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안정철 원광대학교 동양학연구소 2007 東洋學硏究 Vol.3 No.
『修心正經』은 그 배경이 宋末 鄭思肖의 『太極祭鍊內法』으로부터 시작하여, 구한말 이옥포의 『靈寶局定靜篇』, 『正心要訣』, 이어 圓佛敎 최초의 교서인 『修養硏究要論』의 『定靜要論』, 그리고 정산종사의 『修心正經』, 그리고 원불교 『坐禪法』과 『丹田住禪』에 이르기까지 고금의 내단수련과 연속성을 지니고 있으며, 특히 『수심정경』의 母本이 되는 『正心要訣』과 같은 내단서들이 구한말 민중들의 삶에 영향을 미쳤던 신흥종교들의 종교적 가르침 속에 그대로 살아있음을 발견하게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 『修心正經』에 대한 이해와 『修心正經』의 내단사상 그리고 『修心正經』의 내용이 수용되어진 '圓佛敎 丹田住禪법'과 그 내단수련 방법에 대한 연구를 해보고자 한다. 『Soo Shim Jeong Gyeong(修心正經)』 began by background of 『Tae kuk jae ryun nae bub(太極祭鍊內法)』 written by Jeong sa cho(鄭思肖, later Song dynasty), and went on 『Young bo kuk jeong pyun(靈寶局定靜篇)』, 『Jeong sim yo kyul(正心要訣)』 written by Lee ohk po(李玉圃), later chosun dynasty) up to 『Soo Shim Jeong Gyeong(修心正經)』 written by 『Jeong san jong sa(鼎山宗師)』 and Won buddhism's 『Joa sun bub(坐禪法)』 & 『Resting in the Elixir Field method(丹田住禪)』. All of these have Training of Nei-Dan and continuity of andence and modem times. I found especially 『Jeong sim yo kyul(正心要訣)』 a kind of book of Nei-dan which based on 『Soo Shim Jeong Gyeong(修心正經)』 really affected later cho-sun's New born religions' instructions which affected that time of people's life. In this paper, I want to study understanding of 『Soo Shim Jeong Gyeong(修心正經)』, Nei-Dan theory of 『Soo Shim Jeong Gyeong(修心正經)』, 'Won-Buddhism's Resting in the Elixir Field method' which accepted 『Soo Shim Jeong Gyeong(修心正經)』 and method of Training of Nei-Dan.
안정철,이은정,홍익표 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.47 No.-
Artificially spheroidized natural graphite (SNG) was processed to obtain expanded graphite and graphenenanoplatelets using GIC (graphite intercalation compound)-assisted exfoliation process. Sulfuric acid andhydrogen peroxide were used as the intercalant and oxidant for the GIC formation, respectively. SNG wassuccessfully converted into both expanded graphite and graphene nanoplatelets. Degree of exfoliation ofthe produced graphene nanoplatelets was found to be proportional to the average diameter of startingmaterials. Graphene nanoplatelets prepared from SNG with average diameter of 50 mm were analyzed tohave the averaged lateral size of 45.4 mm at the thickness of ca. 5 nm.
완전평형 전류 적분기를 이용한 3V CMOS 연속시간 필터 설계
안정철,유영규,최석우,김동용,윤창훈,An, Jeong-Cheol,Yu, Yeong-Gyu,Choe, Seok-U,Kim, Dong-Yong,Yun, Chang-Hun 대한전자공학회 2000 電子工學會論文誌-SC (System and control) Vol.37 No.4
본 논문에서는 완전평형 전류 적분기를 이용하여 저전압 구동이 가능하고 고주파수 응용이 가능한 연속시간 필터를 설계하였다. 적분기 회로의 평형 구조 특성 때문에 짝수 차수의 고조파 성분들이 제거되고, 입력 신호 범위가 2배가되어 제안된 필터는 개선된 잡음 특성과 넓은 동적범위를 갖는다. 또한 상보형 전류미러를 이용하기 때문에 바이어스 회로가 간단하고 필터의 차단주파수는 단일 바이어스 전류원에 의해 간단히 제어할 수 있다. 설계의 예로 3차 버터워스 저역통과 필터를 개구리도약법으로 구현하였고, 제안된 완전평형 전류모드 필터는 0.65㎛ CMOS n-well 공정 파라미터를 이용하여 SPICE 시뮬레이션한 후 필터의 특성을 검토하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 3V의 공급 전압에서 50㎒의 차단주파수, 1%의 THD에서 69㏈의 동적 범위를 갖고, 전력소모는 4㎽이다. In this paper, a continuous-time filter for low voltage and high frequency applications using fully-balanced current integrators is presented. As the balanced structure of integrator circuits, the designed filter has improved noise characteristics and wide dynamic range since even-order harmonics are cancelled and the input signal range is doubled. Using complementary current mirrors, bias circuits are simplified and the cutoff frequency of filters can be controlled easily by a single DC bias current. As a design example, the 3rd-order lowpass Butterworth filter with a leapfrog realization is designed. The designed fully-balanced current-mode filter is simulated and examined by SPICE using 0.65${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS n-well process parameters. The simulation results show 50MHz cutoff frequency, 69㏈ dynamic range with 1% total harmonic distortion(THD), and 4㎽ power dissipation with a 3V supply voltage.
안정철,최석우,윤창훈 대한전자공학회 1997 電子工學會論文誌, C Vol.c34 No.11
In this paper, a design of current-mode continuous-time filters for low voltage and high frequency applictions using complementary bipolar current mirror paris is presented. The proposed current-mode filters consist of simple bipolar current mirrors and capacitors and are quite suitable for monolithic integrtion. Since the design method of the proposed curent-mode filters is based on the integrator type of realization, it can be used for a wide range of applications. And the cutoff frequency of th efilters can be easily changed by the DC cntrolling current. As design examples, the 5th order butterworth filters are designed by cascade and leapfrog methods with tunable cutoff frequencies from 30MHz to 100MHz. The characteristics of the designed current mode filters are simulated and examined by SPICE using standard bipolar transistor parameters.