WEB 환경에서 국방정보통신망 정보보호체계 구축에 관한 연구

신유찬,남길현 한국국방경영분석학회 2002 한국국방경영분석학회지 Vol.28 No.1

The limits of current DN(Defense networks), private and closed network, become to reality; for Example, high expense of construction and maintenance of networks, restriction of new subscribers on DN. Therefore, a network using web environment that reflect fast development of If and IS(Information Security) technology is demanded for MND. Meeting the requirement of reliable IS system and extension and improvement of DN using common network, we can reduce the expense to extend, maintain, repair DN, form the environment that makes military business cooperate better with civil company and government agency, advance implementing Defense computing and networking service for field small size units that was a exception of Defense digitalization. But it is essential to construct DN based on common network that there are security requisites; confidentiality, integrity, availability, efficiency, log, backup, restoration, that have to be realized at demanding level for IS. This thesis suggested four measurements; replacement DN with common network to resolve the requirements of building new network and improvement of performance for private DN, linkage with common network for new requirement, distribution of traffic using common network, configuration of DN using Internet and Proposed a refinement of IS management organization to treat security threat of common network flexibly, and LAN IS standard model of DN based on the web environment.

ectopic parathyroid adenoma with improved renal function and insulin resistance after surgery

편혜우,신유찬,홍남기,최한석,이시훈 대한내과학회 2023 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2023 No.2

Chronic mild stress decreases survival, but not proliferation, of new-born cells in adult rat hippocampus

이금주,김성진,김석원,최송현,신유찬,박상하,문보현,조의진,이민수,최상현,전보권,신경호 생화학분자생물학회 2006 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.38 No.1

New-born cells continue to proliferate and survive to become mature granule cells in adult rat hippo-campus. Although this process, known as neuro-whether chronic stress affects neurogenesis. To de-termine whether chronic mild stress (CMS) influ-ences neurogenesis in the adult rat hippocampus, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to CMS and administered bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) before or after CMS to observe the survival/differentiation or proliferation of new-born cells, respectively. In addition, we measured brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA in the granule cell layer (GCL) of the hippocampus, because BDNF is known to play an important role in the survival of new-born cells. CMS significantly decreased the survival of new- born cells in the GCL, but did not influence the proliferation or differentiation of new-born cells. CMS did not affect the proliferation and survival of new-born cells in the hilus. In addition, CMS did not change BDNF mRNA levels in the GCL. These results demonstrate that CMS reduces the survival of suggesting that repeated mild stress could influence a part of neurogenesis, but not the whole part of neurogenesis. These results raise the possibility that the survival of new-born cells may be suppressed in the presence of normal BDNF mRNA levels in GCL.

Changes of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor(CRF) and Neuropeptide Y(NPY) of Rats in Response to Footshock or Reexposure to Conditions Previously Paired with Footshock

신경호,김성진,이금주,신승건,신유찬,이민수,Shin, Kyung-Ho,Kim, Sung Jin,Lee, Kuem Ju,Shin, Seung Gun,Shin, You Chan,Lee, Min-Soo The Korean Society of Biological Psychiatry 2003 생물정신의학 Vol.10 No.1

Corticotropin-releasing factor(CRF) and neuropeptide Y(NPY) are known to play important roles in mediating stress responses and stress-related behavior. To elucidate the role of neuropeptides in response to the condition that had paired with traumatic event, we observed the changes of CRF and NPY by immunohistochemistry using a conditioned footshock paradigm. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in a shuttle box and exposed to 20 pairings of a tone(< 70dB, 5sec) followed by a footshock(FS, 0.8mA, 1sec) over 60min. A second group was exposed to the tone-footshock pairings, returned to the homecage for 2days, and then reexposed to the test chamber and 20tones alone for 60min, prior to sacrifice. Control groups were : a) sacrificed without exposure to FS ; b) exposed to the tone-footshock pairings and then sacrificed two days later ; or c) exposed to the chamber and tones alone, returned to the homecage for 2days and then reexposed to the chamber and 20tones over 60min prior to sacrifice. CRF was increased in animals exposed to FS or the aversive condition(context and tone) that had paired to FS in bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) compared to the control. NPY was increased by FS in amygdala and PVN, but the condition previously associated with FS results in slight increase only in amygdala area. These results suggest that the BNST appears to be the mostly involved neural circuit in response to explicit cues previously paired with footshock. Moreover, this study raise the possibility that increased CRF peptide in the BNST in response to re-exposure to the aversive condition may underlie, in part, the experience of conditioned fear-related anxiety behavior.

