한국사람 손등피부신경의 분포 양상

안동춘,황규성,백두진,한승호,정호삼 대한체질인류학회 1999 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.12 No.1

한국사람 손등피부신경의 분포양상을 알아보기 위해 59구(남자 39, 여자 20)의 시체에서 113예(오른손 58/ 왼손 55)의 손등을 해부하여 관찰하였다. 분포유형은 노선경의 분포영역을 기준으로 자신경과의 분포 범위에 따라 구분하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 노신경과 자신경으로 이루어진 손등피부신경의 분포양상은 10가지 유형이 관찰되었다. 2. 노신경이 셋째손가락 노쪽절반까지, 자신경이 셋째손가락 자쪽절반까지 이르는 경우(제VIII형)가 33.9%로 가장 많이 관찰되었다. 3. 노신경과 자신경이 셋째손샅에서 혼재하는 경우로, 노신경이 넷째손가락 노쪽절반까지, 자신경이 셋째손가락 자쪽절반까지 이르는 경우(제III형)가 25.7%, 노신경이 셋째손가락까지, 자신경이 셋째손가락 자쪽절반까지 이르는 경우 (제VI형)가 11.0%였다. 4. 노신경과 자신경의 등쪽손가락신경이 셋째손샅에서 합쳐져 하나의 신경가지를 이루는 경우(제IV형)가 12.8%로 나타났다. 5. 두 신경이 둘째손샅과 셋째손샅에서 혼재하거나 둘째손샅에서 합쳐져 분포하는 제III, VI, IX, X, XI 형은 새롭게 관찰된 유형이었다. 6. 근육피부신경이 노신경을 대신하였던 경우는 4가지 유형으로 각각 1예씩 관찰되었다. 7. 손등피부신경의 분포양상을 성별 및 왼손과 오른손에 따라 비교한 결과 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 한국인의 손등피부신경은 노신경과 자신경이 셋째손가락 양쪽까지 이르는 경우가 가장 흔한 유형임을 알 수 있었다. In order to investigate the distribution patterns of the dorsal digital nerves of the radial and ulnar nerve in the Korean, authors dissect the 113 hands (right 58/left 55) of the 59 cadavers(39 males/20 females). The types were classified by the area of radial dorsal digital nerves and the ulnar digital nerves. The difference in the distribution pattern between males and females, right and left hands was analysed by x^(2)-test in the case presenting the prequency more than 10%. The results as follows; I. The ten types of the distribution patterns consisted of the radial and ulnar nerves were observed on the dorsum of the hands. 2. The case of the highest prequency was type VIII(33.9%), in which radial nerve supply the radial side of the 2½ of digits and ulnar nerve extends the ulnar side 2½ of digits. 3. In the cases of the both nerve mingling in the third digital web, the incidences in which the radial nerves extend to the radial half of ring finger and ulnar nerve to the ulnar half of middle finger(type III) were 25.7%, and that the radial nerves extend to the ulnar half of middle finger and ulnar nerve to the ulnar half of middle finger(type VI) were 11.0%. 4. Type IV as combined branch between the radial and the ulnar nerve extend to the third digital web was observed in the 12.8%. 5. The type III, VI, IX, X, XI showing the both nerves mingling in the third digital web and in the second digital web or combining in the second digital web were new observed in the Korean. 6. The musculocutaneous nerve replaces the superficial branch of the radial nerve in 4 cases. 7. There was no statistical difference in the distribution pattern between males and females, right and left hands. From the above results, it was suggested that the majority of the cases were that the ulnar digital nerves supplied the ulnar half of the middle finger in the Korean.

