유럽 리그에서 득점과 실점을 이용한 승점 추정에 관한 연구

신상근,조용주,조영석,Shin, Sang-Keun,Cho, Yong-Ju,Cho, Young-Seuk 한국데이터정보과학회 2009 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.20 No.5

본 연구는 1950년부터 2008년까지의 유럽 5대 리그 축구경기 5170게임의 자료에서 승점이 2점인 시즌과 승점이 3점인 시즌으로 나누어 각 리그의 경기당 득점을 비교하였고, 또한 각국 리그에서 승점이 2점인 시즌과 승점이 3점인 시즌의 경기당 득점 평균을 비교하였다. 경기 당 승점을 추정하기 위하여 경기 당 득점과 경기 당 실점을 독립변수로 하여 추정된 회귀식을 유도하였다. 마지막으로 추정된 회귀식을 한국축구 리그에 적용시켰다. This study used data of soccer match 5170 games from 1950 to 2008 in five European football professional leagues. We compared average of SGPG (scored goal per game) in each two and three points of win. And we compared average of SGPG in each leagues. In order to predict PtsG (points per game), we executed regression analysis using SGPG and LGPG (lossed goal per game). Finally, We applied regression analysis to a K-league.

청소년 남.녀의 체형관련변인의 발육달성율에 관한 연구

신상근,Shin Sang-Keun 한국생명과학회 2006 생명과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

청소년 남 녀의 채형관련 변인의 연령증가에 따른 발육 달성율의 변화양상을 분석 평가 하였다. 4개부위의 피하지방후 합은 $12{\sim}14$세를 제외한 전연령구간에서 여자가 남자보다 유의하게 높았으며, 13세를 분기점으로 성차가 커지는 경향을 보였다. 골의 상완골폭은 $13{\sim}15$세를 제외한 전연령구간에서 남자가 여자에 비해 높았으며, 15세를 분기점으로 성차가 컸다. 대퇴골폭은 전연령구간에서 남자가 여자보다. 유의하게 높았으며, 연령이 증가할수록 성차가 약간씩 커지는 경향이었다. 근육의 상완이두근최대위는 7세를 제외한 전연령구간에서 남자가 여자보다. 유의하게 높았으며, 15세를 분기점으로 성차가 점차가 커졌으며, 하퇴대위는 남 녀 모두 연령이 증가할수록 높아지는 경향을 나타내고, $10{\sim}15$세에는 여자가 남자보다 높았다가 16세 이후 남자가 높아지는 교차현상을 나타내었다. 체형의 내배엽성요소는 $10{\sim}11$세를 제외한 전연령구간에 서 여자가 남자보다 높은 반면, 중배엽성요소는 15세를 제외한 전연령구간에서 남자가 여자보다 높았고, 외배엽성요소는 $8{\sim}12$세에 여자가 남자보다 높았다가 13세 이후 남자가 높아지는 교차현상을 보였다. 종합적으로 청소년 남 녀의 체형관련 변인에서 지방조직의 발육정도는 여자가 남자를 앞서며, 근과 골의 발육정도는 남자가 여자보다 높았다. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the sexual difference of the Heath-Carter somatotype related variables in boys and girls from 7 through 19 years of age. In the study design, the subjects and the methods were used by the cross-sectional investigation. The subjects participated in this study were 7 through 19 years of age who belonged to typical primary, junior, senior high school and college students, and about 250 males and 250 females in each group and both sexes. Therefore, the total subjects were 3,046 males and 2,984 females. All subjects of this study lived in Pusan metropolitan city, Korea. Somatotype was calculated by the Heath-Carter's anthropometric somatotype method, In this study, in attaiment rates of sum of 4 sites skinfold and endomorphy growth, girls were significantly higher than boys in all ages intervals except through 13 years of aged groups, respectively. In attainment rates of humerus and femur breadths growth, boys were significantly higher than girls in all ages interval except 13 through 15 years of aged groups, respectively. In attainment rate of arm circumference growth, boys were significantly higher than girls in all ages interval except 7 years of aged group. In attainment rate of calf circumference growth, boys were significantly higher than girls in all ages interal except 15years of aged group. In attainment rate of ectomorphy growth, boys were significantly higher than girls in all aged interal except 8 thorough 12 years of aged groups. This results suggests the urgent necessity of developing systematic and sperate progams to treat such sexual difference in boys and girls.

