建築物에서의 水壓 調節技法

송지수 대한설비공학회 1995 대한설비공학회 강연회 및 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

배관계통의 설계ㆍ시공의 유의점

송지수,Song, Ji-Su 한국설비기술협회 1996 설비 : 공조ㆍ냉동ㆍ위생 Vol.13 No.5

Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: the Usefulness of Rotational Angiography after Endoscopic Marking with a Metallic Clip

송지수,곽효성,정경호 대한영상의학회 2011 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.12 No.4

Objective: We wanted to assess the usefulness of rotational angiography after endoscopic marking with a metallic clip in upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients with no extravasation of contrast medium on conventional angiography. Materials and Methods: In 16 patients (mean age, 59.4 years) with acute bleeding ulcers (13 gastric ulcers, 2 duodenal ulcers, 1 malignant ulcer), a metallic clip was placed via gastroscopy and this had been preceded by routine endoscopic treatment. The metallic clip was placed in the fibrous edge of the ulcer adjacent to the bleeding point. All patients had negative results from their angiographic studies. To localize the bleeding focus, rotational angiography and high pressure angiography as close as possible to the clip were used. Results: Of the 16 patients, seven (44%) had positive results after high pressure angiography as close as possible to the clip and they underwent transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with microcoils. Nine patients without extravasation of contrast medium underwent TAE with microcoils as close as possible to the clip. The bleeding was stopped initially in all patients after treatment of the feeding artery. Two patients experienced a repeat episode of bleeding two days later. Of the two patients, one had subtle oozing from the ulcer margin and that patient underwent endoscopic treatment. One patient with malignant ulcer died due to disseminated intravascular coagulation one month after embolization. Complete clinical success was achieved in 14 of 16 (88%) patients. Delayed bleeding or major/minor complications were not noted. Conclusion: Rotational angiography after marking with a metallic clip helps to localize accurately the bleeding focus and thus to embolize the vessel correctly. Objective: We wanted to assess the usefulness of rotational angiography after endoscopic marking with a metallic clip in upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients with no extravasation of contrast medium on conventional angiography. Materials and Methods: In 16 patients (mean age, 59.4 years) with acute bleeding ulcers (13 gastric ulcers, 2 duodenal ulcers, 1 malignant ulcer), a metallic clip was placed via gastroscopy and this had been preceded by routine endoscopic treatment. The metallic clip was placed in the fibrous edge of the ulcer adjacent to the bleeding point. All patients had negative results from their angiographic studies. To localize the bleeding focus, rotational angiography and high pressure angiography as close as possible to the clip were used. Results: Of the 16 patients, seven (44%) had positive results after high pressure angiography as close as possible to the clip and they underwent transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with microcoils. Nine patients without extravasation of contrast medium underwent TAE with microcoils as close as possible to the clip. The bleeding was stopped initially in all patients after treatment of the feeding artery. Two patients experienced a repeat episode of bleeding two days later. Of the two patients, one had subtle oozing from the ulcer margin and that patient underwent endoscopic treatment. One patient with malignant ulcer died due to disseminated intravascular coagulation one month after embolization. Complete clinical success was achieved in 14 of 16 (88%) patients. Delayed bleeding or major/minor complications were not noted. Conclusion: Rotational angiography after marking with a metallic clip helps to localize accurately the bleeding focus and thus to embolize the vessel correctly.

