질소 시비량이 삼백초 생육 및 성분함량에 미치는 영향

안병구,김수미,김종엽,김갑철,고도영,이창규,정성수,이진호 한국약용작물학회 2015 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.23 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the selected chemical properties of soils in Saururus chinensis Baill (Chinese lizard’s tail) cultivation fields to provide optimal fertilizer application rates and to examine the growth and pharmaco- consitituents of Saururus chinensis Baill as influenced by different amounts of nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications. Based on the results of selected soil chemical properties in 37 cultivation sites of the plant, soil pH, organic matter content, and exchangeable K+ concentration were lower than optimal values for cultivating general medicinal crops even though relatively high standard deviations were found in some of the values. At the harvesting stage of the plant aerial parts, soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), available P2O5, and exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ decreased as comparing with those before transplanting the plant, whereas the concentration of exchangeable K+ increased in the plot treated with N 100% and compost. Fresh weight of the plant aerial parts were highest, 492.5㎏/10, in the N 100% treatment plot. Correlation equation between N levels treated (X) and yield of the plant aerial parts (Y) presented as Y = −2.1609X2 + 30.082X + 344.12 (R2 = 0.7113) and the optimal rate of N fertilizer application for the plant was 6.6㎏/10a. Carbon concentrations in the plant were not different among the different N levels applied. N and K concentrations in the plant were highest in the plot of N 100% with compost applications, the highest P concentration was in N 100% plot, and the highest Ca and S concentrations were in N 200% plot. Quercetin and quercitrin were highest in the N 150% plot and tannin was highest in N 100% or N 100% with compost application plot.

Red pepper productivity and soil properties as affected by different intervals of side-dressing N and P applications in plastic film house

안병구,이진호,임가영,김갑철,정성수,전형권 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.47 No.3

Consecutive pepper cultivation in plastic film houses may lead to salt accumulation because pepper isconsidered a heavy nutrient feeder. For this reason, appropriate methods of fertilizer application should beestablished. Thus, we investigated the effect of different intervals of side-dressing N and K fertilizerapplications on soil and red pepper in a plastic film house. All the amounts of recommended compost andphosphorus fertilizer were applied as basal dressing. Cultivars of the pepper plant were Cheon-Ha-Dae-Se(CHDS) and NW-BiGaLim (NW-BGL). Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers were treated as side-dressing atdifferent intervals, 22 times in every 10 days, 15 times in every 15 days, and 11 times in every 20 days. Soil pHdecreased with decreasing the intervals of side-dressing applications, whereas electrical conductivity (EC)declined with the increasing fertilizer application intervals. In particular, EC value decreased by up to 75%with CHDS cultivar in the plot of 20 day-interval and with NW-BGL cultivar in the plot of 15 day-interval. The concentrations of available phosphorus in the soils increased with increasing the interval. Theconcentration of exchangeable K+ increased but exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+decreased in all the plots, exceptin the control plot. The concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in leaves of the pepper plants were lowestin the control plot. Potassium concentrations in the pepper leaves were high in the control plot and in the plotsof CHDS with 10 day-interval and NW-BGL with 15 day-interval. Red pepper productivity was high in theplots of 10- and 15 day-intervals for CHDS cultivar and 15- and 20 day-intervals for NW-BGL cultivar. Therefore, the 15 day-interval of side-dressing N and K applications was considered as an appropriate methodfor cultivating pepper plants and protecting soil in plastic film houses.

Long-term Investigation of Soil Chemical Properties in Paddy Fields Located in Different Topographic Areas of Jeonbuk Province

