이홍주(李泓周)의 ‘도덕관’ 분석 - 그의 “良心의 威力”(1922)을 중심으로

안수강(Su-Kang Ahn) 한국기독교학회 2020 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.116 No.-

이 연구의 목적은 이홍주의 저작 “良心의 威力”(1922)을 통해 그의 도덕관에 대한 논점을 분석하려는 데 있다. 그는 고린도후서 1장 12절을 성경 본문으로 정하여 이 글을 작성했다. “우리가 세상에서 특별히 너희에 대하여 하나님의 거룩함과 진실함으로 행하되 육체의 지혜로 하지 아니하고 하나님의 은혜로 행함은 우리 양심이 증언하는 바니 이것이 우리의 자랑이라.” 이홍주의 도덕성에 대한 핵심적인 관점은 단지 “良心의 威力”에서 발견할 수 있고, 이 글은 일제강점기인 1922년 7월에 발행된 『宗敎界諸名士講演集』에 수록되어 있다. 이 연구에서 이홍주의 ‘도덕관’에 나타난 의미심장한 담론들을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 보편적 사고에 근거한 도덕성의 전환적 속성(轉換的 屬性)과 도덕성의 반동적 속성(反動的 屬性, 抵抗的 屬性) 등에 대해 고찰했다. 둘째, <인간 마음의 타락-하나님의 신성한 의지-인간 마음의 전환>의 상호 유기적인 서정, 인간의 타락한 지혜와 하나님의 의지 그리고 이홍주의 한국 그리스도인들을 향한 간절한 호소 등을 다루었다. 부연하여, 본 연구자는 향후 이홍주와 관련된 담론이 더욱 확장되어 ‘그의 생애와 사상’, ‘그의 대영성서공회에서의 사역’, ‘그의 기독교 윤리관’ 등 다양한 연구주제로 연계될 수 있기를 기대한다. This research aims to analyze Hong-Ju Lee’s view of morality in his “The Power of Conscience”(1922). This text is based on 2Corinthians 1:12. “For our proud confidence is this, the testimony of our conscience, that in holiness and godly sincerity, not in fleshly wisdom but in the grace of God, we have conducted ourselves in the world, and especially toward you.” Lee’s fundamental view of morality is based solely on his work “The Power of Conscience” published in Jonggyogyeoi Jemyeongsa Gangyeonjip published in July 1922 during the Japanese colonial period. The discourses of Hong-Ju Lee’s view of morality as presented in this study can be summarized as follows: First, I attempted to study the transitional attribute of morality and the reactionary attribute of morality (the resistant attribute of morality) on the basis of his universal idea. Second, I treated the mutual organic order of ‘depravity of human heart-God’s will-change of human heart,’ the corrupted wisdom of humanity and the will of God, and Lee’s ardent appeal to Korean Christians, and so on. In addition, I suggest future extensions of this study into other discourses on him such as ‘his life and thoughts’, ‘his works for Korean Bible Society’, ‘his view of Christian ethics’, and so forth.

