제주도 지하수 관정 내 질산성질소 오염도 평가

송성호,황보동준,장기영,김진성,서상기,양원석,Song, Sung-Ho,Hwangbo, Dongjun,Jang, Ki-Young,Kim, Jin-Sung,Seo, Sang-Ki,Yang, Won-Seok 한국지하수토양환경학회 2021 지하수토양환경 Vol.26 No.4

In this study, the evaluation standard for nitrate nitrogen contamination degree (WELCUP) was established using six factors that influence the groundwater quality in Jeju Island. To do this, weightings, ranges, and ratings were assigned for each factor and the relative possibility of nitrate nitrogen contamination degree was evaluated using WELCUP index for each well. As a result of calculating the WELCUP index using groundwater quality data of 5,112 wells in Jeju Island for 27 years (1993-2019), all 61 wells with the WELCUP index value higher than 100 are distributed in Daejung and Hangyung watershed with relatively large area of farmland in Jeju Island. In particular, as the ratio of private wells is more than 64%, it is necessary that systematic management is needed for private wells in terms of nitrate nitrogen contamination. Consequently, based on the results of applying the WELCUP evaluation standard, it is necessary to select the prioritization of nitrate nitrogen contamination pathways project for groundwater wells in Jeju Island.

농업용 관정의 기계적 처리 이후 성능 개선 효과의 정량적 평가 사례

송성호,이병선,안중기,Song, Sung-Ho,Lee, Byung-Sun,An, Jung-Gi 한국지하수토양환경학회 2016 지하수토양환경 Vol.21 No.4

Step-drawdown pumping tests for identifying the improvement of groundwater well performance after rehabilitation treatments were conducted in three longstanding wells. Three selective mechanical treatment methods including power bubble, high-voltage electric pulse, and air surging were applied to these wells and the applicability of these methods to secure additional groundwater resources were evaluated quantitatively. Commonly, drawdown at final stage of stepdrawdown pumping tests after rehabilitation decreased by as much as 0.61~0.70 meters compared to those before rehabilitation. In addition, final specific drawdown values of three wells increased from 9% to 14% after rehabilitation. Formation loss coefficient and well loss coefficient decreased to 6.1% and 60.6%, respectively, indicating some clogging materials by precipitation/corrosion/microbe within pores of aquifer materials, gravel packs, and screens were effectively removed by applied methods. Decrease of formation loss coefficient was higher in the well applied by the power bubble method meanwhile high-voltage electric pulse method demonstrated the higher decrease of well loss coefficient. Additionally secured groundwater amounts after rehabilitation ranged from 23.3 to 32.1 m³/day, which account for 8~16% of initially developed pumping rates of the wells. From the results of this study, the effective selection of rehabilitation treatments considering aquifer characteristics are expected to contribute to secure groundwater resources for irrigation as well as to plan systematic management program for groundwater resources in rural area.

북한의 가뭄 특성 변화가 농업에 미치는 영향 평가

송성호,김혁,Song, Sung-Ho,Kim, Hyuk 한국지하수토양환경학회 2022 지하수토양환경 Vol.27 No.5

To evaluate the impact of drought on agriculture in N. Korea, SPI (standardized precipitation index) analysis was carried out by utilizing time-series precipitation data during 1996 - 2003 when severe drought occurred throughout the country. The SPI value was estimated to reach 12 in approximately 60% of the total period, indicating that agricultural productivity deteriorated rapidly due to the long-term drought. The national average drought cycle, based on SPI 12, was estimated as 32.5 months for the last 40 years. However, when examined on 20-year basis, the drought cycle was shortened by 10.6 months in last 20 years (30.3 months) as compared to previous 20 years (40.9 months). Annual crop production continued to increase mainly in rice and maize until the mid-1990s, but declined sharply thereafter due to the drought. After the drought period, the production of potatoes of which growth is more resistant to drought started to increase to the production level comparable to those of rice and soybean. It is expected that changes in the agricultural production environment in N. Korea will be inevitable due to the climate change. To this end, using the results of the drought cycle analysis, it is possible to analyze the changes in the agricultural production environment in N. Korea in the future.

해수침투지역에서 1차원 전기비저항 탐사 자료의 공간분석

송성호,이규상,김진성,성백욱,박남식,홍성훈,Song Sung-Ho,Lee Gyu-Sang,Kim Jin-Sung,Seong Baek-Uk,Park Namsik,Hong Sung-Hun 한국관개배수위원회 2005 한국관개배수논문집 Vol.12 No.1

Although experimental analysis for groundwater sample at wells located systematically are very effective to delineate seawater intrusion region at coastal area, this method is restricted in few wells and time. We have conducted electrical resistivity soun

지형면과 수문지질단위 분류를 이용한 북한의 지하수 부존량 추정

송성호,박종철,안중기,Song, Sung-Ho,Park, Jongchul,An, Jung-Gi 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.7

This study was conducted to provide the preliminary data on preparation for policy decisions regarding the groundwater supply scheme for N. Korea vulnerable to drought. Agricultural activities oriented to upland field due to the mountainous terrain more than 79% as well as the diversity of rainfall distribution over the country make more vulnerable to structural problems in the drought in N. Korea. Therefore, in anticipation of the expansion of exchange policies in agricultural sector, the available amount of groundwater needed for sustainable water resources supply was estimated for each administrative district after analyzing alluvium and hydrogeology distribution in N. Korea. Overall, the available amount of groundwater was estimated to 22.3 billion m³ (0.18 million m³/km²). The available amount of groundwater per unit area in Ryanggangdo and Gaesungsi was appeared very high in each of 0.56 and 0.39 million m³/km², respectively, and it would be interpreted that two districts have relatively wide area of volcanic rocks and alluvium with highly permeable characteristics, respectively. Finally, to maximize the utilization of this study result, the available amount of groundwater distribution map was developed on the basis of the 1 × 1 km grid network over the entire N. Korea.