Effects of Repeated Citalopram Treatments on Chronic Mild Stress- Induced Growth Associated Protein-43 mRNA Expression in Rat Hippocampus

박상하,최송현,이지민,강승우,신유찬,김현주,김현정,신승건,이민수,신경호 대한약리학회 2008 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.12 No.3

Although growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is known to play a significant role in the regulation of axonal growth and the formation of new neuronal connections in the hippocampus, there is only a few studies on the effects of acute stress on GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Moreover, the effects of repeated citalopram treatment on chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced changes in GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus have not been explored before. To explore this question, male rats were exposed to acute immobilization stress or CMS. Also, citalopram was given prior to stress everyday during CMS procedures. Acute immobilization stress significantly increased GAP-43 mRNA expression in all subfields of the hippocampus, while CMS significantly decreased GAP-43 mRNA expression in the dentate granule cell layer (GCL). Repeated citalopram treatment decreased GAP-43 mRNA expression in the GCL compared with unstressed controls, but this decrease was not further potentiated by CMS exposure. Similar decreases in GAP-43 mRNA expression were observed in CA1, CA3 and CA4 areas of the hippocampus only after repeated citalopram treatment in CMS-exposed rats. This result indicates that GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus may differently respond to acute and chronic stress, and that repeated citalopram treatment does not change CMS-induced decreases in GAP-43 mRNA expression in the GCL. Although growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is known to play a significant role in the regulation of axonal growth and the formation of new neuronal connections in the hippocampus, there is only a few studies on the effects of acute stress on GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Moreover, the effects of repeated citalopram treatment on chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced changes in GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus have not been explored before. To explore this question, male rats were exposed to acute immobilization stress or CMS. Also, citalopram was given prior to stress everyday during CMS procedures. Acute immobilization stress significantly increased GAP-43 mRNA expression in all subfields of the hippocampus, while CMS significantly decreased GAP-43 mRNA expression in the dentate granule cell layer (GCL). Repeated citalopram treatment decreased GAP-43 mRNA expression in the GCL compared with unstressed controls, but this decrease was not further potentiated by CMS exposure. Similar decreases in GAP-43 mRNA expression were observed in CA1, CA3 and CA4 areas of the hippocampus only after repeated citalopram treatment in CMS-exposed rats. This result indicates that GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus may differently respond to acute and chronic stress, and that repeated citalopram treatment does not change CMS-induced decreases in GAP-43 mRNA expression in the GCL.

Effects of Repeated Nicotine Treatment on the Changes in Glutamate Receptor Subunits Levels in Mesocorticolimbic Dopamine Areas

이금주,김동훈,최송현,신유찬,박상하,문보현,강승우,조유진,최상현,전보권,이민수,신경호 대한약리학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.11 No.4

Recent studies suggest that alterations in glutamate receptor subunit levels in mesocorticolimbic dopamine areas could account for neural adaptations in response to psychostimulant drugs. Although many drugs of abuse induce changes in ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits in mesocorticolimbic dopamine areas, the changes of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits by repeated nicotine treatment in these areas are not known. To answer this question, we injected male Sprague-Dawley rats twice daily with nicotine (0.4 mg/kg) or saline (1 ml/kg) for 10 days. The immunoreactivity of NR1, GluR1, and GluR2 glutamate receptor subunits was examined 16∼18 h after the last injection of saline or nicotine. Repeated nicotine treatment significantly increased NR1 levels in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In addition, repeated nicotine treatment showed a tendency towards an increase in GluR1 levels in the VTA as well as in striatum. However, there was no significant change in glutamate receptor subunits in other areas including nucleus accumbens (NAc). These results demonstrate that repeated nicotine treatment increases NR1 levels in VTA similarly to other drugs of abuse, suggesting that elevated glutamate receptor subunits in the VTA, but not NAc may be involved in the excitation of mesocorticolimbic dopamine neurons by nicotine.

