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동시대 조각에 나타난 건축적 이미지의 욕망에 관한 연구
신제헌,김석 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.6
The borrowing of architectural images found in sculpture is a metaphor for ‘desires’ implying the various things which modern people lack. This is because the cause of creation and driving force behind architecture are related to ‘desire’ and ‘fantasy.’ This study felt the need for research on how the architectural imagery found in contemporary sculptures suggest the 'unconscious desires' of modern people. The purpose of the study is then to interpret the 'unconscious desires' projected through the analysis of the works of sample artists. Specialized books and academic papers related to the thesis were the main methods of research. Following this, in the second chapter, the author examined the development of sculpture and architecture in each period of art history and reflected on the concepts of sculpture and architecture as well as ‘architectural’ types of sculpture. In the third chapter, the author examined the concepts of Roland Barthes’ ‘mythologies’ and Jacques Lacan’s ‘unconscious desires’ in order to interpret the architectural imagery in sculpture as ‘desires.’ In the fourth chapter, the author studied sample artists in order to interpret the various expressions of architectural imagery borrowed in contemporary sculpture as well as the significance of the ‘desires’ inherent in the artwork. Ultimately, it was found that: first, due to the change in the way of expression following the expansion of sculpture and architecture since the 20th century, it was found that in modern art, architectural images were interpreted from sculpture to various angles according to the 'borrowed' method of image. Second, it was found that since architectural imagery can be interpreted in connection with Barthes’ ‘mythologies’ and Lacan’s ‘structure of unconscious desires’ because contemporary architecture is a universal symbol of ‘desire,’ the borrowing of architectural imagery in sculpture is manifested as ‘symbolism’ based on ‘metaphor’ and ‘metonymy.’ Third, the architectural imagery found in contemporary sculpture generally symbolizes the unconscious ‘desires’ for things which modern people lack, and this is represented in contemporary sculpture by a variety of architectural means of expression and techniques. This was confirmed in the works of the sample artists. In this study, the author was able to interpret ‘desires’ in connection with artwork based on the interrelations between sculpture and architecture as well as the architectural imagery found in sculpture. 동시대의 조각에 나타난 건축 이미지의 차용은 현대인의 다양한 결핍이 내포된 ‘욕망’을 은유한다. 이는 건축의 생성 원인 및 작동 기제가 인간의 ‘욕망’ 및 ‘환상’과 관련되어 있기 때문이다. 본 연구자는이러한 동시대 조각에 나타난 건축적 이미지가 현대인들의 ‘무의식적 욕망’을 어떻게 암시하고 있는지에 대해 연구의 필요성을 느꼈다. 따라서 표본작가들의 작품 분석을 통해 투영된 ‘무의식적 욕망’을 해석하는 것에 연구 목적을 두었다. 연구 방법으로는 논지에 관련된 전문 서적과 학술 논문이 주요했다. 구체적으로 2장에서 미술사를 바탕으로 조각과 건축의 시대별 발전 과정을 살펴보았고, 조각과 건축의 개념 및 ‘건축성’을 지닌 조각의 형식에 대해 고찰하였다. 3장에서는 조각에 나타난 건축적 이미지를 ‘욕망’으로 해석하기 위해 롤랑 바르트의 ‘신화 기호학’과 자크 라캉의 ‘무의식적 욕망’ 개념을 살펴보았다. 4장에서는 동시대 조각에 차용된 건축적 이미지의 다양한 표현과 작품에 내재한 ‘욕망’의 의미를 해석하기 위해 표본작가의 작품을 분석하였다. 이를 통한 본 논문의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 20세기 이후 조각과 건축의 확장에 따른 표현 방식의 변화로 인해 현대미술에서는 이미지의 ‘차용’방식에 따라 건축적 이미지가 조각에서 다각도로 해석된다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 건축적 이미지를바르트적 시각인 ‘신화적 기호’와 라캉의 ‘무의식의 욕망 구조’와 연관 지어 해석 가능한 것은 오늘날건축이 ‘욕망’의 보편적 기호로서 나타나기 때문이다. 그리고 차용된 건축적 이미지는 ‘은유’와 ‘환유’ 에 의해 ‘상징화’된 것임을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 오늘날 조각에 나타난 건축적 이미지는 주로 현대인들의 결핍에 대한 무의식적 ‘욕망’을 상징하며 동시대 조각에서 다양한 건축적 표현과 작업 방식으로 나타나고 있음을 표본작가의 작품을 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 이상과 같이 연구자는 조각과 건축의 상호적 관계 및 조각에 나타난 건축적 이미지를 바탕으로 동시대 조각에 내포된 무의식적 욕망을 새로운관점에서 해석하는데 그 의의를 두고자 한다.
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퍼스의 3가지 유형에 의한 건축적 이미지를 지닌 동시대 조각의 표현방식 연구
신제헌,김석 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.6
The contemporary sculpture by borrowing images reveals semiotic characteristics by using icons, indicators, and symbols extensively in the text it produces. As a result, the work appeared in a hybrid way of expression, making multiple interpretations come true. However, a new method is required to interpret the sculptures expressed in various signs. In particular, the contemporary sculpture works that borrowed architectural images mostly reflect the uncertain and fluid contemporary period, and therefore this study was aimed to analyze how the works act as signs and generate meanings by applying the 3 types of Perth at that time. As a research method, In order to study Perth's semiotics, this research drew the thesis on Perth's semiotics by understanding the general concept of semiotics and comparatively analyzing Saussure's semiotics. Also, we looked at how semiotics including Perth's semiotics were applied to the modern art. In Chapter 3, in order to consider the expression methods of contemporary sculptures that borrowed architectural images, we classified and analyzed them according to the ‘3 types’ of Perth. Through this, this paper concluded as follows. First, semiotics was initially discussed in earnest by structuralist philosophers, starting with Saussure's linguistics after the 19th century, and afterwards, as the postmodern art appeared, ‘borrowing’ and ‘intertextuality’ were mixed, creating an opportunity to further expand the meaning of the work. Second, Peirce's semiotics, which is easy to explain about non-arbitrary relationships and distinguishes various types of signs in the visual field, provided a basis for classifying the expression methods of contemporary sculptural works. Third, it was easy to decipher the individual codes for each work by classifying the expression method of the sample artist's architectural image sculptures into the 3 types of Perth. It was confirmed that each type represents the uncertain and fluid contemporary times metaphorically according to the method of expressing the materiality and structure of the works revealed in the sculptures of the representative artist for each type.
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