이용도의 신비주의 고찰: 합일사상(合一思想)을 중심으로

안수강 ( Su Kang Ahn ) 한국복음주의역사신학회 2008 역사신학 논총 Vol.16 No.-

신사참배 회개론의 유형별 연구

안수강 ( Su Kang Ahn ) 한국개혁신학회 2014 한국개혁신학 Vol.42 No.-

The object of this study is to investigate the outline of the various types of Shinto shrine worshipers, and to examine the process of the confession of shame and guilty conscience, and to find ways to recover true church. In 1930s, Japanese imperial ideology which was the main thought of the colonial religion policies forced Korean Churches to carry out Shinto shrine worship. Shintoism was obviously a religious matter because it was the violation of the first and second commandments among the Ten Commandments God commanded Moses at Mount Sinai. The pressure of Shinto shrine worship upon Korean Churches caused different perspectives among Korean Christians over how to respond to the Japanese arm-twisting policy. The confliction of Korean church denominations continued even after the liberation and put the brakes on the rebuilding the church. The result of Korean Church`s Shinto shrine worship caused the intractable problem, the matter of repentance after the liberation. Especially, the confliction of Korean church denominations about the matter of repentance emerged to be the most serious problem to solve in the Presbyterian denomination. Shinto shrine had brought out continuous tension and opposition and the Korean Presbyterian Church was gone into disorganization. As a result, three repentance types appeared after Korea was liberated from Japan in 1945: ‘inward repentance’, ‘relativism’, and ‘public repentance’. ① The type of ‘inward repentance’ aims individual private repentance before God compared with the public repentance. ② The type of ‘relativism’ emphasizes temporal situation and reflects the personal private position, specific action, and role performance on the basis of the theory of historical interpretation and religious pragmatism. ③ The type of ‘public repentance’ highlights the public repentance before God and all the Christians according to the canon law of the penitential discipline compared with inward repentance and relativism. Today, what should we do to recover the true church? ① Achieving one church through the public repentance: The foundation of unity is on the nature of the church itself. But Shinto shrine worship caused severe conflicts among the churches. Today, the absolute apostolic faith and tradition to achieve essential one church is to practice public repentance before God from the bottom of the broken heart. ② Recovering the penitential discipline as the mark of the true church: Shinto shrine worship caused a great crisis in the penitential discipline in Korean Church. The lost of the penitential discipline in the church debilitated the Christian piety, resulting in the spiritual incompetency of Korean Church. Today, the earnest work to recover the true church is to practice the penitential discipline in the field of ministry according to Christ`s institution. ③ Efforts to pursue the holiness and forgiveness of the church: The imperfect holiness of the church does not justify schism, but affords occasion for the exercise within it of the forgiveness of sins(J. Calvin). Today, Korean Church should try to pursue the sanctification and forgiveness of the church in order to overcome the aspects of the imperfect holiness.

일제 강점기 기독교의 인권론 및 현재적 함의: 기독교청년회 기관지 「靑年」 (1921-1940)과 기독면 려회 기관지 「眞生」 (1925-1930)을 중심으로

안수강 ( Ahn Su Kang ) 아신대학교 신학연구소 2024 ACTS 신학저널 Vol.62 No.-

The aim of this study is to analyze and interpret such topics as < human rights of fetuses and children: promoting the dignity of life and gender >, < women’s human rights: boosting women’s position and education >, < youth human rights: fair human resources development and social advancement guarantee > in YMCA’s Periodical “The Young Man”(1921- 1940) and CE’s Periodical “Chin Saing”(1925-1930). Firstly, in relation to < human rights of fetuses and children: promoting the dignity of life and gender >, the author dealt with fetal sex prediction and medical alteration of fetal sex, abortion, the balance of gender between men and women, proper gender education, matters of sexual hygiene, moral consideration, variety of sexual illnesses, the pursuit of healthy sexual culture, and so on. Secondly, in relation to < women’s human rights: boosting women’s position and education >, the author focused on gender equality, abolition of traditional early marriages, a marriage that respects children’s will, the promotion of women’s education, education of women in poverty, cooperation and healthy friendship between men and women, and so on. Thirdly, in relation to < youth human rights: fair human resources development and social advancement guarantee >, the author treated with the employment of human resources, development of potential capabilities, job choice, social improvement by youth, calling, advancement to higher schools and social studies, and so on. Fourthly, on the basis of the core points of this study the author proposed establishment of biblical ethics in relation to the life of the fetus, a moderate women’s movement supported by men, and establishment of institutional arrangements for fostering young people and guaranteeing career paths to today’s Korean Christians.