Secretin induces neurite outgrowth of PC12 through cAMP-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway

김현수,Sanatombi Yumkham,김선희,예경무,신유찬,류성호,서판길 생화학분자생물학회 2006 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.38 No.1

The gastrointestinal functions of secretin have been fairly well established. However, its function and mode of action within the nervous system remain largely unclear. To gain insight into this area, we have attempted to determine the effects of secretin on neuronal differentiation. Here, we report that secretin induces the generation of neurite outgrowth in pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. The expressions of Tau and beta-tubulin, neuronal differentiation mark-etin stimulation. In addition, secretin induces sustained mitogen-acti-vated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and also stimulates the cAMP secretion. Moreover, the neurite outgrowth elicited by secretin is suppressed to a marked degree in the presence of either PD98059, a specific MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor, or H89, a specific protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that secretin induces neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells through cAMP- MAPK pathway, and provide a novel insight into the manner in which secretin participates in neuritogenesis.

반복 스트레스에 의한 흰주 해마조직내 신경전구세포의 생성과 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA 발현 변동에 미치는 고려홍삼 사포닌의 반복 투여 효과

김동훈(Dong-Hoon Kim),곽규환(Kyu-Hwan Kwak),이금주(Kuem Ju Lee),김성진(Sung Jin Kim),신유찬(You Chan Shin),전보권(Boe-Gwun Chun),신경호(Kyung-Ho Shin) 고려인삼학회 2004 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.28 No.2

Korean red ginseng is known to have anti-stress and memory enhancing effects. Recent studies suggested that stress-induced inhibition of adult neurogenesis in hippocampus may contribute. in part. to decreased negative feedback inhibition of HPA axis. In order to elucidate the mechanism of Korean red ginseng in anti-stress and memory enhancing effects. we observed the effects of repeated treatment of Korean red ginseng total saponin (GTS. 50 mg/kg. i.p.) in response to repeated unpredictable stress for 10 days. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (230 - 260 g) received with either GTS (50 mg/kg. i.p.) or vehicle (I ml/kg. i.p.) I h before stress for 10 days. Rats were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU. 50 mg/kg. i.p.) 16-18 hr after last stress procedure. and were sacrificed 2 hr later by perfusion. Immunohistochemistry of BrdU was done to measure proliferation of neural progenitor cells in hippocampus. which was used as an index of neurogenesis. Repeated GTS treatment for [0 days increased neurogenesis in subgranular zone area of dentate gyrus (SGZ). but not hilus. compared with vehicle-treated rats. Repeated unpredictable stress did not affect the neurogenesis compared with controls. while repeated GTS treatment increased neurogenesis in SGZ in repeated unpredictable stress-exposed group. BDNF mRNA was also measured in subregions of hippocampus by in situ hybridization. BDNF mRNA expression in CA3 and CA I pyramidal cell layer was increased by repeated GTS treatment but not in dentate granule cell layer. Repeated unpredictable stresses significantly decreased BDNF mRNA expression in all subregions of hippocampus. but repeated GTS treatment did not prevent stress-induced BDNF mRNA downregulation. Given that repeated GTS treatment increased proliferation of neural progenitor cells in repeated unpredictable stress-exposed rats in the presence of decreased BDNF mRNA expression in dentate granule cell layer. it raise the possibility that BDNF may not playa significant role in GTS-mediated increase of neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. Also. these results suggest that repeated GTS treatment increased neurogenesis of SGZ and BDNF mRNA expression. which may account for memory enhancing effect of Korean red ginseng. In addition. repeated GTS treatment appears not to have anti-stress effects in terms of neurotrophin. but GTS-mediated increase of neurogenesis in hippocampus may contribute to increase negative feedback inhibition of HPA axis.