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학교급식이 아동의 우식성 간식품 취급에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
심상수 韓國學校健建學會 1992 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.5 No.2
The objective of school lunch program is make a student to understand the basic knowledge on the diet through improved food patterns. Diet is an important factor in the development of dental caries. Generally, snack foods contain much sugar and cause dental caries to children. The diet education in the school lunch program should involve the control of snack food intake. In this study, the analysis of influence of school lunch program on the cariogenic snack food intake of school children was carried out. The questionarie was given to 1,441 sixth-grade children of 5 school lunch group and 1,443 sixth-grade children of 5 non-school lunch group in Pusan on the intake of snack foods and toothbrushing after meals. Its were as follows: 1. No differences were observed snack food intake per day between school lunch group and non-school lunch group. 2. The snack food intake frequency at home in school lunch group was more frequent than that of non-school lunch group. However, in school, in school, the result was reverse. 3. No difference was observed the frequency between school lunch group on the intake of cariogenic, foods, detergent foods, protective foods, cariogenic foods alone and cariogenic and detergent foods between meals. 4. The frequency of toothbrushing per day and the ratio of toothbrushing after meals in school lunch group was a little higher than that on non-school lunch group. 5. No difference was observed on the ratio of toothbrushing after snack food intake between school lunch group and non-school lunch group. 6. The influence of school lunch program on the cariogenic food intake in school children was little significant for its goodness. 7. The improvement of education on snack food take and toothbrushing after meals to shool children was recommended.
B16 melanoma 세포에서 nitric oxide가 멜라닌 생성에 미치는 영향
심상수,조남영,윤미연,이지윤,김창종 중앙대학교 약학연구소 2002 약학 논총 Vol.16 No.-
To investigate the effects of nitric oxide and cGMP on melanin production, we measured the melanin production in B16 melanoma cells stimulated by alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH). NO donor, such as, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), SIN-1, SNAP and L-arginine increased melanin production in basal state. SNAP potentiated melanin production by MSH, but other NO donors did not. In the study the potentiating effect of sodium nitroprusside on cAMP-dependent melanin production, sodium nitroprusside did not increase melanin production induced by MSH, forskolin and 8-Br-cAMP. Non-selective cAMP/cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor (IBMX) and selective cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor (zaprinast) significantly increased MSH-induced melanin production, whereas soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor (ODQ) inhibited MSH-induced melanin production. These results suggest the possibility that MSH-stimulated melanin production may be mediated via not only cAMP-dependent pathway but also cGMP-dependent pathway in B16 melanoma cells.
Caerulein과 총담췌장관 결찰에 의한 급성췌장염 모델의 특징
심상수,김현준,이윤혜,박진형,이승준,김창종 중앙대학교 약학연구소 2000 약학 논총 Vol.14 No.-
To investigate the difference in acute pancreatitis experimentally induced by common bile-pancreatic duct (CBPD) ligation and caerulein iv infusion, we measured amylase activity, pancreatic edema and phospholipase A_2 activity in pancreatic tissue and serum. In acute pancreatitis induced by CBPD ligation and caerulein infusion, tissue edema and tissue phospholipase A_2 activity significantly increased as compared with normal group. Also experimental acute pancreatitis significantly increased the levels of serum protein, serum amylase activity and serum phospholipase A_2 activity. In the comparison of two experimental models, the symptom of acute pancreatitis induced by CBPD ligation was more severe than that induced by caerulein infusion. These results indicate that the increase of phospholipase A_2 activity in pancreatic tissue and serum may be one of the parameters for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.