이범진(李汎鎭)의 금전윤리관과 현재적 함의 -그의 “人生의 金錢觀”(1921)을 중심으로

안수강 ( Ahn¸ Su-kang ) 한국기독교사회윤리학회 2021 기독교사회윤리 Vol.49 No.-

This study aims to analyze Beom-Jin Lee’s ethical view of money and its present implications, focusing on his “Human View of Money”(1921). This text is based on Luke 12:15. Lee’s important ethical view of money is based on his rare and precious work “Human View of Money” published in Sermons by One Hundred Pastors & Teachers Vol. 1(1921). The important points of Beom-Jin Lee’s ethical view of money and its present implications could be summarized as follows: Firstly, I analysed Lee’s idea of triple viewpoint such as public ethical view of money, great man’s ethical view of money, Christian ethical view of money, and so forth. Secondly, on the basis of Lee’s confession, I concentrated on practical paradigms for motivational ethics, good use of money as an effective means, young people’s stewardship and calling, the responsibility to return profits to society, and so on. I am looking forward to future extensions of this research into Beom-Jin Lee’s other thoughts such as educational activities, youth movement, journalistic activities, meeting of Iugurakbu(以友俱樂部), and so forth.

이기풍(李基豊) 목사의 성화담론 분석 - 그의 “新造의 人”(1922)을 중심으로

안수강(Ahn, Su-Kang) 한국기독교사회윤리학회 2020 기독교사회윤리 Vol.46 No.-

이 연구의 목적은 이기풍(李基豊) 목사의 저작 “新造의 人”을 통해 그의 성화담론을 분석하려는 데 있다. 그는 에베소서 4장 22절부터 24절까지를 본문말씀으로 선정하여 이 글을 작성했다. 이기풍의 성화에 관한 관점은 단지 “新造의 人”에서 발견할 수 있고 1922년 일제강점기에 간행된 『宗敎界諸名士講演集』에 게재되었다. 이기풍의 성화담론에 나타난 핵심적인 개념들을 정리하면 아래와 같다. 첫째, <① 법정적 심판→ ② 인간의 타락과 부패→ ③ 예수 그리스도의대선지자직→ ④ 신조의 사람>의 조직화된 구도에 초점을 맞추어 이기풍의 극적인 논증으로서의 성화의 서정(序程)에 대해 설명했다. 둘째, 에베소서 4장 22절부터 24절까지의 말씀에 기초하여 그가 논한 새롭게 지으심을 받은 사람(‘새 사람’, καινός)의 개념을 다루었으며, ‘내연’(內燃)으로서의 다섯 가지 요소와 ‘외연’(外延)으로서의 다섯 가지 열매라는 실천적 패러다임을 정하고 이 점에 역점을 두어 고찰했다. 그는 이 다섯 가지 산물과 다섯 가지 열매의 상호 조화에 대해심층 강조점을 두었다. 부연하여, 본 연구자는 향후 이기풍 목사의 성화담론과관련된 연구가 더욱 외연되어 이 주제의 연장선상에서 ‘그의 신앙과 성화’, ‘그의가르침과 성화’, ‘그의 헌신적인 삶과 성화’ 등 다양한 연구주제로 연계되기를 바란다. This research analyzes Rev. Gi-Pung Lee’s discourses on sanctification in his “New Man”. This text is based on Ephesians 4:22-24. Lee’s view of sanctification is based solely on his work “New Man” published in Jonggyogyeoi Jemyeongsa Gangyeonjip(1922) during the Japanese colonial period. The key concepts of Gi-Pung Lee’s ‘Discourses on Sanctification’ could be summarized as follows: First, I attempted to study the order of sanctification based on his diagrammatic argument, focusing on the systematic structure of <① forensic judgment→② human’s fall and corruption→③ the high-prophetic office of Jesus Christ→④ new man>. Second, I treated with Lee’s view of the new(καινός) man based on Ephesians 4:22-24. I concentrated on practical paradigms for five elements as ‘internal combustion’ and five fruits as ‘external extension’. Lee laid great emphasis on the mutual consistency of five elements and five fruits. In addition, I suggest future extensions of this research into Rev. Gi-Pung Lee’s other discourses on sanctification such as ‘his faith and sanctification’, ‘his teaching and sanctification’, and ‘his devotional life and sanctification.’