한국사람 손등 피부신경의 분포양상

안동춘,황규성,조원길,이관형,정호삼 대한체질인류학회 1998 대한체질인류학회 학술대회 연제 초록 Vol.41 No.-

절화장미 ‘옐로킹’ 수경재배 시 채화높이가 절화수량과 품질에 미치는 영향

안동춘,김진기,황주천,진영돈,이병정,정병룡 한국화훼학회 2015 화훼연구 Vol.23 No.2

절화장미 수경재배시 채화 높이가 절화수량과 품질에미치는 영향을 스프레이 절화장미 ‘옐로킹’을 모델작물로이용하여 2011년 4월 정식하여 11월까지 4회의 수확을통해 확인하였다. 단위면적당 절화수량(본/m2)은 채화 높이가 높아질수록 많았고 반대로 절화중과 상품률은 떨어졌는데 0과 1cm 높이는 수량과 품질면에 있어서 거의차이를 보이지 않았다. 절화중과 상품률도 0과 1cm 높이에서 수확하였을 때 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나3cm 이상 채화 높이가 높았을 경우 10g 정도로 0과1cm 높이 수확보다 떨어졌다. 상품수량은 0이나 3cm 높이 수확간에는 차이가 없었지만 5cm 높이 수확 시에는65.1본/m2으로 다른 처리에 비해 현저히 떨어져 5cm 이상으로 채화 높이를 높이는 것은 상품생산에 적절치 않은 것으로 판단된다. 동일한 식물체에서 발생하는 직경이 다른 신초를 일제히 같은 높이에서 수확한 결과 새로 발생하는 신초의 직경은 채화모지 직경에 비례하였다(Table 3). 채화모지 직경이 5mm 이하인 가지는 기부에서 수확을 한다 하더라도 상품률이 현저하게 떨어지고, 특히 블라인드지 발생률이 높았는데 이러한 경향은 채화높이가 높을수록 더 심해졌다. 결론적으로 절화장미는 기부로부터 3cm 높이 이내의 높이에서 수확하는 것이 적절하고 이 때 직경이 5mm 이하인 가는 가지는 발생위치에 따라서는 수확하는 것보다 적심을 통해 측지를 발생시킨 다음 절곡하여 엽면적 확보에 이용하는 것이 더적합할 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted to examine cut flower yield and quality response to cutting height at harvesting of Rosa hybrida ‘Yellow King’ grown hydroponically from March to November 2011 in an experimental glasshouse. As cutting height from the stem base was raised, cut flower yield expressed in number of stems per m2 cultivation area increased, while cut flower weight and percent marketable flowers decreased. However, there were no statistical differences in cut flower yield and quality, cut flower weight, and percent marketable flowers between the cutting heights of 0 (base) and 1 cm from the stem base. The cut flower weight decreased by about 10 g when the cutting height was 3 or 5 cm as compared to the 0 or 1 cm cutting height. Marketable flower yield was not significantly different among the cut heights of 0, 1, and 3 cm, while it remarkably decreased to 65.1 stems per m2 cultivation area in the 5 cm cutting height. The mean diameter of shoots harvested from the same plant after cutting at the same height was proportional to that of the mother stem or the stem from which the harvested shoots were grown out. Thin shoots which have smaller than 5 mm diameter resulted in low percent marketable flowers and high percent blind shoots, even when cut low with an tendency to increase with the cutting height increase. Therefore, 3 cm cutting height gave the greatest productivity. These results suggest that cutting height between 0 and 3 cm may be the most favorable for marketable flower production of rose ‘Yellow King’, and it is better to cut away thin shoots with a smaller than 5 mm stem diameter or bend them down after pinching for leaf package.

SOD 및 DMTU 가 자유산소기의 작용으로 배양중인 흰쥐섬유모세포에서 나타나는 손상에 미치는 영향

안동춘,강현국,백두진,정호삼 한양대학교 의과대학 1999 한양의대 학술지 Vol.19 No.1

This study performed to examine the effects of SOD and DMTU on the cytotoxicity of the cultured fibroblasts induced by oxygen free radicals. The rat fibroblasts was obtained from the subcutaneous tissue and the culture cells were exposed to hypoxanthine(HX) (1mM/ml) and xanthine oxidase(XO) at concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20 mU/ml, respectively. Then the cells exposed oxygen free radicals were treated by superoxide dismutase(SOD), superoxide scavenger, and 1, 3-dimethyl-2-thiourea(DMTU), hydroxyl radical scavenger, respectively. After 4 hours, the cells were observed under the inverted microscope and the cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The results as follows; 1. The morphologic changes derived by oxygen free radicals was observed at the 1mM HX plus 10mU and 20mU XO. 2. The survival rates of the cells were 88.0±8.5%, 24.0±4.4%, 12.0±1.0%, and 6.3±0.6% at the 1mM HX plus XO at concentration of 1, 5, 10, 20mU, respectively. 3. The viability of cells treated with SOD, one of the superoxide anion scavenger, was 90.7±16.3%, 66.0±9.8%, 32.7±6.7%, 16.3±2.5% at concentration of 1, 5, 10, 20mU XO, respectively. 4. There were no difference of cell viability between the DMTU treated cells and untreated well cells. These results suggest that the oxygen free radical cytotoxicity generated by HX and XO occur in the rat fibroblasts, and SOD can prevente its effects in vitro.

