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논오리 방사밀도가 오리의 행동양상 및 벼 생육 , 수량에 미치는 영향
송영한,고병대,Manda, Masaharu 한국환경농학회 2001 한국환경농학회지 Vol.20 No.2
벼논 오리농법에 있어서 오리 방사체계를 명확히 하기 위해 각 처리구를 4 a의 동일면적으로 구분하고, 방사 오리수를 각각 6수, 9수, 12수 및 15수씩으로 하는 4처리구를 설계하여 방사밀도에 따른 오리의 행동형 및 벼 생육과 수량반응에 미치는 영향에 대하여 검토하였던 바, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 오리 방사밀도에 따른 일중 12시간 동안의 행동변화에서 섭식 및 이동행동은 12수 방사구에서 가장 길었고, 노동행동에서도 다른 3처리구에 비해 12수 방사구에서 유의적으로 길게 나타났다(P<0.05). 반면 휴식행동은 12수 방사구에 비해 9수 및 15수 방사구에서 현저히 길게 나타났다(P<0.05). 방사오리가 가장 활발한 활동을 보이는 일중 6시간 동안의 이동 회수는 15수 방사구에서 가장 적었고 나머지 3처리구간에서는 거의 비슷한 수준을 보였다. 잠수회수는 9수 방사구에서 다른 3처리구에 비해 유의적으로 많았으며(P<0.01), 벼 포기 쪼는 회수도 9수 방사구에서 12수 및 15수 방사구에 비해 현저히 많았다(P<0.05). 그러나 오리가 쪼은 총 벼포기수에서는 방사밀도가 낮은 6수 및 9수 방사구에 비해 15수 방사구에서 유의적으로 많았다(P<0.01). 벼 초장은 오리 방사후 30일째부터 방사밀도가 높을 수록 짧아지는 경향을 보였고(P<0.05), 莖數는 방사밀도에 의해 대차없었다. 출수후 벼 생육변화에서 稈長은 방사밀도가 높은 12수 및 15수 방사구에서 짧았고(P<0.05), 穗長은 오리 방사밀도에 의해 대차없었다. 벼 지상부의 건물중량은 방사밀도가 높을 수록 낮은 값에 편중됨을 보인 반면, 지하부의 건물중량은 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 오리 방사밀도에 따른 벼 결주발생수은 15수 방사구에서 가장 많았고, 다음으로 6수, 9수 및 12수의 순으로 나타났다. 한편 穗當 영화수는 6수 및 9수 방사구에 비해 12수 및 15수 방사구에서 유의적으로 많았고(P<0.05), 등숙율은 다른 3처리구에 비해 15수 방사구에서 낮은 경향을 보였다. 10 a당 수량은 12수 방사구에서 726.5 ㎏으로 가장 높은 수량증가를 보였고, 다음으로 9수, 15수 및 6수 방사구의 순으로 나타났다. The current study was conducted to elucidate the optimum density of free-ranging ducks in a rice-duck farming system in terms of effects on duck behavior, and growth and yield of rice plants. Four paddy fields were used for this experiment, with 6, 9, 12 and 15 birds per plot, respectively. Ducklings at eight days of age were free ranged in experimental paddy plots (4.0 a each) on the 9th day after the transplantation of rice plants. Ducks were kept in the plot for seventy days, at which point rice plants reached the earing stage. Foraging, moving, working, resting, diving and pecking behaviors of the ducks were observed two times during the experimental period. Also, rice plant growth and yield according to the density of ducks per plot were examined. The foraging and moving behavior of free-ranging ducks in paddy fields for 12 hours during the daytime tended to be longer in the 12-bird plot, and working behavior was significantly (P<0.01) longer in the 12-bird plot than in the other three plots. The resting behavior was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the 9- and 15-bird plots than in the 12-bird plot. The frequency of moving behavior for 6 hours during the daytime in the 15-bird plot tended to be lower than that in the other three plots, but this difference was not significant. The amount of diving and pecking behavior in the 9-bird plot was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the other three plots, and the number of hills pecked tended to be higher with increasing of duck density. From thirty days after ducks were introduced to the paddy fields, the length of rice plants tended to be significantly (P<0.05) shorter in high free-ranging density plots as compared to low free-ranging density plots. The number of tillers per hill was not affected by the free-ranging density. The culm length of rice plants was significantly (P<0.05) shorter in the 12- and 15-bird plots than in the other two plots, however, the duck free-ranging density did not affect panicle length. The dry weight of the root of rice plants was increased with high free-ranging density, but there was no such increase in the top parts of the rice plants. The percent of rice plants badly damaged by free-ranging density tended to be lower in the order of 12-, 9-, 6- and 15-bird plots. The number of ears, ripening grains and crop yield per hill of rice plants in the 12-bird plot were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of the other three plots. Therefore, the yield of each rice plant per 10 a was significantly increased in the 12-bird plot.