골반 골절에 동반된 동맥 출혈의 경동맥 색전술

송지수,곽효성,한영민 대한영상의학회 2009 대한영상의학회지 Vol.61 No.5

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in hemodynamically unstable patients with a pelvic bone fracture. Materials and Methods: From November 2004 to July 2007, we retrospectively reviewed 211 patients with pelvic bone fractures. Of these patients, 24 patients with CT findings of active bleeding or hemodynamic instability underwent pelvic angiography. There were 13 female and 11 male patients, with an age range from 21 to 92 years (mean age, 58.3 years). To evaluate arterial injuries, angiography was performed, followed by TAE using coils, gelfoams and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. The evaluation of risk factors between patients who were still alive and patients who had expired was performed statistically by use of the Student’s t test and chisquared analysis. Results: A total of 28 TAE procedures were performed in 24 patients and 50 injured arteries were occluded. Six patients (25%) died due to hypovolemic shock within 47 hours. Five of the patients were hemodynamically unstable (BP below 76/56 mmHg) prior to the angiographic procedure and one patient had a pseudoaneurysm located at the superior mesenteric artery. Dopamine usage and blood pressure before the procedure for patients showed a statistically significant difference between patients were still alive and patients who had expired (p = 0.01, p = 0.001). Conclusion: TAE is a safe and effective treatment for an arterial injury of a pelvic bone fracture. The outcome of patients with a hemodynamically unstable state before TAE is poor. 목적: 골반 골절과 관련된 동맥 출혈에 대한 경동맥 색전술의 효과를 알아보고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 2004년 11월부터 2007년 7월까지 외상으로 인한 골반 골절이 있는 211명의 환자를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 이들 중 혈역학적 불안정성이나 전산화 단층 촬영상 급성 출혈 소견을 가진 24명에서 골반 혈관촬영을 시행하였다. 여자가 13명, 남자가 11명, 연령 분포는 21세에서 92세 사이였다(평균 58.3세). 혈관 조영술로 동맥 손상을 확인하고 나서 코일, 젤폼, 또는 NBCA (N-butyl cyanoacrylate)를 이용하여 색전술을 시행하였다. 생존군과 사망군 사이의 위험인자에 대하여 Student’s t test와 chi-squared analysis를 실시하였다. 결과: 경동맥 색전술은 24명의 환자에 대해서 총 28회 시행되었고 50개의 손상된 혈관을 막았다. 이들 중 6명(25%)은 저혈압 쇼크로 47시간 이내에 사망하였으며, 이 중 5명의 시술 전 혈압은 76 mmHg/56 mmHg 이하로 저혈압에 해당하였다. 1명의 환자에서 상장간막 동맥 손상 및 가성동맥류가 있었다. 두 군 사이에 도파민 사용 여부와 시술 전 수축기 혈압은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p = 0.01, p = 0.001). 결론: 경동맥 색전술은 골반 골절에 동반된 동맥 손상환자의 치료에 안전하고 효과적인 치료법이며, 경동맥 색전술 전 혈역학적으로 불안정한 상태의 환자는 예후가 안 좋다.

농심 부산공장을 가다!!

송지수 한국생물공학회 2013 BT NEWS Vol.20 No.2

건물 표면의 풍압분포에 관한 수치적 예측

송지수,박승오 한국풍공학회 2008 한국풍공학회지 Vol.12 No.1

건물 주변의 다양한 공기역학적 현상을 예측하는데 있어서 난류모델의 성능을 평가하고자 수치해석을 수행 하였다. TTU 건물을 대상으로 했고, 해석결과들은 실제 측정치, 풍동 실험 결과 그리고 난류모델을 이용하여 얻은 수치해석결과 등과 비교하였다. 평균풍압계수의 분포는 다른 참고자료와 잘 일치하였고, 난류모델과 비교했을 때 rms 풍압계수 그리고 peak 풍압계수의 분포도 좋은 결과를 보였다. A numerical simulation with turbulence model is carried out to simulate building aerodynamics. Specifically, the computation is carried out against the TTU building and the results are compared with the field data, wind tunnel experimental data, and those obtained by the computation with model. It is found that the predicted mean pressure coefficient distribution agreed well with the reference data. Rms pressure coefficient and peak pressure coefficient distribution were also estimated, predicted well when compared with the turbulence model

Intra-Individual, Inter-Vendor Comparison of Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging of Upper Abdominal Organs at 3.0 Tesla with an Emphasis on the Value of Normalization with the Spleen

송지수,황승배,정경호,진공용 대한영상의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.17 No.2

