급성 및 아급성 슬개골 탈구에 대한 관절경적 치료

송인수,김승기,전재균,송철 대한슬관절학회 2005 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.17 No.2

쥐와 개의 척수 손상 모델에서 신경영양인자의 변화 및 의미

송인수,양준영,이준규,주용범,차수민 대한척추외과학회 2011 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Study Design : Experimental, prospective study Objectives : To examine the changes in the variable factors after an acute spinal cord injury(SCI) in rats and dogs simultaneously. Summary of Literature Review : No study has examined the variations of several factors in a SCI model in different species. Materials and Methods : In rats, a laminectomy was performed at the T10 level and the injured spinal cord was extracted. In Beagle dogs, the laminectomy level was T10 and T11. The motor function was evaluated using a modified Tarlov’s scale. A RT2 profiler PCR array was used to examine each factor (inflammatory cytokines, factors-related with apoptosis, neurotrophic factors, factors-related with extraceullar matrix). Results : IL-2, TNF, TNFRSF11B increased with time and showed no statistical difference between two species, but TNFSF13B showed a significant difference. BDNF decreased with time in both species, and GDNF was significantly lower in dogs. NGFβ, CTNF and its receptors showed no significant changes in the two species. MMP1 increased in both species but MMP7 decreased in rats and increased in dogs with time, and showed a significant difference between species. Conclusion : The change in inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix correlates with each factor in the combined patterns. Moreover, during the first week after SCI, inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, neutrophic factors, and extracellular matrix factors may show a partial difference between experimental animals, which means that an animal model can be selected according to the particular experimental plan. Key Words : Spinal cord injury, Inflammatory cytokines, Factors-related with apoptosis, Neurotrophic factors, Factors-related with extraceullar matrix 연구방법: 실험적, 전향적 연구목적: 급성 척수 손상 후 다양한 인자의 변화가 쥐와 개에서 어떻게 일어나는 지 동시에 알아보고자 하였다. 선행문헌의 요약: 다른 종(種)간의 급성 척수 손상 후 다양한 신경 인자(염증 사이토카인, 세포 사멸과 연관된 인자, 신경영양인자, 세포외 기질과 연관된인자) 들의 변화를 비교하는 연구는 지금까지 없었다. 대상 및 방법: 쥐의 10번째 흉추 위치에서 추궁 절제를 시행 후, 인위적 척수 손상을 유발하였고 개에서는 10번째와 11번째 흉추에서 추궁 절제, 척수손상을 유발하였다. 운동학적 평가는 변형된 Tarlov’s scale을 이용하였다. 염증 사이토카인(IL-2, TNF, TNFRSF11B, TNFSF13B), 세포 사멸과 연관된인자(JUN, NFKβ1), 신경영양인자(BDNF, GDNF, NGFβ, NGFRAP1, CNTF, CNTFR), 세포외 기질과 연관된 인자(CSPG2, MMP1, MMP7) 분석에 RT2profiler PCR array를 이용하였다. 결과: IL-2, TNF, TNFRSF11B는 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였고 두 종간에 통계학적 차이는 없었으나 TNFSF13B는 통계학적으로 의미 있는 차이를보였다. BDNF는 두 종 모두 시간이 경과하면서 감소하였고 GDNF는 개에서는 확연히 감소하였고 이는 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이를 보였다. NGFβ,CNTF와 그 수용체들은 종간의 뚜렷한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. MMP1은 두 종 모두에서 증가하였으나 MMP7은 쥐에서는 시간이 경과할수록 감소하고 개에서는 증가하는 양상을 보였으며, 두 종간에 의미 있는 차이를 나타내었다. 결론: 신경영양인자를 중심으로 염증 사이토카인과 세포외 기질 인자의 변화는 상호 작용하는 것이며, 척수 손상 후 급성기 중 일주일까지 염증, 세포사멸, 신경영양인자, 그리고 세포외 기질의 연구에 실험 동물간에 일부 차이가 있음을 알 수 있어 향후 실험 계획 중 동물 모델의 선정 자료로 활용할 수있을 것이다. 색인 단어: 척수 손상, 염증 사이토카인, 세포 사멸 인자, 신경영양인자, 세포외 기질 인자약칭 제목: 척수 손상 후의 신경인자들의 변화

