춘계학술대회 : 지상발표부 ; 의화의대 : Malignant Angioendothelioma 1예

안화영,함정희 대한피부과학회 1983 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.35 No.1

Changes of Nodular Size and Its Risk Factors in Iodine-Sufficient Area: a Retrospective Cohort Analysis of 7753 Thyroid Nodules

안화영,김경원,최훈성,문재훈,이가희,현민경,강민주,심정임,이자연,박도준,박영주 대한갑상선학회 2020 International Journal of Thyroidology Vol.13 No.2

Background and Objectives: Iodine is known to be an important factor in the occurrence of goiter, and SouthKorea is a region with sufficient iodine supplementation. In this regard, we checked the size change of thyroidnodules found by health check-up in Koreans and examined which risk factors influence the size change. Materialsand Methods: A total 7753 subjects who underwent thyroid sonography two or more times were included. Wedefined that there was a change in the size of the nodule when the difference in diameter identified in the lastultrasound was more than 3 mm. Results: Thyroid nodules were decreased in 895 subjects (11.5%) and increasedin 1041 subjects (13.5%). The rate of increased nodule was on an increasing trend according to the duration(annual percent change 2.6%, p<0.001). In contrast, the rate of decreased nodule was unchanged. Predictivefactors related to decrease of the nodule size were young age, male sex, larger initial nodule size and thyroiditis. Similarly, young age, larger initial nodule size and diffuse parenchymal abnormality were significant predictivefactors for increased nodules. However, diffuse parenchymal abnormality was not a predictive factor when weanalyzed only thyroid nodules larger than 1 cm. Conclusion: In our study, 11.5-13.5% of benign thyroid noduleswere increased or decreased during median 27 months of follow-up in iodine sufficient condition. Young age,larger initial size and diffuse parenchymal abnormality were common predictive factor affecting both the increaseand decrease of thyroid nodules.

다발성 Bowen병

안화영,함정희 임상약학사 1989 臨床藥學 Vol.9 No.11

갑상선호르몬이 담즙수송체인 Bile Salt Export Pump 발현에 미치는 영향

안화영,이관재,김순희,김은기,강아름,임정아,윤지완,김경원,박도준,조보연,박영주 대한내분비학회 2011 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.26 No.3

Background: Bile acids were important for the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis. Thyroid hormone increased the expression of CYP7A1 (cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase), catalyzing the first step in the biosynthesis of bile acids. However, the effect of thyroid hormone on bile acid export has not been previously assessed. The principal objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of thyroid hormone on the bile salt export pump (BSEP). Methods: Thyroid hormone, T3 (1 mg/g) was administered to male mice via intraperitoneal injection. After 6 hours and 5 days of T3treatment, we measured serum total and LDL cholesterol and hepatobiliary bile acid concentrations. We assessed the changes associated with bile acid synthesis and transport. In order to evaluate the direct effect of thyroid hormone, we assessed the changes in the levels of BSEP protein after T3 administration in human hepatoma cells. Results: Serum total and LDL cholesterol were reduced and hepatobiliary bile acid concentrations were increased following T3treatment. Expressions of Cyp7a1 and BSEP mRNA were increased following T3 treatment. The levels of the BSEP protein in the mouse liver as well as in the human hepatoma cells were increased after T3 treatment.Conclusion: Thyroid hormone can regulate LDL cholesterol metabolism. It increases bile acid synthesis and the excretion of bile acids via increased BSEP expression.

Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease during Pregnancy and Postpartum: 2023 Revised Korean Thyroid Association Guidelines

안화영,이가희 대한내분비학회 2023 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.38 No.3

Thyroid hormone plays a critical role in fetal growth and development, and thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is associated with several adverse outcomes, such as miscarriage and preterm birth. In this review, we introduce and explain three major changes in the revised Korean Thyroid Association (KTA) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy: first, the normal range of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) during pregnancy; second, the treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism; and third, the management of euthyroid pregnant women with positive thyroid autoantibodies. The revised KTA guidelines adopt 4.0 mIU/L as the upper limit of TSH in the first trimester. A TSH level between 4.0 and 10.0 mIU/L, combined with free thyroxine (T4) within the normal range, is defined as subclinical hypothyroidism, and a TSH level over 10 mIU/L is defined as overt hypothyroidism regardless of the free T4 level. Levothyroxine treatment is recommended when the TSH level is higher than 4 mIU/L in subclinical hypothyroidism, regardless of thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity. However, thyroid hormone therapy to prevent miscarriage is not recommended in thyroid autoantibody-positive women with normal thyroid function.