PHV 척도를 기준한 피하지방후, 근과 골 변인의 사춘기 발육분출에 관한 연구

신상근,Shin Sang-Keun 한국생명과학회 2006 생명과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

인간의 신체적 발육에 있어서 현저한 변화를 보이며, 다른 연령기에 비해 신체교육의 가능성이 크다고 인식되는 아동기와 사춘기 남 녀를 대상으로 생리학적 연령의 PHV 척도를 기준한 피하지방후, 근과 골 변인의 사춘기 발육분출 변화 양상을 분석 평가 하였다. 신장의 PHV 출현은 남자의 경우 $13{\sim}14$세 사이 이며, 여자는 2년 빠른 $11{\sim}12$세 사이인 것으로 나타났다. 체지방의 4개부위에 대한 피하지방후합은 남자의 경우 PHV 출현 -2년에 $8.9mm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로, 여자는 PHV 출현 +2년에 $11.3mm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로 PV에 각각 도달 하였으며, 남 녀 모두 사춘기발육분출 에서 증감의 변동이 많은 양상을 나타내었다. 상완골폭에 있어서 남자의 경우 PHV 출현 -3년과 +2년에 $0.6cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$와 $0.5cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로 2번의 PV에 도달하는 bi-modal 현상을 보였고, 여자는 PHV 출현 -1년에 $0.3cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로 PV에 도달하였다. 대퇴골폭에 있어서 남자는 PHV 출현과 동일시점에 $0.4cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로, 여자는 PHV 출현 -2년에 $0.4cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로 각각 PV에 도달하였다. 근육의 상완이두근 최대위에 있어서 남자는 PHV 출현 +2년에 $2.6cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$, 여자는 PHV 출현 +1년에 $1.0cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로 PV에 각각 도달 하였고, 하퇴위에 있어서 남자는 PHV 출현 +2년에 $1.9cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$, 여자는 PHV 출현과 동일한 시점에 $1.6cm{\cdot}yr^{-1}$로 PV에 도달 하였다. 전체적으로 보아 PHV 척도를 기준으로한 피하지방후 발육의 경우, 남자는 PHV 출현 이전, 여자는 PHV 출현이후, 골의 발육은 남 녀 모두 PHV 출현 이전, 근육의 발육은 남 녀 모두 PHV출현 이후 PV에 각각 도달하는 양상을 보였다. The aim of this study was to examine the timing and magnitude of growth spurt in skinfold, body musle and bone related variables aligned on peak height velocity in boys and girls. In the study design, the subjects and the method were used by the cross-sectional investigation. The subjects participated in this study were 7 through 18 years of age belonged to typical primary, junior, senior high school students, and about 250 males and 250 females in each age group. The total subjects were 2,798 males and 2,762 females. All subjects of this study were lived in Pusan metropolitan city, Korea. The growth velocity magnitudes of sum of the four sites sknfold thickness, body musle and bone related variables. Velocity curve chart of physique was the smoothed according to an approximation of splines by the Sigma Plot-2001 graphic program. In this study, age at PHV of girls occurred eariler about 2 years than boys. In sum of four sites skinfold thickness, PV occurred -2 years from PHV in boys, and PV occurred +2 years from PHV in girls, respectively. In humerus breadth, two PV occurred before and after PHV in boys, whereas PV occurred -1 year from PHV in girls, respectively. In femur breadth, PFV and PHV appeared to occure the same time in boys, PV occurred -2 years from PHV in girls, respectively, In arm circumference, PV occurred after PHV in both sexes. In calf circumference, PV occurred +2 years from PHV in boys, PCCV and PHV appeared to occure the same time in girls, respectively. In magnitudes of peak velocity of body height, humerus breadth, femur breadth, arm circumference and calf circumfence, boys obtained higher than girls, on the other hand, girls obtained higher than boys in sum of four sites skinfold variable. we need to longitudinal and scientific investigation by Korean government level in adolescent growth spurt study, because childhood and adolescence achive higher positive physical education effect than the other ages.

