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김영균,김기환,안창혁,임근우,박우찬,송병주,정상설,김정수,장은덕<SUP>1<.SUP>,이은정<SUP>1<.SUP>,Young Kyun Kim,M.D.,Kee Hwan Kim,M.D.,Chang Hyeok Ahn,M.D.,Keun Woo Lim,M.D.,Woo Chan Park,M.D.,Byung Joo Song,M.D.,Sang Seol Jung,M.D. 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2006 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.6 No.2
Anaplastic thryoid carcinomas are very aggressive and lethal solid tumors; they sometimes show microscopic vascular invasions, but they rarely result in tumor thrombus in the internal jugular vein or in the other great veins of the neck. We encountered a 64-year-old woman with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and a tumor thrombus that extended from the Lt. internal jugular vein to the innominate vein. Palliative total thyroidectomy, modified radical neck dissection and segmental resection of the Lt. internal jugular vein were done, along with removal of the intravascular tumor thrombus. We recommended postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but the patient refused additional treatments. We report here on this case for which we first experienced anaplastic thryoid carcinoma associated with tumor thrombus of the internal jugular vein. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2006;6:102-105)
조항주(Hang Joo Cho),안창혁(Chang Hyeok Ahn),김지일(Ji Il Kim),김기환(Kee Hwan Kim),배자성(Ja Seong Bae),박우찬(Woo Chan Park),송병주(Byung Ju Song),정상설(Sang Seol Jung),김정수(Jeong Soo Kim) 대한외과학회 2007 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.72 No.6
Purpose: The methylation of tumor suppressor genes has been implicated in the development of breast cancer. However, the role of methylation in the progression of cancer is still unclear. In this study, the methylation stati of nine tumor suppressor genes (p14, p16, DAPK, E-cadherin, RASSF1α, TWIST, RARβ, HIN-1, cyclin D2) in normal, benign, DCIS and invasive cancer tissues were examined, and the methylation patterns in DCIS and hypermethylated genes investigated to see if a change in the methylation status would lead to the development of cancer and progression to an invasive tumor. Methods: A total of 96 patients, who underwent surgery between March 2003 and March 2005, were retrospectively studied. DNA was extracted from tumor tissues, and the samples examined for aberrant hypermethylation using methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Results: The total number of methylated genes in each tissue type (normal tissues; 2.97±1.74, benign tumors; 4.36 ±1.42, DCIS; 5.73±1.35, invasive cancers; 5.42±2.05) increased with tumor progression (P<0.001). In benign tumors, HIN-1 (83%) was the most frequently methylated gene, but in DCIS, p14 (100%), RASSF (100%) and TWIST (91%) were frequently methylated. In invasive cancer, RAR β (60%) and p16 (37%) were frequently methylated compared to the other tissue types. In a multivariate study, TWIST was commonly hypermethylated in DCIS and invasive cancer; whereas, RARβ and p14 were frequently independently hypermethylated in invasive cancers. Conclusion: Methylation induced gene silencing appears to affect multiple genes in breast tissues, which increases with cancer progression. TWIST was hypermethylated in both DCIS and invasive cancers; therefore, it was concluded that methylation of the TWIST promoter may be an early event in the development of breast cancer. The hypermethylations of RARβ and p16 are useful marker for the progression of a DCIS lesion to invasive cancer. The methylation patterns of tumor suppressor genes in DCIS were similar to those found in invasive cancer, but also showed intermediate levels of methylation between benign tumors and invasive cancers.