일제강점기 기독면려회의 노선과 기독교윤리적 함의

안수강(Ahn, Su-Kang),이장형(Lee, Jang-Hyung) 한국기독교사회윤리학회 2019 기독교사회윤리 Vol.44 No.-

The purpose of this research is to analyze and reflect on the foundational ideology(idea) and line of ‘Christian Endeavor’ through the initial publication of The Chin Saing(True Life) published at Sept. 1925 and propose the implications of Christian ethics to contemporary days. First, this paper deals with the bibliographic information on the magazine. Second, the writings of Byeong-Seon Hong, Yun-Gyung Kim, Pil-Geun Chae, Dae-Seon Ahn, and Seong-Sik Jang are chosen and summarized Christian Endeavor. Each of these writing is distinctive, but common argument is as follows: the sudden-changed society is corrupt.; Christianity is embodied.; young Christian should be responsible for its crucial accountability and obligation.; and, to bring up these young people, Christian Endeavor should carry the ball. Lastly, this research proposes ethical implications to all Christians today: Christians should be very cautious of Mammonism caused by corruption and set up calling by God; Christians should settle our personality as a moral identity based on Christian world-view; and, Christian community should handle sincerely ethical accountability and single out young people continually to seek to transform society by training. 이 연구는 <眞生> 창간호(1925년 9월)를 분석하여 기독면려회의 창설 이념과 노선을 고찰하고 오늘날 기독청년들에게 기독교 윤리적 함의를 제시하려는 데 목적을 둔다. 제2장에서는 기관지 <眞生>에 대한 서지정보를 다루었으며 기독면려회와 직접적으로 연관되는 의미 있는 글들을 선별하여 소개함으로써 후속연구가 용이하도록 했다. 제3장에서는 홍병선, 김윤경, 채필근, 안대선, 장성식 등의 글을 선정하여 기독면려회에 관한 개요를 살펴보았다. 이 글들은 각기 특색이 있지만 공통적인 논점은 첫째, 급변하는 시대이자 사회가 부패했다는 점 둘째, 이러한 시대를 선도함으로써 기독교정신을 구현해야 한다는 점 셋째, 그 중추적인 책임과 의무가 기독청년들에게 주어져 있다는 점 넷째, 이러한 기독청년 일군들을 양성하기 위해 기독면려회가 적극 솔선해야 한다는 점 등이다. 제4장에서는 3장에서 다룬 내용을 중심으로 오늘날 기독교인들에게 주는 윤리적 함의를 제시했다. 첫째, 부패를 초래하는 맘몬이즘을 경계해야 하며 소명의식을 확립해야 한다. 둘째, 도덕적 주체자로서의 각 개인의 인격을 기독교세계관에 입각하여 정립해야 한다. 셋째, 기독교공동체에서 성실하게 윤리적 책무를 감당하고 꾸준히 청년들을 발탁하여 훈련시킴으로써 사회변화를 추구해나가야 한다.

한국 최초의 설교집 『百牧講演』과 『宗敎 界諸名士講演集』해제(解題)

안수강(Su-Kang Ahn) 신학과 실천학회 2024 신학과 복음 Vol.16 No.-

This paper aims to review the various literature informations and the important points of the first sermon collections in Korea, focusing on Sermons by One Hundred Pastors & Teachers(1921) and Jonggyogyeoi Jemyeongsa Gangyeonjip(1922). These books are the gemlike sermon collections by famous pastors and leaders of Christian group in the early 1920s. The central points of this study could be summarized as follows: Firstly, focusing on the crafty trick of Japanese cultural politics, the author introduces the historical background in which these literatures were published. Secondly, the author concentrates on review of Sermons by One Hundred Pastors & Teachers, focusing on the significance of publication of this literature and the discourses of 25 sermons. Thirdly, the author deals with review of Jonggyogyeoi Jemyeongsa Gangyeonjip, focusing on the significance of publication of this literature and the discourses of 20 sermons. Fourthly, on the basis of the significant content of this research, the author suggests the historical necessity and significance of the study of Korean Christian classical literatures.