숙근 안개초 수경재배를 위한 적합한 배지와 품종 선발

안동춘,황주천,진영돈,배민지,김수경,정도호 한국화훼산업육성협회 2012 화훼연구 Vol.20 No.3

숙근안개초 주산지 연작장해 경감을 위한 기술개발 의 일환으로 몇가지 품종과 배지를 이용하여 수경재배 가능성을 검토하고자 하였다. 정식 후 15주째 배지별 생육특성을 조사한 결과 대부분의 품종에서 화경이 추 대하지 않는 로제트 현상이 나타났는데 그 정도는 배 지에 따라 조금씩 달랐다. Cocomix에서는 모든 품종에 서 로제트 현상이 나타났는데 ‘Mirabella’와 ‘Bristol Fairy’는 100%, ‘Inbal’ 88%, ‘Ginga’ 55.5%, ‘Cassiopeia’ 5.6% 순이었다. Cocodust에서는 ‘Mirabella’와 ‘Bristol Fairy’, ‘Ginga’에서 각각 100%, 83%, 35%의 로제트 현상이 나타났으나 Mixture에서는 ‘Bristol Fairy’를 제 외한 모든 품종에서는 정상적으로 추대 개화 하였다. 품종별로 보면 ‘Cassiopeia’는 거의 모든 배지에서 정 상적으로 추대, 개화하였고, ‘Inbal’은 Cocomix를 제외 한 다른 배지에서는 정상적으로 추대 개화를 하였다. ‘Bristol Fairy’는 모든 배지에서 로제트 현상이 가장 많이 나타났다. 초장과 지상부 생체중은 로제트의 발생 정도에 반비례하는 경향을 보였다. 개화는 Cocodust와 Mixture에 정식한 ‘Cassiopeia’가 11월 16일로 가장 빨랐고, Cocomix에 정식한 ‘Bristol Fairy’가 이듬해 2월 11일로 가장 늦었다. 배지별 평균 개화소요일수는 Mixture에서 117일로 가장 짧았고, Cocodust에서 152 일, Cocomix에서는 164일로 가장 길었다. 배지별 평균 절화수량은 Cocodust에서 28.2본으로 가장 많았고, Mixture에서 26.4본, Cocomix에서 22.5본으로 가장 적 었다. 품종별 평균 절화수량은 ‘Cassiopeia’와 ‘Ginga’가 각각 36.5, 33.0본으로 가장 많았고, ‘Mirabella’가 14.3 본으로 가장 적었다. This study was conducted to examine the possibility of hydroponic culture with several cultivars and substrates for reduction of injury by successive cropping in main producing restrict of Gypsophila paniculata. In growth characteristics investigated at 15 weeks after transplanting rosetted growth without bolting was observed in most of cultivars but the extent of occurrence was depend on substrates. All cultivars showed rosette with 100% of ‘Mirabella’ and ‘Bristol Fairy’, 88% of ‘Inbal’, 55.5% of ‘Ginga’ and 5.6% of ‘Cassiopeia’ in Cocomix (cocochip : cocodust = 50 : 50), 100% of ‘Mirabella’, 83% of ‘Bristol Fairy’ and 35% of ‘Ginga’ in Cocodust, but except 50% of ‘Bristol Fairy’ all cultivars showed normal bolting and flowering in Mixture. From a cultivar ‘Cassiopeia’ showed normal bolting and flowering in most substrates, while ‘Bristol Fairy’ showed serious rosette growth in most substrates. Plant height and fresh weight tended to be inversely proportional to rosette occurrence. Blooming date was earliest with ‘Cassiopeia’ in Mixture of November 16 and latest with ‘Bristol Fairy’ in Cocomix of February 11 next year. Days to blooming of each substrate took 117days in Mixture, 152 days in Cocodust, and 164days in Cocomix respectively. Cut flower yield per plant of each substrate showed 28.2 stems in Cocodust, 26.4stems in Mixture and 22.5stems in Cocomix, and from each cultivar it showed 36.5 stems of ‘Cassiopeia’, 33.0stems of ‘Ginga’ 14.3 stems of ‘Mirabella’ respectively.