안병구,고도영,이창규,김진호,송영주,이진호 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.3

The aim of this study was to examine the selected soil chemical properties of paddy fields in different topographic areas to efficiently manage nutrient valances of the paddy fields in Jeonbuk Province. Three-hundred soil sampling sites in paddy fields were selected from the different topographic areas in Jeonbuk Province. The soil samples were collected every four years from 1999 to 2015. Soil pH and exchangeable K and Mg concentrations declined during the experimental periods. However, almost all the chemical properties were within the proper levels for paddy soil, except exchangeable Mg concentration. Distributed areas of the paddy fields with soil pH below 5.5 continuously increased, but the paddy fields with lower concentrations of soil organic matter and available P2O5 than the proper levels declined after 2007. In addition, the paddy fields with available SiO2 below the proper concentration decreased from 83.3% of the total paddy fields studied in 1999 to 61.0% of the total fields investigated in 2015. The paddy fields with lower exchangeable K and Mg than the proper levels increased after 2003 whereas the fields with lower exchangeable Ca concentration decreased. Dominant landform of coastal and plain areas was fluvio-marine plains that was distributed in 53.7% and 40.9%, respectively. Local valley and fans was a dominant landform of mountainous and middle-mountainous areas, which was 51.8% and 67.6%, respectively. Dominant soil textures distributed in coastal and plain areas were silty loam and loam. Those in mountainous and middle-mountainous areas were sandy loam and loam, respectively. Soil pH was relatively higher in coastal area and the comparatively higher content of soil organic matter was found in costal area than other areas. The concentrations of available P2O5, exchangeable Ca, and exchangeable Mg were generally higher in mountainous, coastal, plain areas, respectively, but available SiO2 and exchangeable K concentrations were not significantly different among the different topographic areas.

Investigation of Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Saemangeum Reclaimed Tidal Land in Korea

안병구,임연이,고도영,이창규,김진호,송영주,이진호 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the physical and chemical properties of soils in Saemangeum reclaimed lands. The investigated areas were total 5,020 ha which included 220 ha for Agricultural Life site, 2,450 ha for Tourism & Leisure site, 1,130 ha for Industrial & Research site, 820 ha for Bioenergy crop production site, and 400 ha for Rural City site. Soil samples consisting of the upper 20 cm from the surface were collected in every 200 m × 500 m of the each site in March and September, 2015. Particle size distribution of soils in the reclaimed land was 83.2% sand, 8.6% silt and 8.2% clay in average. Soil texture was distributed as 40.8% sandy soil, 35.5% loamy sand, and 19.7% sandy loam. Based on the investigation of soil chemical properties conducted in March, 2015, soil pH, electrical conductivity of a saturated soil paste extract (ECe), and exchangeable (Exch.) K+ and Mg2+ concentrations were higher than those of the optimum levels for upland soil, whereas soil organic matter content, available (Avail.) phosphate concentration, and Exch. Ca2+ concentration were lower than those of the optimum ranges. Depending on the results of the soil chemical properties measured in September, 2015, soil pH, ECe, and Exch. K+ concentration were higher than those of the optimum levels, but soil organic matter, Avail. phosphate, and Exch. Ca2+ concentration were lower than the optimum ranges. In addition, distribution of sodic soil ranged between 41.4% and 50.0%, and saline soils were from 16.4 to 31.8%. Soils with pH values above 7.0 increased from 15.3% in March to 35.2% in September. Soils with ECe values over 4.8 dS m-1 increased from 45.6% to 50.7%, whereas soils with the values below 2.0 dS m-1 decreased from 42.8% to 36.9%.

Applications of Nutrient-Controlling and Growth-Regulating Chemicals to Enhance Yield of Once-Over Harvest Red Pepper (Capsicum annuun L.)

안병구,김형국,김명준,이진호 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.4

The cultivation of once-over harvest pepper cultivars might be very valuable to Korean farmers who still depend on traditional hand-harvesting method. Thus, we conducted this experiment to obtain important information for enhancing the productivity of once-over harvest red pepper fruits by supplying several nutrient-controlling and growth-regulating chemicals, such as KH_2PO_4, SiO_2, and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon). Adequate fertilization was provided in each treatment plots. In this study, two once-over harvest pepper cultivars, Saengryeg No. 211 and 213 (SR 211 and SR 213), and one regular piecemeal harvest pepper cultivar, Kangryegdaetong (KRDT), were cultivated to evaluate the productivity of pepper fruit as affected by above chemicals. The distribution of macro- and micro-nutrients in pepper fruits among the cultivars were different in term of N, B, Cu, and Fe concentrations. In particular, the concentration of B in SR 213 was about 2 times higher than that in SR 211 and KRDT. However, overall red pepper productivity of SR 211 was markedly higher (2.91~3.38 Mg ha^-1) than that (1.68~2.37 Mg ha^-1) of SR 213. Also, the productivity of matured red pepper was significantly influenced by the treatments of KH_2PO_4, SiO_2, and ethephon. The yield indices for matured red pepper fruits were the highest with the treatment of KH_2PO_4 or SiO_2 with ethephon, which were 113~116% for SR 211 and 147~150% for SR 213. Thus, the applications of KH_2PO_4 or SiO_2 with ethephon would be suggested to enhance the productivity of matured red pepper fruit.