테어스테겐(Gerhard Tersteegen)의 신학사상에 나타난 ‘이원론적 충돌의 구조’와 ‘일원론적 연계 구조’ 분석: “영적 서신들”과 “영적 화원(花園)”을 중심으로

안수강 ( Ahn Su Kang ) 한국교회사학회 2024 韓國敎會史學會誌 Vol.68 No.0

본 연구는 테어스테겐(Gerhard Tersteegen)의 저작들, “영적 서신들”과 “영적 화원(花園)”을 중심으로 그의 신학사상에 나타난 이원론적 충돌의 구조와 일원론적 연계 구조를 분석하려는 데 목적을 두었다. 이 문헌들에 나타난 핵심적인 논지들을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, ‘이원론적 충돌의 구조’와 관련하여 카르디아(καρδία)에 자리잡은 두 왕국 사이의 충돌, 붉은 것(그리스도의 피)과 검은 것(과거의 불쾌했던 경험들) 사이의 충돌, 감각적 체험(세속적인 쾌락)과 고난(십자가의 삶) 사이의 충돌 등의 논점들에 역점을 두어 숙고했다. 둘째, ‘일원론적 연계의 구조’와 관련하여 현세와 내세의 일원화, 하나님의 형상 회복으로서의 ‘생명의 책(예수님)→사본(그리스도인들)’의 구도(構圖), ‘육체적 죽음=영원적 출생’의 등식, 하나님의 초월적 속성과 내재적 속성 등에 주안점을 두어 논점들을 고찰했다. 본 연구자는 본 논문에서 천착한 논지들을 바탕으로 현하 그리스도인들에게 성화, 경건, 영성 등 실천적 함의를 제시했다. This study analyzes the structure of the dualistic conflicts and monolithic linkages in Tersteegen’s theology as expressed in “Spiritual Letters” and “Spiritual Flower Garden”. The key points in this consideration are as follows. Firstly, in relation to the schema of dualistic conflicts, I examined the conflicts between two concepts such as two kingdoms in cardia, one red(representing the blood of Christ) and the other black(the unpleasant experiences of the past), and sensual experience(secular pleasure) and hardship(the life of the Cross). Secondly, in relation to the schema of monolithic linkages, I focused on the unification of the present and the afterlife, the schema of ‘book of life(Jesus)→copy(Christian)’ as the restoration of imago Dei, the concept of ‘physical death=eternal birth’, and the transcendence and immanence of God. I suggest the practical implications based on the results of this study for today’s Christians, including the ideas of sanctification, piety, and spirituality.

『백목강연(百牧講演) 제1집』(1921)에 나타난 ‘그리스도인의 목표지향성과 은사’ 분석: 홍순탁(洪淳倬)과 이수선나(李壽善那)의 설교문을 중심으로

안수강 ( Ahn Su Kang ) 한국교회사학회 2022 韓國敎會史學會誌 Vol.63 No.-

This paper aims to analyze the views of “Christian goal orientation and spiritual gifts” in Sermons by One Hundred Pastors & Teachers(1921), focusing on the sermons of Sun-Tak Hong and Suseonna Lee, namely “Do only One Thing” and “What I Own,” respectively. The prominent points of “Christian goal orientation and spiritual gifts” in the two sermons could be summarized as follows. First, the author concentrates on Sun-Tak Hong’s views of “Christian goal orientation,” focusing on “production of significant achievements,” “stability and consistency of objectives,” “setting of objectives,” and so on. Second, the author deals with Suseonna Lee’s views of “spiritual gifts,” focusing on “power of faith,” “power of prayer,” “power of example,” “power of love,” “power of Holy Spirit,” and so on. Third, the author proposes practical missions to today’s Korean Christians on the basis of the significant content of this research such as “calling” and “efforts for cultural reform,” and so on.