넓은 입력 범위를 가지는 레이저 추적기 시스템 설계 및 구현

김진용(Jin-Yong Kim),신정환(Jung-Whan Shin),이원진(Won-Jin Lee),김병완(Byung-Wan Kim) 대한전자공학회 2021 전자공학회논문지 Vol.58 No.3

본 논문은 40 ㏈ 이상 넓은 입력 범위를 가지는 레이저 추적기 시스템을 구현하는 방안을 제안한다. 레이저 추적기는 검출기와 전류-전압 변환 보드, 증폭기 보드, 그리고 아날로그 신호처리 보드로 구성된다. 검출기는 레이저 신호를 수신하여 전기 신호로 변환하고, 전류-전압 변환 보드는 검출기를 통해 흐르는 전류를 전압으로 변환한다. 증폭기 보드는 전류-전압 변환 보드 후단에 연결되어 신호를 증폭한다. 아날로그 신호 처리 보드는 증폭기 보드 후단에 연결되며 변환된 디지털신호를 FPGA로 전달한다. 40㏈ 이상 입력 동적 범위를 만족하기 위해 5단계의 이득 조절 기능과 저주파 잡음을 제거하는 회로가 필요하고, 높은 이득 레벨선택 시 DC 오프셋에 의한 포화를 방지할 수 있는 DC 오프셋 제거 회로를 도입한다. 본 논문에서 선정한 검출기의 반응도는 1064㎚ 파장 기준 0.4 A/W이며, 레이저 추적기가 수신하는 펄스 신호는 상승/하강 시간을 10 ㎱, 펄스폭을 20 ㎱, 주기는 수십 ㎳로임의 설정하였다. 측정 결과 탐지 가능한 최소 신호 크기는 약 488 ㎻, 최대 신호 크기는 약 9 ㎽로 42.65 ㏈의 동적 범위를 가진다. This study proposed a method for realizing Laser Spot Tracker (LST) with wide dynamic range above 40 ㏈. This LST is composed of four blocks such as detector, Current to Voltage converting Board (CVB), Post Amplifier Board (PAB) and Analog Signal processing Board (ASB). Detector receives laser signal and converts to an electronical signal. CVB has function of converting current from detector to voltage. PAB amplifies signal followed by CVB. ASB processes signal after PAB to interface with FPGA. For satisfying with wide dynamic range it has 5 step gain control mode and low frequency noise cancellation stage. The responsivity of detector is 0.4 A/W at 1064 ㎚. The pulse signals received by the LST has a rise/fall time of 10㎱, a pulse width of 20 ㎱, and a period of tens of milliseconds. As a result of the measurement, Minimum Detectable Power (MDP) is 488 ㎻ and Maximum Receivable Power (MRP) is 9 ㎽ which has a dynamic range of about 42.65 ㏈.

임신 34주에 진단된 전이성 융모 상피암 1 예

송치훈(Chi Hun Song),정수미(Su Mi Jung),양원규(Won Gyu Yang),박종호(Jong Ho Park),박원일(Won Il Park),신정환(Jung Whan Shin),주종은(Jong Eun Joo) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.1

Choriocarcinoma associated with a normal pregnancy is rare. Especially, choriocarcinoma coexistent with a viable pregnancy is even rarer and commonly presents with widespread metastatic disease. We experienced a patient at 34th week of pregnancy with dyspnea and sputum production due to pulmonary metastasis of choriocarcinoma. The serum B-hCG level was extremely elevated and the placenta had multifocal choriocarcinoma. After vaginal delivery, the patient was successfully treated with combination chemotherapy (EMA-CO). The patient is receiving follow up with monthly measurement of hCG values. We report one case of metastatic choriocarcinoma with viable pregnancy with review of literature.

자궁경관무력증의 임상적 고찰

양윤석(Yun Seok Yang),송치훈(Chi Hun Song),박종호(Jong Ho Park),신정환(Jung Whan Shin),홍서유(Seo Yoo Hong),박미혜(Mi Hye Park),김경진(Kyeng Jin Kim),황인택(In Taek Hwang),정지학(Ji Hak Jung),박준숙(Jun Sook Park) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.2

N/A Objective:Our goal was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and statistical analysis in incompetent internal os of the cervix(IIOC) Method: At Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eulgi Hospital and Eulgi university Hospital from January 1, 1991 to December 31, 1997, 296 cases of IIOC were admitted and treated with McDonald operation or modified Shirodkar operation. Of this, 38cases were follow up lost, so 252 cases were analayzed. Diagnostic criteria was previous history of painless cervical dilatation, followed by spontaneous abortion or preterm birth, and acceptance without resistance at the internal os of No. 8 Hegar dilator. Result: Incidence of IIOC was 1.61%, 1 in 60 deliveries. Most frequent age group was in 28-30 years old group and mean age was 30 years old. Total number and mean number of gravida was 818 and 3.2. The most common contributing factor was previous artificial abortion(77%), and cervix dilatation(9%), old cervical laceration(4.3%) etc, was followed. Operation methods were McDonald operation(56%) and modified Shirodkar operation(44%). The Success rate of McDonald and modified Shirodkar was 78.1% and 88.1%. Successful fetal salvage rate was 82.5%, and the highest success rate was 86.9% in 14-18th weeks of gestation group. The more cervix dilate, the more failure occured. Causes of operation failure was premature rupture of membrane(54.5%), preterm labor(43.2%) and fetal death in utero(2.3%). Delivery method after operation was vaginal delivery(146cases, 70.9%) and cesarean delivery(60cases, 29.1%). Cause of cesarean delivery was previous cesarean section(43.3%), breech presentation(16.7%), cephalopelvic disproportion(15%), prolonged labor(6.7%), fetal disttess(6.7%), twin(5%), placenta previa(3,3%) and abruptio placenta(3.3%). Conclusion: The 14-18th weeks of gestation group & no cervical dilatation group has higher success rate, which indicate early diagnosis and appropriate timing of operation is probably associated with a greater operation