예비교사의 평가 전문성 신장을 위한 동료평가의 유용성에 관한 연구

신상근(Shin Sang-Keun) 팬코리아영어교육학회(구 영남영어교육학회) 2007 영어교육연구 Vol.19 No.1

  The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of peer assessment for developing pre-service teachers’ competence in student assessment. The participants were 20 college students who enrolled in a multimedia-assisted language teaching course, and they were asked to assess peers’ multimedia-assisted English language teaching materials. The analyses of peer assessment results revealed that the participants’ ratings were reliable. The results of generalizability study showed that the students experienced more difficulties rating the content than the design of the materials. The analyses of the degree of agreement in judgement between peer and teacher ratings indicated that the student raters provided lower scores for high-level students and higher scores for low-level students than the instructor. However, the correlations between the teacher assessment and the peer assessment were high. Finally, the students reported that peer assessment was generally a useful exercise. The implications of the findings are discussed.

원어민 채점자와 비원어민 전문 채점자의 채점 경향 비교 연구

신상근(Sang-Keun Shin) 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2015 한국교육문제연구 Vol.33 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 채점자 훈련을 받은 비원어민 채점자가 원어민 채점자 수준으로 채점할 수 있는지 알아보는데 있다. 영어를 외국어로 학습하는 우리나라에서는 원어민 채점자 확보가 어렵고 학교 현장에서는 비원어민 영어 교사가 채점을 담당할 수밖에 없기 때문에 비원어민 채점 능력은 수행평가 정착에 결정적인 요소이다. 비원어민 채점자와 원어민 채점자의 채점 결과를 분석한 기존의 연구가 채점자 훈련을 제대로 받지 못한 비원어민 채점자를 대상으로 이루어진 한계를 극복하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 영어 원어민 대학생 10명과 상위 수준의 비원어민 대학생 10명이 작성한 논설문과 그래프 묘사 작문을 채점 경험이 풍부한 12명의 비원어민 채점자와 3명의 원어민 채점자가 채점하였다. 이들의 채점 결과를 다국면 Rasch모형으로 분석한 결과 채점자 사이에 엄격성에 큰 차이가 나지 않았고 편향도 없는 것으로 나나타났다. 다국면 일반화가능도 분석을 실시해 본 결과 채점자간 일치도가 매우 높고 측정 목표가 대부분의 점수 분산을 설명하여 채점 결과의 신뢰도가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 비원어민 채점자도 영어 구사력이 높고 채점 훈련을 받으면 원어민 수준의 채점이 가능하다는 점을 보여주는 결과로 볼 수 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of non-native English speaking raters' English proficiency on their rating results and strategies. The participants were 13 non-native raters and 3 native raters with extensive rating experiences. They rated 30 argumentative essays and 30 chart description essays written by 20 advanced second language writers and 20 native college students. The results of multi-facet Rasch analyses indicated that there was not any significant difference in the severity of ratings between native and non-native raters. Neither were any bais among rating scales, tasks, and student backgrounds. The results of multivariate generalizability analyses showed that the writers proficiency, which is the object of measurement, accounted for the majority of score variances and the reliability of the ratings was very high. The results of multivariate analysis of variance revealed that the two groups of raters produced comparable scores in all the scoring areas. The findings of the study suggest that non-native raters are able to produce comparable rating results as native raters if they receive proper rater training and accumulate rating experiences.