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방사오리의 접촉자극이 벼 생육 , 내도복성 및 수량에 미치는 영향
송영한,고병대,중서양효,만전정치 한국환경농학회 2001 한국환경농학회지 Vol.20 No.4
이상의 결과에서, 방사오리의 벼 접촉자극에 의해 줄기를 포함한 지상부 및 지하부의 건물중량은 유의적으로 증가하고, 벼초장, 간장 및 하위절간의 신장생장은 현저하게 억제되는 것이 인정되었다. 또한 오리 접촉자극에 의해 줄기의 좌절저항력은 크게 증가하는 반면, 휨 모멘트는 감소함을 보여 벼 도복억제 또는 도복경감의 효과가 시사되었다. 수량형질에 있어서 오리의 접촉자극에 의해 1이삭당 평균영화수, 등숙율 및 천림중은 대차 없었으나 유효분얼경수 및 포기당 이삭수의 현저한 증가가 인정되어 최종적으로 벼 수량의 증가를 볼 수 있었다. 금후, 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 바탕으로 방사오리의 접촉자극과 벼 생장과의 메커니즘을 보다 과학적으로 해명할 필요가 있고, 이를 위해서는 오리행동을 모방한 인위적인 접촉자극에 의한 영향 및 식물의 생장 반응에 영향하는 것으로 알려진 메치오닌, 에칠렌, 지베렐린 등의 식물생장호르몬과 접촉자극과의 관련성에 대한 추가적인 검증과정이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to clarify the effects of physical stimulation to the rice plant by free-ranging ducks (Chinese native ducks) on growth, lodging resistance and yield of the rice plants in a rice-duck farming system. Two paddy fields were used for this experiment, one exposed to physical stimulation (PS) and the other with no physical stimulation (NPS). Fifteen days after ducks were introduced into the paddy plot, rice plants in the PS field were significantly (P<0.05) shorter than those in the NPS field. Measurements of lodging characteristics showed that, the 3rd internode was significantly (P<0.05) shorter in the PS treatment than in the NPS treatment, but neither the 4th internode length nor the center of gravity of the rice plants differed between treatments. The breaking strength of N₄ in PS rice was significantly (P<0.05) higher than in NPS rice, however the bending moment and the lodging index of N₃ (distance between fulcra - 5 ㎝) was significantly (P<0.05) lower in PS than in NPS. The number of panicles per ㎡ was significantly (P<0.05) greater in PS rice than in NPS, but there was no such difference in spikelet number per panicle, percentage of ripened grain or weight per 1000 kernels. Paddy rice yield per ㎡ in the PS treatment was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the NPS treatment.
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쥐의 뇌 미토콘드리아 알데히드탈수소효소의 정제와 특성에 관한 연구
송영한,주충노,Song, Young-Han,Joo, Chung-No 생화학분자생물학회 1991 한국생화학회지 Vol.24 No.6
쥐의 뇌 미토콘드리아에서 알데히드탈수소효소(ALDH)를 추출, 정제하고 특성을 조사 하였다. 쥐의 뇌 미토콘드리아에는 적어도 3가지 isozyme이 존재한다. 가용성 ALDH-I은 $NAD(P)^+$ 의존성이며 succinic semialdehyde에 대한 $K_m(2.9{\times}10^{-6}M)$은 낮지만 acetaldehyde에 대한 $K_m$($10^{-3}M$ 수준)은 비교적 높다. 그러나 또 하나의 가용성 ALDH는 succinic semialdehyde와 반응하지 않았다. 막결합 ALDH도 succinic semialdehyde에 대한 $K_m$이 낮지만 반응속도가 느리고 그의 $V_{max}/K_m$는 가용성 ALDH-I의 1/25에 불과하였다. 또한 ALDH-I은 acetaldehyde에 의해 상당히 억제된다. 이와 같은 결과로 보아 ALDH-I는 GABA 대사에 관여하며 과음으로 인한 생리장해와 연관된다고 생각된다. Rat brain mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenast isozymes were purified and characterized. There were at last three mitochondrial ALDH isozymes. The soluble ALDH-I was $NAD(P)^+$ dependent and it has a very low $K_m(2.9{\times}10^{-6}M)$ for succinic semialdehyde but it has a relatively high $K_m$($10^{-3}M$ level) for acetaldehyde. However, another soluble ALDH isozyme did not react with succinic semialdehyde. The membrane bound ALDH also has a very low $K_m$ for succinic semialdehyde, however, its reaction rate was slow and its $V_{max}/K_m$ value was only 1/25 that of the soluble ALDH-I. The soluble ALDH-I was significantly inhibited by acetaldehyde. It seemed that ALDH-I might be involved in GABA metabolism related with physiological disturbance caused by over consumption of ethanol.
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송영한,이정석,김정학,김재준 대한건축학회 2007 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.23 No.6
Recently, domestic construction companies have been moving towards overseas markets due to decreasing orders and an increase in competitiveness within the domestic market. However, there is a higher risk involved in the overseas construction industry than in the domestic construction industry. In addition, the investment development business, which is becoming an alternative way for many mid sized enterprises to enter overseas markets, has high earning rates. However, the risks are also high. Consequently, if a business claims bankruptcy, it will carry a substantial impact within the industry. Therefore, the effective management of risks is the most important factor when deciding whether a business will succeed or fail. Hence, this research will mainly deliberate the investment development business in Asia; it will present a system that can be used for taking a triangular position to the management of risk, as deducing risk factors and analyzing it. Furthermore, it will help to manage risks more effectively, by analyzing the importance between the factors involved and risks in advance.
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쥐의 뇌 미토콘드리아 알데히드탈수소효소의 정제와 특성에 관한 연구
송영한,주충노 ( Young Han Song,Chung No Joo ) 생화학분자생물학회 1991 BMB Reports Vol.24 No.6
Rat brain mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenast isozymes were purified and characterized. There were at last three mitochondrial ALDH isozymes. The soluble ALDH-I was NAD(P)^+ dependent and it has a very low K_m (2.9×10^(-6)M) for succinic semialdehyde but it has a relatively high K_m (10^(-3)M level) for acetaldehyde. However, another soluble ALDH isozyme did not react with succinic semialdehyde. The membrane bound ALDH also has a very low K_m for succinic semialdehyde, however, its reaction rate was slow and its V_(max)/K_m value was only 1/25 that of the soluble ALDH-I. The soluble ALDH-I was significantly inhibited by acetaldehyde. It seemed that ALDH-I might be involved in GABA metabolism related with physiological disturbance caused by over consumption of ethanol.
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