Objective: To compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of upper abdominal organs with 2 different 3.0 tesla MR systems and to investigate the usefulness of normalization using the spleen. Materials and Methods: Forty-one patients were enrolled in this prospective study, of which, 35 patients (M:F, 27:8; mean age ± standard deviation, 62.3 ± 12.3 years) were finally analyzed. In addition to the routine liver MR protocol, single-shot spin-echo echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging using b values of 0, 50, 400, and 800 s/mm2 in 2 different MR systems was performed. ADC values of the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney and liver lesion (if present) were measured and analyzed. ADC values of the spleen were used for normalization. The Pearson correlation, Spearman correlation, paired sample t test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and Bland-Altman method were used for statistical analysis. Results: For all anatomical regions and liver lesions, both non-normalized and normalized ADC values from 2 different MR systems showed significant correlations (r = 0.5196–0.8488). Non-normalized ADC values of both MR systems differed significantly in all anatomical regions and liver lesions (p < 0.001). However, the normalized ADC of all anatomical regions and liver lesions did not differ significantly (p = 0.065–0.661), with significantly lower coefficient of variance than that of non-normalized ADC (p < 0.009). Conclusion: Normalization of the abdominal ADC values using the spleen as a reference organ reduces differences between different MR systems, and could facilitate consistent use of ADC as an imaging biomarker for multi-center or longitudinal studies.

Attenuation-Based Automatic Kilovoltage Selection and Sinogram-Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction: Effects on Radiation Exposure and Image Quality of Portal-Phase Liver CT

송지수,최은정,김은영,곽효성,한영민 대한영상의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.16 No.1

To compare the radiation dose and image quality between standard-dose CT and a low-dose CT obtained with the combined use of an attenuation-based automatic kilovoltage (kV) selection tool (CARE kV) and sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) for contrast-enhanced CT examination of the liver. We retrospectively reviewed 67 patients with chronic liver disease in whom both, standard-dose CT with 64-slice multidetector-row CT (MDCT) (protocol A), and low-dose CT with 128-slice MDCT using CARE kV and SAFIRE (protocol B) were performed. Images from protocol B during the portal phase were reconstructed using either filtered back projection or SAFIRE with 5 different iterative reconstruction (IR) strengths. We performed qualitative and quantitative analyses to select the appropriate IR strength. Reconstructed images were then qualitatively and quantitatively compared with protocol A images. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of protocol B demonstrated that SAFIRE level 2 (S2) was most appropriate in our study. Qualitative and quantitative analysis comparing S2 images from protocol B with images from protocol A, showed overall good diagnostic confidence of S2 images despite a significant radiation dose reduction (47% dose reduction, p < 0.001). Combined use of CARE kV and SAFIRE allowed significant reduction in radiation exposure while maintaining image quality in contrast-enhanced liver CT.

Multicystic Biliary Hamartoma of the Liver

송지수,문우성,노상재,조백환 대한병리학회 2013 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.47 No.3

Multicystic biliary hamartoma (MCBH) is a very rare hamartomatous cystic nodule of the liver, which has recently been described as a new entity of a hepatic nodular lesion. We report a unique case of MCBH with a review of the literatures. A hepatic multicystic mass of segment 3 was detected in a 52-year-old male by abdominal computed tomography, and resection of this lesion was performed. Macroscopic examination revealed a 2.7×2.0 cm nodular mass with a multicystic honeycomb cut surface. Histologically, this lesion consisted of multiple dilated cystic ducts lined by biliary type epithelial cells, periductal glands and connective tissue, which included small amounts of hepatic parenchyma and blood vessels. Recognition of this unusual lesion is essential to avoid confusion with other cystic tumors of the liver, and to learn more about its natural history and response to treatment.

Designation of the Boundary Conditions for Estimating the Thrust Loss due to Thruster-Hull Interactions

송지수,이승재,김주성 한국해양공학회 2022 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.36 No.6

The azimuth thruster is mainly installed on a vessel that requires a dynamic positioning (DP) function for special purposes. When the azimuth thruster on a vessel operates for DP, the thrust loss is induced by the thruster-hull interaction. This study examined the influence of boundary conditions in numerical simulations for predicting thrust loss. Wind turbine installation vessels (WTIV) and floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) were chosen as a target vessels. In this study, two types of boundaries were defined. The first consideration is that the boundary condition was assigned with consideration of the azimuth angle of the thruster, whereas it is fixed regardless azimuth angle of the thruster. The predicted thrust loss according to these boundary conditions showed a difference. This observation originated from the current load of the vessel. Therefore, the boundary conditions for which the current load is not induced need to be designated to obtain a realistic thrust loss in a numerical simulation.