Ebb & Flow 시스템을 이용한 호접란 양액재배시 생장에 미치는 배지의 영향

안동춘,빈철구,박선혜,정병룡 한국화훼산업육성협회 2007 화훼연구 Vol.15 No.1

배지 종류가 호접란 미니다화성계 품종 Phalaenopsis amabilis와 P. ‘Taisuco Red Jewel’의 생장에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 ebb and flow system을 이용 하여 4개월간 재배한 결과는 다음과 같다. 배양묘의 경우 두 품종 모두 대체로 잎의 생장은 수태에서 가장 좋았고, 뿌리 생장은 바크에서 좋았다. 식물체 생체 중과 건물중은 P. amabilis의 경우 수태와 피트모스+ 펄라이트 혼합배지에서 가장 좋았고 P. ‘Taisuco Red Jewel’의 경우 바크에서 가장 컸다. 중간묘의 경우 엽 장과 엽폭 등 잎의 생장은 두 품종 모두 대체로 수태 와 피트모스+펄라이트 혼합배지에서 가장 좋았고, 근중 등 뿌리의 생장은 바크와 피트모스+펄라이트 혼합배지 에서 가장 좋았다. 식물체 생체중은 P. amabilis의 경 우 수태와 피트모스+펄라이트 혼합배지에서 각각 58.7g과 59.9g으로 가장 컸으나 건물중은 피트모스+펄 라이트 혼합 배지에서 18.2g으로 가장 컸다. P. 'Taisuco Red Jewel'의 경우 식물체 생체중과 건물중 은 피트모스+펄라이트 혼합배지와 토실이상토에서 가 장 컸다. 엽록소함량은 피트모스+펄라이트 혼합배지와 수태에서 각각 0.43과 0.40μg·mg-1fw로 가장 높았다. This experiment was conducted to select optimal medium for growth of miniature multiflora Phalaenopsis amabilis and P. 'Taisuco Red Jewel' at two growth stages during four months culture in an ebb and flow system. At early growth stage, leaf growth was generally the greatest in sphagnum moss, while root growth was the greatest in bark in both cultivars. Fresh and dry weights were the greatest in sphagnum moss and peatmoss+ perlite (50:50, v/v) for P. amabilis and in bark for P. ‘Taisuco Red Jewel’. At middle growth stage, leaf length and width were the greatest in sphagnum moss and peatmoss+ perlite, while root weight was the greatest in bark and peatmoss+ perlite in both cultivars. Fresh weight was the greatest in sphagnum moss and peatmoss+ perlite for P. amabilis and dry weight was the greatest in peatmoss+ perlite. Fresh and dry weights were the greatest in peatmoss+ perlite for P. 'Taisuco Red Jewel'. Chlorophyll content was the greatest in sphagnum moss and peatmoss+ perlite.

Changes of the Plasma Atrial Natriuretic Peptide during Myocardial Infarction in Rats

안동춘,김인식 한국임상수의학회 2012 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is associated with the variety of disorders of myocardial function. The effect,however, of myocardial infarction (MI) on ANP has not been fully described. Thus, this study investigated the effect of experimental MI, induced by left coronary artery ligation, on ANP secretion. Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 60d underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce MI and were compared with a group that underwent a sham operation. Rats of sham operation had a similar procedure without having the suture tightened around the coronary artery. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 h or 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30 d after the procedure. MI size was assessed by planimetry and perimetry, and plasma ANP levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. Mean infarct size was 39.6-44.5% of the left ventricle after coronary occlusion in experimental groups. No significant differences were observed in infarct size among groups. In contrast, the concentration of plasma ANP was significantly higher at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after left coronary artery ligation than in sham animals. This parameter, however, did not differ significantly at 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30 d after ligation compared with sham-ligated controls. These results demonstrate that plasma ANP levels are markedly increased in the early phase of MI in the male rat and can be a useful biomarker for diagnosis in acute MI.

유창포를 이용한 흰쥐 보정법

안동춘,권명상,백두진 한국실험동물학회 2000 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

유황오리 위에 대한 형태학적 연구

안동춘,김현철 강원대학교 동물생명과학연구소(구 강원대학교 동물자원공동연구소) 2004 동물자원연구 Vol.15 No.-

This morphological study was performed on the stomach of ducks at 6, 12, 18 months after feeding the 6% of sulfur in diet and control fed the same diet without sulfur. After weighting of body of 36 ducks, we sacrificed the ducks and harvested stomach. Then we check the fed materials and the lumen of stomach. H-E, alcian blue - PAS (pH 1.0), and alcian blue - PAS (pH2.5) stains were used to histological and histochemical observation for the mucus The body weights decreased dependent upon the duration of feeding sulfur statistically, however, the stomachs kept their weight except the 18 month fed group. Ulcerative papillae containing caseous necrotic region were conspicuous on the lumen of proventriculus of sulfur-fed ducks. In addition, some lobules of proventricular glands adjacent to the papillae were observed with severe atrophy. mucus secreted from mucous epithelium showed same pattern between control and sulfur-fed ducks, but the ducts of proventricular glands in 12, 18 months groups had nonsulfated mucopolysaccharides. Gizzard had no pathological changes, however, ingested feed were mixed with re-fluxed bile juice from duodenum. Gastric glands in the gizzards of sulfur-fed ducks had increased the number of acidic mucin positive cells as well as surface cells containing PAS positive materials, which were thought to bring the change of matrix that observed with strong purple color. These data suggest that sulfur feeding for long term causes the damage on the proventriculus mucosa and its glands and also the change on the cuticle secreted from giazzard glands. These changes may be related to decrease of body weight.