RAW 264.7 세포에서 silica에 의한 유리 라디칼 생성에 미치는 protein kinase 억제제의 영향
심상수,조남영,윤미연,이지윤,김창종 중앙대학교 약학연구소 2002 약학 논총 Vol.16 No.-
To investigate involvement of protein kinase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite (PON) generation, we examined effect of protein kinase inhibitors on silica-induced ROS and PON generation in RAW 264.7 cells. Silica dose-dependently increased ROS and PON generation. Protein kinase C inhibitor, bisindolmaleimide and RO32-0432, slightly inhibited silica-induced ROS generation and significantly inhibited PON generation. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor, erbstatin and DHC, significantly inhibited silica-induced ROS generation but not PON generation. Calmodulin antagonist (W-7), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ inhibitor (KN-62) and mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor (PD98059) significantly inhibited silica-induced PON generation but not ROS generation. These results suggest that protein kinase C appears to be involved in both ROS and PON generation, tyrosine kinase in ROS generation, and calmodulin antagonist and mitogen-activated protein kinase in PON generation induced by silica in RAW 264.7 cells.
RAW 264.7 세포에서 silica에 의한 염증 반응에 미치는 calcium chelator의 영향
심상수,이승준,서무현,김창종 중앙대학교 약학연구소 2001 약학 논총 Vol.15 No.-
To investigate the action of calcium in silica-induced inflammatory response, we observed examined effect of calcium chelator on arachidonic acid (AA) release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite (PON) in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by silica dose-dependently increased [^3H]AA release, ROS and PON generation. Extracellular Ca^2+ chelator, EGTA, dose dependently inhibited silica-induced AA release and PON generation, but did not affect ROS generation. Intracellular Ca^2+ chelator, BAPTA, significantly inhibited ROS and PON generation but did not have any influence on AA release. These results suggest that PON generation is associated with both extracellular Ca^2+ influx and intracellular Ca^2+ release, whereas AA release and ROS generation is related to extracellular CA^2+ influx and intracellular Ca^2+ release in RAW 264.7 cells, respectively.
위 평활근에서 수용성 이완에 관여하는 cyclic nucleotide들의 작용
심상수,최현호,이정근,문성원,이준한,조중형,김창종 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1998 약학 논총 Vol.12 No.-
To investigate the actions of cyclic nucleotides associated with receptive relaxation, smooth muscle strips isolated from cat stomach were used to measure the isometric contraction in an isolated organ bath. Both sodium nitroprusside and forskolin inhibited acetylcholine-induced contraction dose-dependently. The inhibitory effect of sodium nitroprusside was more potent than that of forskolin. Verapamil, voltage-dependent calcium channel blocker, and TMB-8, a blocker of intracellular Ca^2+ release, significantly inhibited acetylcholine-induced contraction. Combined effects of verapamil and TMB-8 with sodium nitroprusside (0.1 μM) were significantly greater than that of each one, whereas those with forskolin (1 μM) were similar to that of each one. Tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, vanadate (10 μM) significantly blocked the inhibitory effects of verapamil (1 μM), TMB -8 (1 μM) and forskolin (1 μM), but did not that of sodium nitroprusside (0.1 μM). However, protein kinase C activator, PMA (10 μM), did not affect the inhibitory effects of the above four agents. From the above results, it is suggested that the action of cAMP on receptive relaxation may be different from that of cGMP, which is modulated by tyrosine phosphatase in gastric smooth muscle.
Endothelin-1에 의한 Phospholipase C-Ca^2+이동 신호전달계에 미치는 TMB-8과 W-7의 방향
심상수,이정근,문성원,김현준,이윤혜,박진형,김창종 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1999 약학 논총 Vol.13 No.-
Phospholipase C activity and intracellular Ca^2+ concentration were measured to investigate effects of TMB-8 and calmodulin antagonist on signal pathway of phospholipase C-Ca^2+ mobilization induced by endothelin-1. Activation of phospholipase C and increase in intracellular Ca^2+ concentration by endothelin-1 were dependent on extracellular Ca^2+ concentration. Both TMB-8, a intracellular Ca^2+ release blocker, and W-7, a calmodulin antagonist, significantly increased phospholipase C activity induced by endothelin-1, whereas did not elevate the intradcellular Ca^2+ concentration. This result suggests that both TMB-8 and W-7 have dual effects on signal pathway of phospholipase C-Ca^2+ mobilization induced by endothelin-1.