was improved when 10^(-7)-10^(-5) M saponins or surfactants were added to the reaction systems. However, gradual decrease in the mitochondrial activity was observed as the concentration of the saponins as well as the typical surfactants was increased up to 10^(-4) M for example. In the cases of the pretreatment of the mitochondria with the saponins or surfactants, the oxidation rates were decreased. Increase in concentrations of exogenous cytochrome c contributed proportionally to the rate increase. The activity of a purified cytochrome oxidase was considered to be somewhat affected by the saponins or the surfactants. It is considered that the activation of the electron transport ¹y the saponins may be caused by an increase in mobility or fluidity of the cytochrome, while the deactivation of the transport may be by an elimination of the cytochrome. Added NADH, cytochrome, and the saponins/typical surfactants may contact with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. These mobility increase and elimination of the cytochrome may largely be attributed to the surface activity of the saponins from the plants including the ginseng.
양득석 ( Deuk Seok Yang ),임태효 ( Teo Hyo Im ),이인정 ( In Jung Lee ),정강영 ( Kang Young Jung ),김경훈 ( Gyeong Hoon Kim ),권헌각 ( Heon Gak Kwon ),유제철 ( Je-chul Yoo ),안정민 ( Jung Min Ahn ) 한국환경과학회 2018 한국환경과학회지 Vol.27 No.2
As part of the Four Major Rivers Restoration Project, multifunctional weirs have been constructed in the rivers and operated for river-level management. As the weirs play a role in draining water from tributaries, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of the weirs on the water level of the Nam River, which is one of the Nakdong River’s tributaries. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) and a locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS) technique were applied to analyze the patterns and trends of water level and quality of the Nakdong River, considering the operation of the Changnyeong-Haman weir, which is located where the Nam River flows into the Nakdong River. The software program HEC-RAS was used to find the boundary points where the water is well drained. Per the study results at the monitoring points ranging between the junction of the two rivers and 17.5 km upstream toward the Nam River, the multifunctional weir influenced the water level at the Geoyrong and Daesan observation stations on the Nam River and the water quality based on automatic monitoring at the Chilseo station on the Nakdong River was affected strongly by the Nakdong River and partly by the Nam River.
지류의 수질이 금호강 본류의 수질에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
양득석 ( Duk Seok Yang ),배헌균 ( Hun Kyun Bae ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.10
In this study, how branches of Kumho River affect to the water quality on Kumho River was investigated. Water samples from six sampling points at Kumho River and three at each branch were taken from Dec. 2009 to Dec. 2011. As results, Namcheon affected BOD and T-P concentrations on Kumho River while Sincheon did only T-P concentrations. However, the water quality of Kumho River was improved because of Sincheon in terms of BOD and COD concentrations. This was the results from management of Sincheon wastewater treatment facility and Jisan wastewater treatment facility which might be the best example for managing wastewater treatment facilities. Dalsecheon would not affect the water quality of Kumho River although it had bad conditions of water quality because of lack of its water quantity comparing to Kumho River`s.
경북 지역의 지하수 수질에 관한 연구 3 : 용도별 지하수 수질의 특성 The Characterisrics of Groundwater by Used Types
한성욱,양득석,김복조 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.5 No.1(B)
We investigated the contamination of groundwater in Gyeongbuk region about 180 points by used types and by rock types. From the view point of used types, the obtained results were as follows; The concentration of nitrate nitrogen was highest for agriculture used as 5.3mg/l and was medium for life used as 4.2mg/l while faculty used was lowest as 1.8mg/l. In case of chloride ion, the concentration was highest for agriculture use as 39.9mg/l and was medium for faculty used as 34.8mg/l, while life used was lowest as 23.5mg/l. In case of 359mg/l. In case of the concentration of pH and COD, it showed that the relationship with used types was not so good.
김신,양득석,안정민,이혜윤,김범,박수정,김용석 한국환경분석학회 2019 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.22 No.1
To carry out a contamination assessment of trace metals in surface sediments from the Nakdong river main stream, surface sediments were collected at 15 sites and analyzed for trace metal content and grain size. The zinc, chromium and nickel (SH-01, SH-13) levels were characterized as “heavily polluted”, nickel and cadmium (SH-01) were categorized as “SEL” and nickel (SH-01) was determined to be at III level when compared with sediment quality guidelines (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Ontario Ministry of Canada, and National Institute Environmental Research of Korea). The enrichment factor and index of geo-accumulation results show that SH-01 has the highest level of anthropogenic contamination. In addition, according to the PLI, trace metals contamination was high at SH-01 (1.84) and SH-13 (1.07). The sediment from SH-01 was composed of comparatively coarse sediments compared to other sites but the metal contents were high, which is considered to be less related to grain size and more related to contamination by trace metals. The highest level of contamination (SH-01) in the study area is thought be due to the effect of mine tailings leaking in abandoned mines.