시각화 기법을 이용한 악성코드 분석 및 분류 연구

송인수,이동휘,김귀남 한국융합보안학회 2010 융합보안 논문지 Vol.10 No.3

인터넷 기술의 급격한 발전으로 인한 편리함과 더불어 다양한 악성코드들이 제작되고 있다. 악성코드의 발생건수는 날이 갈수록 부지기수로 늘어나고 있으며, 변종 혹은 새로운 악성코드에 대한 유포는 매우 심각하여 악성코드에 대한 분석은 절실히 필요한 시점이다. 악성코드에 대한 판단기준을 설정할 필요가 있으며, 알고리즘을 이용한 악성코드 분류의 단점은 이미 발견된 악 성코드에 대한 분류는 효율적이나 새롭게 생긴 악성코드나 변종된 악성코드에 대해서는 새로운 탐지가 어려운 단점이 있다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 시각화 기법의 장점을 이용하여 기존의 다 변량의 악성코드에 대한 측정 및 분석뿐만 아니라, 변종 혹은 새로운 악성코드에 대해서도 새로 운 패턴 혹은 형태를 도출하여 새로운 악성코드와 변종들에 대해서 대처하는데 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 업체에서 제공되는 악성코드 속성을 시각화하여 분석하는 기법을 제안하고자 한다. The expansion of internet technology has made convenience. On the one hand various malicious code is produced. The number of malicious codes occurrence has dramadically increasing, and new or variant malicious code circulation very serious, So it is time to require analysis about malicious code. About malicious code require set criteria for judgment, malicious code taxonomy using Algorithm of weakness difficult to new or variant malicious code taxonomy but already discovered malicious code taxonomy is effective. Therefore this paper of object is various malicious code analysis besides new or variant malicious code type or form deduction using visualization of strong. Thus this paper proposes a malicious code analysis and grouping method using visualization.

방치된 상완골 경부 낭종 내로의 상완골두의 함몰골절로 인한 견관절 관절염의 치료

송인수,정재용,이봉주 대한견주관절의학회 2011 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.3

Discoid Medial Meniscus Tear, with a Literature Review of Treatments

송인수,김준범,이종근,박병섭 대한슬관절학회 2017 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.29 No.3

The present study reports our experience of treating four cases of symptomatic discoid medial meniscus, three of which were bilateral. We performed partial meniscectomy with a four­portal technique using a knife leaving a 6 mm peripheral margin after confirmation of magnetic resonance imaging findings. Clinical results were assessed at the end of 2­year follow­up using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and a visual analogue scale. We obtained satisfactory clinical results without recurrence of the symptoms in all cases.

A Comparison of Two Different Soft Tissue Tenodesis Procedures of Long Head of Biceps Tendon in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair

송인수,이종근 대한견주관절의학회 2013 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

성형외과 영역에서 감시마취와 BIS를 이용한 효과적인 정맥수면마취

송인수,양원용,유영천,박준 대한미용성형외과학회 2005 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.11 No.1

We replaced anesthesia of operations, which has done under local or general anesthesia, by MAC(monitored anesthesia care) with various patient's monitoring devices such as BIS(bispectral index). From April 2003 to March 2004, 48 cases of operations were done in MAC with supplemental equipments. Induction, maintenance of anesthesia was performed by propofol and midazolam. Pain control was done by fentanyl and ketamine. For monitoring the depth of anesthesia in real time, and BIS scale was checked and was maintained in 40-60. All anesthesias were done by the anesthesiologist that was communicated with operator for information between patient's status and operation procedures. All operations and anesthesias progressed with stability and safety, and there was no major postoperative complication. Because BIS was relatively accurate device, there was no over dose of anesthetic agents, which was induced by patient's uncertain pain complain under sedation and no anxiety of operator, that was raised by no responsive patient. BIS made possible that operation under MAC was effective and safe, operator perform it with non-stress condition and followed by good surgical result.