‘살아남은 자’의 편지를 수신하기: 홍희담 「그대에게 보내는 편지」에 나타난 역사적 트라우마의 공유 가능성

안화영 전남대학교 5.18연구소 2023 민주주의와 인권 Vol.23 No.2

This paper examines the way Hong Hee-dam's novel 「A Letter to You」(그대에게 보내는 편지) responds to ‘Historical Trauma’. State violence presently remains an unfinished trauma, and sharing the trauma still is a social challenge. The Gwangju Uprising is no exception. 「A Letter to You」(그대에게 보내는 편지) is a novel about the process of a character named Young-bin moving towards the trauma of survivors. The letters from survivors are both testimony and distress call to the ‘outside’ of the incident. By receiving and reading the letter, Young-bin looks into the ‘inside’ of the incident, but at the same time realizes that s/he can only read it and cannot enter the incident. However, this sense of distance from the event is rather a starting point. One can move toward the ‘inside’ only when realizing that s/he is located ‘outside.’ Furthermore, the novel make readers aware of their position. The novel represent neither the incident itself, nor the letter testifying it, so that readers are blocked from the letter Young-bin is reading. The reader finds oneself as the ‘outsider’ to Young-bin's experience as well. In the novel, Young-bin, as the letter carrier, constantly approaches the survivors without belonging to either the inside/outside or the participant/non-participant. This can be understood as a ‘listener’ of historical trauma, as Dori Laub said, that is, as a person who partakes of the journey of testimony next to survivors. The novel asks the reader realize that s/he has not yet received the ‘letter’, and s/he has to respond to the voices of the survivors by receiving it.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Small Foci of Anaplastic Transformation

안화영,정경천,박도준,박영주,조보연 대한갑상선학회 2017 International Journal of Thyroidology Vol.10 No.2

Background and Objectives: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is commonly related with concurrent differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). We aimed to examine the clinicopathologic characteristics, prognosis and gene expression of DTC with anaplastic foci. Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients with DTC with anaplastic foci were enrolled in this study. To compare the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of anaplastic foci subjects with conventional ATC or DTC, we additionally included 12 ATC and 1030 DTC patients who diagnosed during same period. Immunohistochemistry was performed to check the gene expression in anaplastic foci and DTC component. Results: In anaplastic foci group, tumor size was larger (2.5±1.3 vs. 1.2±0.9 cm, p=0.001), distant metastasis was more frequent (11.1 vs. 0%, p=0.000) and 1-year survival rate was low (88.9 vs. 100%, p=0.000) than DTC group. In contrast, compared with ATC group, anaplastic foci group showed younger age at diagnosis (50±16 vs. 63±18 years, p=0.039), smaller tumor size (2.5±1.3 vs. 3.8±1.4 cm, p=0.027), less distant metastasis (11.1 vs. 41.7%, p=0.084) and longer 1-year survival rate (88.9 vs. 25.0%, p=0.001). Expression of p53 protein was observed in 100% of anaplastic foci, ATC and 12.5% of papillary thyroid carcinoma component. Conclusion: DTC with foci of anaplastic transformation has a worse prognosis than DTC, but a better prognosis than ATC. Our results support that DTC with anaplastic foci was intermediate state from DTC to ATC.

추계학술대회 : 구연부 ; H1 및 H2 수용체 차단제와 β2 아드레날린성 수용체 흥분제가 피부 히스타민반응에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

안화영,명기범,국홍일 대한피부과학회 1983 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.35 No.2

Six-Box Model을 이용한 일개대학 부속 한방병원의 조직진단과 직무만족, 조직몰입에 미치는 영향

안화영,권성복 보건의료산업학회 2018 보건의료산업학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to present basic data on organizational changes in a Korean medicine hospital by performing organizational diagnosis and examining the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of the hospital. Methods : The subjects were a total of 218 employees in four Korean medicine hospitals, and data were collected from 1st to 25th September 2015. Using SPSS 21.0, frequency analysis, technical statistical analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results : The Korean medicine hospital tended to value relationships, the rewards for and attitudes towards change were low. The number of participants in this study with higher organizational diagnosis scores was high for job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and there was a strong positive correlation. It was seen that rewards, relationship, helpful mechanisms, and leadership among organizational diagnosis areas had an effect on job satisfaction, and helpful mechanisms, purposes, and leadership had an effect on organizational commitment. Conclusions : These findings will be useful because policies, research, and education are needed to facilitate organizational changes in Korean medicine hospitals.

비만과 갑상선결절의 역학

안화영 대한갑상선학회 2017 International Journal of Thyroidology Vol.10 No.1

Recently, the incidence of thyroid nodule has been rising due to the usage of ultrasonography in health check-up. Also, modern society is faced with increasing rates of obesity by sedentary life style and high caloric intake. Obesity is closely related to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance leads to hyperinsulinemia, increased insulin-like growth factor 1 and alteration of adipocytokine level. These factors not only have a role in metabolic regulation, but they also have mitogenic effect in cell proliferation. Epidemiologic and clinical evidence about the association between obesity and thyroid nodule are reviewed in this section.