전북지역 과수원의 토양특성이 미생물 분포에 미치는 영향

안병구,김효진,한성수,이영한,이진호 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate impacts of soil properties on microbial distribution in Jeonbuk orchard fields. Soil samples were collected from 110 sites cultivated with different fruit plants. The population of aerobic bacteria and fungi and the content of soil microbial biomass carbon (C) were found to increase with increasing silt content in the soils. Different activity of dehydrogenase was not observed among the different textures of soil. Microbial distribution, amount of microbial biomass C, and dehydrogenase activity in the soils were not significantly different among the topographic sites. However, in pear and grape fruit plant fields,coliform group of bacteria was found in relatively higher population, 133.0x10^3 CFU g^-1 and 107.4x10^3 CFU g^-1, respectively. Microbial groups were simplified and their density was reduced with increasing the cultivation periods of fruit plants. The soil microbial distribution was proportionally correlated with some of soil properties such as soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM) content, and exchangeable Mg content; in particular,the population of Bacillus sp. was proportionally correlated with soil pH and exchangeable Mg content. The amounts of microbial biomass C and the dehydrogenase activity in the soils were significantly correlated with the contents of SOM and exchangeable Ca ion (p<0.01).

지형에 따른 전북지역 과수원 토양의 물리화학적 특성

안병구,이진호,하상건 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.5

This study looked into 110 sites of orchard fields to investigate the relationships between the physical and chemical properties of soils, including heavy metal contents, and the topographic characteristics of the fields in Jeonbuk province. The topographic distribution of orchard fields in Jeonbuk province was local valley and fans, hilly and mountains, mountain foot slopes, alluvial plains, diluvium, and fluvio-marine deposits. Forty-six percent (46%) of total orchard fields were located in the hilly and mountains. Soil texture of the local valley and fans was mostly sandy clay loam, and the soil texture of other topographical sites were varied. Bulk density, porosity, and soil hardness were not different among the various topographic sites. The content of plant available water was the highest (19.5%) in the sites of diluvium. Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC),and exchangeable Mg^2+ content were the highest in the sites of fluvio-marine deposits, whereas the contents of soil organic matter (SOM), available phosphorus, and exchangeable Ca^2+, K^+, and Na^+ were not significantly different among the topographic sites. Also, soil pH and SOM content were generally in optimal ranges for the fruit plants in the orchard fields, but other values were mostly higher than those in optimum. In addition, the contents of heavy metals were much lower than the levels of Soil Contamination Warning Standard.

Relationship between Selected Metal Concentrations in Korean Raspberry (Rubus coreanus) Plant and Different Chemical Fractions of the Metals in Soil