허혈양상화와 KATP 이온통로 활성이 허혈-재관류된 흰쥐 심장에서 PKC-ε, NF-κB와 AP-1발현에 미치는 영향

안동춘,전승하,서윤경,전수경,박현주,이상완,심정하,백두진 대한체질인류학회 2006 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This study was aimed to elucidate the effects of KATP activation during IPC on the PKC-ε, NF-κB and AP-1 in ischemia-reperfused rat hearts. SD male rats weighting from 300 to 350 g were split into 9 groups, such as sham control (S), IPC, 3 cycles of 5 min ischemia and 5 min reperfusion, continuous preconditioning (CP), 8 cycles of 5 min ischemia and 5 min reperfusion, KATP opening (KO) with pinacidil (1.0 mg/kg), KATP blocking with glibenclamide (1.0 mg/kg) injection, ischemia (IS), 30 min ischemia, IPC followed by IS, 8) KATP blocking and IPC followed by IS (KB+IPC+IS), IS and KATP opening (KO+IS). Heart were subjected to ligation of left descending coronary artery and reperfusion in groups of IPC, CP, IS with or without IPC. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting for PKC-ε, NF-κB and AP-1 were performed at 3, 6, 24 hours after reperfusion or treatment. Immunoreactivities against PKC-ε antibody were observed stronger in the groups of IPC, KO, IPC+IS and KO+IS than groups of KB, IS and KB+IPC+IS. NF-κB activation and translocation were only observed in the groups of including 30 min ischemia and reperfusion. AP-1 activation and translocation were opposite to the results of PKC-ε activation. In the group of CP, KB, IS and KB+IPC+IS, reactivities of AP-1 antibody were stronger than IPC+IS, KO+IS, and weaker in the groups of S, IPC and KO. These results suggest that KATP opening with IPC or pharmacological methods may direct effect on the PKC-ε activation and that KATP blocking has effect on the AP-1 activation and translocation in the heart of ischemiareperfused of rats. 본 연구는 허혈-재관류된 흰쥐 심장에서 허혈손상을 감소시켜주는 허혈양상화와 KATP 이온통로 활성화 혹은 억제가 PKC-ε, NF-κB, AP-1 활성 변동에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 직접적인 관련성이 있는지 검증하고자 본실험을 시도하였다. 실험군은 9군으로 즉, 대조군 (sham: S), 허혈양상화군 (IPC), 지속적 허혈양상화군 (continuous preconditioning: CP), KATP 이온통로 활성군(KATP opening: KO), KATP 이온통로 억제군(KATP blocking: KB), 허혈군(ischemia: IS), 허 혈양상화 후 허혈군(IPC+IS), KATP 이온통로 억제 후 허혈양상화와 허혈군(KB+IPC+IS), KATP 이온통로 활성과 허혈군(KO+IS)으로 나누었다. IPC는 5분 허혈 - 5분 재관류를 3회 반복하였으며, CP는 5분 허혈 - 8분 재관류를 8회 반복하였다. 허혈은 30분 시켰으며, KO군은 pinacidil (1.0 mg/kg)을 허혈 개시 5분 후 정맥주사 하였고, KB군 은 glibenclamide (1.0 mg/kg)를 IPC 20분 전 정맥주사 하였다. 재관류 혹은 처치 후 3, 6, 24시간에 심장을 얻어 PKC-ε, NF-κB, AP-1에 대하여 면역조직화학염색과 Western blotting을 이용하여 관찰하였다. PKC-ε 활성은 IPC, pinacidil 단독 투여군에서 가장 많이 증가하였고, NF-κB의 활성은 오직 30분 허혈이 있었던 군(IS, IPC+IS, KB+IPC+IS, KO+IS)에서 증가하였으며 AP-1의 활성은 PKC-ε 결과에 반비례하였다. 이 결과는 IPC에 따른 KATP 이온통로 활성이 PKC-ε 활성에 직접 영향을 주고, KATP 억제는 AP-1 활성에 직접적 인 영향을 미치는 것이라고 결론지을 수 있다.