체지방률에 의한 대학신입생의 비만출현경향에 관한 고찰

신상근(Sang Keun Shin),조인철(In Chul Cho) 한국발육발달학회 1997 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.5 No.1

The purpose of this study is to observe the body considerations on the degree of obesity apperance by percent fat method in university students (subject number male university student 174, female university student 85 in 1997) Dimensions were measured body height, body weight and two site skinfold thickness (triceps and subscapular skinfold). The results are as follows; On the average, ages, body height, body weight and percent body fat in male university students (female university students) were 19.6±1.82(19.3±1.73)years, 172.7±5.31(160.3±4.81)㎝, 65.3±9.23(53.8±5.75)㎏ and 17.3±6.16(28.2±7.38)%, respectively. The percentage of normal group in male and female university students were 72.4% and 56.5%. The percentage of slight fatness group in male and female university students were 17.2% and 18.8%. The percentage of fatness group in male and female university students were 4.6% and 10.6%. The percentage of extreme fatness group in male and female university students were 5.7% and 14.1%, respectively.

중년여성의 비만도별 건강관련 체력과 혈액성분 비교

신상근(Sang Keun Shin),서국은(Kook Eun Seo) 한국발육발달학회 2003 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.11 No.2

가상현실기반 영어 듣기 평가 과제 및 논증기반 타당도 모형 개발 연구

신상근 ( Shin Sang-keun ) 한국중등영어교육학회 2021 중등영어교육 Vol.14 No.3

Visual information plays an important role in listening comprehension. However, most listening tests are conducted as audio-based assessment, which undermines the validity of listening assessment. In order to improve the authenticity of listening assessment, this study attempts to apply virtual reality technology to listening testing to allow examinees to have a sense of presence as if they are in the site of communication and look at whichever direction they desire. Listening assessment tasks that differ in input and expected response depending on the type of virtual reality technology are developed. In addition, validation procedures are developed using the argument-based approach to discern whether the use of virtual reality listening test results is appropriate. For each step of inference, a warrant licensing the inference, the assumptions that the warrant entails, and backing are presented.

A Construct Validation Study of Timed Essay Tests

신상근(Sang-Keun Shin) 한국외국어교육학회 2005 Foreign languages education Vol.12 No.4

This study examined composing processes of six graduate ESL writers in timed essay situations. The participants’ composing behaviors were videotaped and they were asked to retrospect their composing processes after they completed their timed essays while watching the video of themselves composing. The stimulus recall data were transcribed and analyzed using coding schemes. The analyses of the participants’ composing processes show that they were not able to go through composing steps they normally do in drafted writing situations. Instead they were forced to go through a linear composing process and were not able to enjoy heuristic discovery. The findings of this study support the claim that timed essay is a special form of writing and that essay exams do not necessarily produce a representative sample of test takers' writing ability in target language use domains.

초등학교 남학생의 체형 3요소와 체력 각 요소간의 상관분석

신상근(Sang Keun Shin) 한국발육발달학회 1998 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study was focused on the relationship between somatotype and physical fitness performance in elementary school boys(mean age; 8 years old). The Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype method and physical fitness performance 8 items such as grip strength, sit-ups(30secs), 10m shuttle run, standing long jump, standing trunk flexion, 10m eyeclosed straight walking, bar gripping reaction time, and vital capacity were applied to 215 boys at elementary school in Pusan city. measurement actually worked out in April 1991. The following summarized the major observations of the analysis; 1. The mean for the Health-Carter somatotype of elementary school boys were 2.7-4.4-2.4 2. Correlation coefficients between endomorphic component versus muscular strength and power were r=0.20(p$lt;.01) and r=-0.18(p$lt;.01), respectively. 3. Correlation coefficient between mesomorphic component versus muscular strength was r=0.24(p$lt;.01). 4. Correlation coefficient between ectomorphic component versus power was r=0.13(p<.01).