안병구,이장춘,한수곤,이진호 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.4

The applications of chemical fertilizers and various types of organic materials may cause heavy metal accumulation in soil. In this study, we conducted to investigate the relationship between the different chemical forms of heavy metals such as Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn retained in soil and the metal concentrations in Korean raspberry plant. Forty five soil samples were collected from 2 to 6 years old Korean raspberry cultivation fields (RCFs), Gochang, Korea, to determine total, exchangeable (1.0 M MgCl_2-extractable), DTPA-extractable metal contents. The leaves and fruits of raspberry plant were sampled at harvest stage. Total metal contents in soils ranged from 0.87 mg kg^-1 to 66.82 mg kg^-1.Exchangeable and DTPA-extractable metals ranged between 0.02 and 0.67 mg kg^-1 and between 0.05 mg kg^-1 and 7.07 mg kg^-1, respectively. The metal concentrations in the plant leaf and fruit determined on a dry-basis were between 1.30 mg kg^-1 and 38.82 mg kg^-1 and between 0.05 mg kg^-1 and 21.51 mg kg^-1, respectively, but Cd and Pb were not detected in the leaf. The total,exchangeable, and DTPA-extractable contents of the metal ions in soil were directly correlated one another, but the contents of different metals in the different fractions were inversely correlated in general. Most of total and DTPA-extractable metals in the soil were directly correlated with the contents of the same metals in the plant, whereas exchangeable metals in the soil were not statistically correlated with the same metals in plants. Thus, we concluded that the metal contents in the raspberry field soils were much lower thanthe levels of Soil Contamination Warning Standard (SCWS), and the plant metal concentrations were also less than the maximum permissible limits. The total and DTPA-extractable metals in the soil were closely related to the metal concentrations in the plant.

Impacts of Different Amounts of N, P, and K Fertilizer Applications on Growth of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense Related to Soil Properties

안병구,고도영,김효진,안민실,이진호,이예진 한국토양비료학회 2018 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.51 No.3

Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense is a perennial herb grown widely in Korea and also known as Korean thistle which is used in oriental medicine with various pharmacologic effects. This study was conducted to investigate the growth of Korean thistle and the changes of soil chemical properties in the thistle fields as influenced by different application levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers as N, P2O5, and K2O, and to determine the optimal application levels of N, P, and K fertilizers for cultivating the Korean thistle. The N, P, and K fertilizers were applied as 0 (0%), 0.5 (50%), 1.0 (100%), 1.5 (150%), and 2.0 (200%) times based on the level of N, P, and K treatments (N-P2O5-K2O = 61-70-72 kg ha-1) for conventional thistle cultivation. Selected chemical properties of soils at harvesting stage of the plant as compared to those before transplanting the plant are as follows: soil pH value and available P concentration decreased. Electrical conductivity (EC) value and N concentration with increasing the amounts of P application increased, but soil organic matter (SOM) content was not changed. In particular, the concentrations of exchangeable Mg were proportionally increased with increasing N applications. The plant uptake of N was increased up to 100% of the N application level, but it was decreased with over 150% of the N treatment level. On the other hand, P and K uptake were increased up to 100% of the P and K application levels, respectively, but the K uptake was not changed with over 150% of the K level. Based on productivity of the plant aerial part, we suggest that the optimal rates of N, P, and K fertilizer applications would be as N-P2O5-K2O = 87-52-81 kg ha-1. In addition, the concentrations of selected phytochemicals in the plant were also changed with the different fertilizations. Total flavonoid concentration in the plant was highest at 50% of the N application level and control K level. Total polyphenol concentration was highest at 50% of the N level and lowest at 200% of the K treatment level.

모바일 Ad-hoc 무선 센서 네트워크에서 안정된 경로의 Life-Time을 지원하기 위한 엔트로피 기반의 라우팅 프로토콜

안병구,이주상 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2008 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.8 No.1

본 논문에서는 모바일 ad-hoc 무선 센서 네트워크에서 안정된 경로의 설정 및 설정된 경로의 lifetime 을 효과적으로 지원하기 위한 엔트로피 기반의 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 라우팅 프로토콜의 기본 아이디어 및 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 모바일 노드들의 이동성 정보를 이용한 엔트로피 기반의 안정된 경로 설정. 둘째, 기존의 센서 네트워크는 주로 고정된 노드 환경에서 많은 연구가 되어 왔지만, 본 연구에서는 노드들의 이동성을 고려한 환경에서 연구가 이루어진다. 제안된 라우팅 프로토콜의 성능평가는 OPNET(Optimized Network Engineering Tool)을 사용한 시뮬레이션과 분석을 통하여 이루어졌다. 성능평가를 통하여 제안한 라우팅 프로토콜은 모바일 ad-hoc 무선 센서 네트워크 하에서 안정된 경로의 설정 및 경로의 lifetime을 효과적으로 증가 시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있다.