친환경 모빌리티용 IPMSM 전동기의 코일부에 발생되는 온도 특성 분석 및 냉각 회로 설계 프로세스

송인수,최명균,최윤용 한국자기학회 2023 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.33 No.4

Recently, with the rapid spread of eco-friendly mobility, there is an increasing demand for improved driving performance, and in particular, miniaturization, high efficiency, and high performance of drive motors are becoming important factors. In order to achieve this required performance, optimization of many design factors is required, and in particular, stable control of the temperature generated in the coil part and cooling circuit design are important factors. However, predicting the heating temperature distribution of the coil from the initial design stage of the motor requires a lot of experience and know-how. This is the result of trial and error obtained through repeated processes of initial design, product manufacturing, test measurement, and modified design. Recently, a motor design method using proven commercial software analysis techniques has been widely used to reduce this complicated process and to speed up the initial design. In this paper, using CAE commercial software, we introduce motor design cases considering coil heating temperature analysis and cooling circuit design from the initial design stage of the motor.

Results of Revision Surgery and Causes of Unstable Total Knee Arthroplasty

송인수,선두훈,전재건,장성원,선동혁 대한정형외과학회 2014 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.6 No.2

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate causes of unstable total knee arthroplasty and results of revision surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 24 knees that underwent a revision arthroplasty for unstable total knee arthroplasty. The average follow-up period was 33.8 months. We classified the instability and analyzed the treatment results according to its cause. Stress radiographs, postoperative component position, and joint level were measured. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score and range of motion. Results: Causes of instability included coronal instability with posteromedial polyethylene wear and lateral laxity in 13 knees, coronal instability with posteromedial polyethylene wear in 6 knees and coronal and sagittal instability in 3 knees including post breakage in 1 knee, global instability in 1 knee and flexion instability in 1 knee. Mean preoperative/postoperative varus and valgus angles were 5.8°/3.2° (p = 0.713) and 22.5°/5.6° (p = 0.032). Mean postoperative α, β, γ, δ angle were 5.34°, 89.65°, 2.74°, 6.77°. Mean changes of joint levels were from 14.1 mm to 13.6 mm from fibular head (p = 0.82). The mean HSS score improved from 53.4 to 89.2 (p = 0.04). The average range of motion was changed from 123° to 122° (p = 0.82). Conclusions: Revision total knee arthroplasty with or without a more constrained prosthesis will be a definite solution for an unstable total knee arthroplasty. The solution according to cause is very important and seems to be helpful to avoid unnecessary over-constrained implant selection in revision surgery for total knee instability.

Conversion of Failed Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty to Hemiarthroplasty: Three Cases of Instability and Three Cases of Glenoid Loosening

송인수,정덕희,정의탁,안충한 대한정형외과학회 2019 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.11 No.4

Background: Glenoid loosening and postoperative instability are common causes of failed reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). When soft-tissue problems or large glenoid bone defect interferes with reimplantation in revision RTSA, conversion to hemiarthroplasty can be considered. We present a case series of patients who underwent conversion to hemiarthroplasty due to glenoid loosening and early instability after RTSAs, along with clinical results. Methods: A total of 72 primary RTSAs using the Aequalis prosthesis were performed at our institution from May 2009 to December 2016. Of these, five patients, including one with humeral neck fracture and absent rotator cuff and four with cuff tear arthropathy, underwent conversion to hemiarthroplasty. Another patient who had RTSA at a local clinic underwent hemiarthroplasty at our institution for unresolved postoperative anterior dislocation. The mean age of the six patients was 71.7 years (range, 62 to 76 years), and the mean follow-up period was 24.4 months (range, 18 to 30 months). Clinical assessments were conducted by using the visual analog scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgery (ASES) score, and University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder score at the last follow-up. Results: The conversion to hemiarthroplasty in the six patients dramatically improved the mean VAS score (preoperative, 8.1; postoperative, 2.5), ASES score (preoperative, 22.1; postoperative, 56.5), and UCLA score (preoperative, 12; postoperative, 18.1). However, the range of motion was almost unchanged after surgery. Conclusions: Conversion to hemiarthroplasty can be a good alternative to revision RTSA in patients with serious complications (such as unresolved instability and glenoid loosening) difficult to treat with revision RTSA