산후 응급 자궁적출술의 임상적 고찰

김송이 ( Song E Kim ),홍서유 ( Seo Yoo Hong ),김주오 ( Joo Oh Kim ),신정환 ( Jung Whan Shin ),김대운 ( Dae Woon Kim ),신영진 ( Young Jin Shin ) 대한주산의학회 2002 Perinatology Vol.13 No.1

목적:을지 의과대학 산부인과 교실에서 시행된 산후 응급 자궁적출술의 증례들을 관찰 분석하고자 한다. 연구방법:1996년 5월부터 2000년 12월까지 산후 자궁적출술을 시행받은 37례를 대상으로 빈도, 연령별 및 분만횟수별 분포, 적응증, 위험인자, 수술방법, 수혈량, 합병증 그리고 태아의 예후를 후향적 연구로 분석하였다. 결과:산후 자궁적출술의 총 빈도는 1,000분만당 2.3례였고 분만방법에 따른 빈도는 질식분만후 0.03%, 제왕절개술 분만후 0.52%로 제왕절개 분만후 산후 자궁적출술의 빈도가 더 높았다. 또한 연령이 증가할수록 그리고 분만횟수가 많을수록 산후 자궁적출술의 빈도는 높았다. 수술의 적응증은 전치태반과 유착태반을 포함한 태반요인(54.1%), 자궁무력증(37.8%), 자궁근종(5.4%), 자궁파열(2.7%)의 순서로 나타났다. 위험인자에 대한 산후 자궁적출술의 비교 위험도는 태반요인에 대해 97.6(95% 신뢰구간 52.17~184.06), 제왕절개술에 대해 16.3(95% 신뢰구간 4.94~52.31), 그리고 기왕제왕절개술에 대해 2.4(95% 신뢰구간 1.21~4.76)로 태반 요인이 높은 비교위험도를 나타내었으며 95% 신뢰구간에서 볼 때 의의가 있었다. 수술방법은 대부분 전자궁적출술(92%)로 이루어졌고 평균 수혈량은 17.1pints 였다. 합병증은 전체의 43.2%로 나타났는데 주로 폐부종, 무기폐, 기흉등의 호흡기계 합병증, 범발성 혈관내 응고장애, 감염 및 비뇨기계 합병증이었으며 산모사망의 예는 없었다. 태아사망은 2례(5.3%)에서 있었고 신생아 이환율은 26.3%로 10례에서 발견되었다. 결론:산후 자궁적출술의 주된 원인은 전치태반 또는 유착태반 등의 태반요인이다. 산후 자궁적출술은 산모의 생명이 위협을 받는 상황 아래서 시행될 수 있는 최선의 방법이나 산모의 이환율이 높으므로 산전관 리부터 위험요인에 대한 세심한 관리와 처치가 필요하다. Objective:To analyze incidence, indications, risk factors, complications, and neonatal outcomes of emergency postpartum hysterectomies performed at EulJi University Medical Center. Methods:A retrospective study of all cases of postpartum hysterectomies between May. 1996 and Dec. 2000. was carried out. Results:37 cases of postpartum hysterectomies during this period were performed, for overall incidence of 2.3 per 1000 deliveries. Incidence after vaginal delivery and cesarean section was 0.03% and 0.52% respectively. The rate of postpartum hysterectomy increased with increasing age and parity. The main indications were placental disorders(54.1%) including placenta previa and adherent placenta, uterine atony(37.8%), uterine myoma(5.4%) and uterine rupture(2.7%) in order. The relative risk of postpartum hysterectomy according to the risk factors was 97.6(95% confidence interval 52.17-184.06) for placental disorders, 16.3(95% confidence interval 4.94-52.31) for cesarean section and 2.4(95% confidence interval 1.21-4.76) for previous cesarean section. The mean amount of transfusion was 17.1 pints. Although no maternal mortality had occurred, 16 patients(43.2%) had complicaions including respiratory complication(13.5%), hemorrhagic complication(10.8%), infection(8.1%) and urologic injury(8.1%). Regarding fetal outcome, 2 of 38 infants(1 case, twin) were stillborn (5.3%) and 10 infants(26.3%) were suffered from various illness including prematurity, sepsis, meningitis, and brain hemorrhage. Conclusion:The data identifies placental disorders are the leading cause of postpartum hysterectomy. Although postpartum hysterectomy is a necessary life-saving operation, maternal morbidity remained high.

응급제왕절개술의 적절성 여부에 관한 연구

육진성 ( Jin Sung Yuk ),김상훈 ( Sang Hoon Kim ),김평식 ( Pyeong Sik Kim ),박철홍 ( Cheul Hong Park ),홍서유 ( Seo Yu Hong ),신정환 ( Jung Whan Shin ),서용수 ( Yong Soo Seo ) 대한산부인과학회 2005 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.48 No.1