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송하나(Ha-Na Song),장세환(Se-Hwan Jang),김형중(Hyeong-Jung Kim),노재형(Jae Hyung Roh),박종배(Jong-Bae Park) 대한전기학회 2011 전기학회논문지 Vol.60 No.4
In the power system with an electric storage system that can increase utilization rate of the source of such new renewable energy, this paper introduces the approach on the daily unit commitment scheduling that determines simultaneously optimum operational condition and output of thermal generators and electric storage device. The unit commitment is one of the most important issues in economic operation and security of short-term operational plan of the power system. It is to determine on/off status of generator to minimize operational cost during the given period. The committed generator should satisfy various operational limitation such as estimated demand by system, spinning reserve condition within minimum operational cost. In order to determine on/off or charge/discharge/idle condition and output level of units and electric storage system, the MILP(Mixed Integer Linear Programming) is suggested. The proposed approach is the mixed method between LP(Linear Programming) and IP(integer programming) which seeks the value of real number and integer that maximize or minimize function objective within given condition. The daily unit commitment problem with the electric storage system is applied to MILP algorithm through linearization and formulation process. The proposed approach is applied to the test system.
전기소비자의 전기소비형태를 반영한 CBL 분석과 합리적 제안
송하나(Ha-Na Song),김성철(Seong-Cheol Kim) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2016 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.30 No.4
This paper describes reasonable methods by considering Electric Consumption Characteristics into Customer Baseline Load(CBL) of Demand Resources in Negawatt Market, which controls peak power demand and maintains reliability of power system. The Negawatt Market, which KPX(Korea Power Exchange) implement, is explained and then current methods for calculation of CBL are proposed. Finally, feffects for CBL calculated by considering Electric Consumption Characteristics are established. and those results are compared and analyzed.
유아의 스트레스 반응에 대한 연구: 시간의 경과에 따른 변화를 중심으로
송하나 ( Ha Na Song ) 한국유아교육학회 2013 유아교육연구 Vol.33 No.6
본 연구에서는 유아가 스트레스 상황에서 나타내는 반응의 유형을 살펴보고 이러한 반응들이 시간의 변화에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지 알아보았다. 연구 대상은 만 5세 유아 40명(남아22명, 여아18명)이었으며 이 유아들은 유치원에 구성된 관찰실을 어머니와 방문하였다. 유아들은 어머니가 구석에서 지켜보는 가운데 자유 놀이를 수행하다가 낯선 실험자가 예고 없이 들어와서 가지고 놀던 장난감을 모두 치워버리는 스트레스 상황이 제시되었다. 스트레스 상황은 3-5분간 지속되었으며 유아가 보인 스트레스 반응은 두 명의 코더가 분류하였고 시간의 흐름에 따라 초반, 중반, 후반으로 나누어 평균과 표준편차를 구하였다. 연구 결과, 유아들은 스트레스 상황에서 적응적 반응과 짜증, 저항, 위축 반응을 나타냈으며, 짜증을 포함한 부적 반응에서 유의한 성차가 보고되었다. 또한, 적응적 반응에서는 시간의 경과에 따른 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 짜증은 초반부에서 중반부까지 증가하다 후반부에서 감소하였으며, 저항 반응은 초반에 가장 높았으나 후반으로 갈수록 감소하였다. 반면, 위축 반응은 초반보다는 후반부에 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 유아의 스트레스 반응의 변화를 상세히 설명함으로써 적절한 자기 조절 책략을 적용하는데 시사점을 제시할 것으로 생각된다. This study examined adaptive and maladaptive types of reactions to stress stimuli in preschool children, and time-series changes in their reactions. In addition, gender differences in reaction to stress were also examined. Forty children all 5 years of age participated in an experiment in which the experimenter disrupted the children`s playing with toys. Results show that resistant reactions were salient early in the experiment session, and withdrawals were frequently observed in the later period of the experiment, and more so in girls than in boys. There was no significant gender difference in adaptive reactions. These findings are discussed in terms of the fight-flight processes of stress, and suggestions are given for early childhood intervention.
모자 간 눈 맞춤(eye-contact)이 어머니의 통제 행동과 유아의 정서와의 관계에 미치는 영향
송하나(Ha Na Song) 한국아동학회 2014 아동학회지 Vol.35 No.5
This study examined the influences of eye-contact upon the relationship between mothers` control behaviors and emotions of preschool children. The participants of this study were 66 children aged 6, and their mothers. The children and mothers were observed taking part in a writing task for 15 minutes, and two coders analyzed the amount of eye-contact between children and mothers, mothers` verbal and nonverbal support and coercive control, and children`s emotions in the task setting. The results showed that mothers` coercive control and nonverbal support significantly accounted for children`s negative and positive emotions, respectively. In addition, the interaction between eye-contact and mothers` verbal support was significant. In particular, mothers` behaviors significantly affected children`s emotions only when eye-contact occurred. Mothers` behaviors in the absence of eye-contact did not affect children`s emotions. The discussion section included an analysis of the social function of eye-contact on the verbal and nonverbal communication between mothers and children, and suggestions for future study were also presented.
증례보고 : Budd-Chiari Syndrome 환자의 간이식 수술 중 예상 밖의 대량출혈
송하나 ( Ha Na Song ),정성문 ( Sung Moon Jeong ),서영주 ( Young Joo Seo ),김희영 ( Hee Yeong Kim ),전혜영 ( Hye Young Jeon ),최재문 ( Jae Moon Choi ),송준걸 ( Jun Gol Song ),함경돈 ( Kyung Don Hahm ),황규삼 ( Gyu Sam Hwang ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.53 No.6
Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a heterogenous group of disorders characterized by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. Severe liver cirrhosis and limited cardiac reserve in patients with BCS makes them less tolerant to liver transplantation. We experienced two cases of massive bleeding during living donor liver transplantation in patients with BCS. Blood products and fluids were rapidly infused with a rapid infusion system, final infusion volume in these two patients were 177 L and 193 L, and the use of Cell Savers allowed for the patient`s blood products to be saved. The patients were managed successfully and recovered uneventfully with advanced monitoring, including monitoring of their jugular venous oxygen saturation and continuous cardiac output. Therefore, rapid infusion systems and Cell Savers, along with advanced monitoring, are necessary in the event of massive bleeding during liver transplantation. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 53: 796∼802)
아동의 축어 기억과 요점 기억의 발달과 과제의 영향에 관한 연구
송하나(Ha Na Song),최경숙(Kyoung Sook Choi) 한국아동학회 1997 兒童學會誌 Vol.18 No.2
This study examined the development of verbatim and gist memory, and the effects of the relevance and inferential direction of the task on the development of the verbatim and gist memory. The subjects were second, fourth and sixth grade children in elementary schools. Each age group consisted of forty children. Eight sets of inference tasks were administered to each subject. In the task, the relevent and the extraneous sentences were mixed for inferential direction. The sentences that described `which term is more` were inserted in half of the task and the sentences that indicated the direct numbers were included in the other half of the task. The task was presented by the audio tape in which instruction was recorded by one speaker. Results showed that (1) age differences in verbatim memory were significant but age differences in gist memory were not significant. These results indicate that the processes of verbatim and gist memory are separate and independent. (2) The relevance and inferential direction of the task affect gist memory but no verbatim memory. This result also supported independence between verbatim and gist memory. It was suggested that these results can be interpreted in terms of fuzzy trace theory.