농업용 지하수의 실제 이용량 특성

송성호,명우호,이규상,Song, Sung-Ho,Myoung, Woo-Ho,Lee, Gyu-Sang 한국지하수토양환경학회 2017 지하수토양환경 Vol.22 No.5

Accurate assessment of agricultural groundwater usage is an essential task to cope with drought that occurs irregularly in time and location. In this study, the agricultural groundwater usage was calculated in nationwide public wells (1,386 bedrock wells) during 5-year period (2010-2014) by using electric power consumption and well specification data. National average of agricultural groundwater usage per each well was estimated as $66.2m^3/day$, corresponding to 21.6% of total permitted volume of groundwater in each well. Chungcheong Nam-do had the highest usage with 38-55.6%. The value increased to 58.1% when the total permitted volume was based upon the supply standard against drought, and the value reached 100% in Chungcheong Nam-do. In Ganghwa distirct that suffered from severe drought in recent years, the average groundwater usage was 61.4%. In 2014, when the drought was the most severe with 45% precipitation of the average annual rainfall, the nationwide usage was turned out to be 25.6%, indicating about 4% higher than average agricultural groundwater usage 21.6%. Therefore, the quantitative assessment of groundwater usage in this study signifies that adequate use of groundwater is crucial to cope with agricultural drought.

기후변화와 관련한 제주지역 농업용수의 효율적 활용 방안(I)

송성호,최광준,Song, Sung-Ho,Choi, Kwang-Jun 한국지하수토양환경학회 2012 지하수토양환경 Vol.17 No.2

Rainfall, on Jeju Island varies regionally in relation to Mt. Halla with higher rainfall within southern area and lower in western area, and its variability is expected to expand according to the climate change scenario. Non-parametric trend analysis for rainfall, using both historic (1971-2010) and simulated (2011-2100) data assuming the A1B emissions scenario, shows regionally increasing trends with time. In perspective of agricultural land use, area for market garden including various crop types with high water demand is increasing over the Island, especially in the western area with lower rainfall compared to southern area. On the other hand, area for fruit including mandarin and kiwi with low water demand is widely distributed over southern and northern part having higher rainfall. These regional disparity of water demand/supply may be more affected by extreme events such as drought and heavy rainfall that has not yet been considered. Therefore, it is necessary to make policies for water resource management considering both demand and supply in different regions with climate change impacts over Jeju Island.

표준지하수위지수(SGI)를 이용한 농촌지역 지하수계의 가뭄 영향 평가

송성호,Song, Sung-Ho 한국지하수토양환경학회 2018 지하수토양환경 Vol.23 No.3

This study is aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of drought on groundwater system in rural areas. For this purpose, the standardized groundwater level index (SGI) was used for 68 groundwater monitoring wells. To determine accumulation period (AP) which represents the month with the highest correlation coefficient between SGI and SPI, correlation analysis between the two for 68 wells were peformed. The results indicated the AP values ranged in 1~3 months for most of the well, but it was 7~10 months in some wells. These results can be interpreted such that the total amount of groundwater will not decrease significantly in long-term drought situations unlikely the reservoirs with the high AP values. The nationwide maximum AP values were 4.1 and 4.0 in Chungbuk-do and Gyeongnam-do, while the minimum AP values were 1.8 and 2.0 in Gangwon-do and Chungnam-do, respectively. The maximum and minimum values of correlation coefficient were 0.623 and 0.459 in Gyeongnam-do and Chungnam-do/Chungbuk-do, respectively. Consequently, it could be concluded that the wells with low AP value tend to respond to short-term drought, but it has little effect on groundwater system when the long drought occurs.

기후변화를 고려한 제주지역의 권역별 가뭄 평가 및 농업용수에의 영향 고찰

송성호 ( Sung Ho Song ),유승환 ( Seung Hwan Yoo ),배승종 ( Seung Jong Bae ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.5

Recently, the occurrences of droughts have been increased because of global warming and climate change. Water resources that mostly rely on groundwater are particularly vulnerable to the impact of precipitation variation, one of the major elements of climate change, are very sensitive to changes in the seasonal distribution as well as the average annual change in the viewpoint of agricultural activity. In this study, the status of drought for the present and future on Jeju Island which entirely rely on groundwater using SPI and PDSI were analyzed considering regional distribution of crops in terms of land use and fluctuation of water demand. The results showed that the precipitation distribution in Jeju Island is changed in intensity as well as seasonal variation of extreme events and the amount increase of precipitation during the dry season in the spring and fall indicated that agricultural water demand and supply policies would be considered by regional characteristics, especially the western region with largest market garden crops. Regarding the simulated future drought, the drought would be mitigated in the SPI method because of considering total rainfall only excluding intensity variation, while more intensified in the PDSI because it considers the evapotranspiration as well as rainfall as time passed. Moreover, the drought in the northern and western regions is getting worse than in the southern region so that the establishment of regional customized policies for water supply in Jeju Island is needed.

고등학생들의 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 관련요인

송성호(Sung-Ho Song),강창렬(Chang-Yeol Kang),이태용(Tae-Yong Lee),권인선(In-Sun Kwon) 한국농촌의학 지역보건학회 2011 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 도시?농촌지역 고등학생들의 자살에 대한 생각을 파악하고, 일반적 특성, 학교생활특성, 자살경험특성 및 자살생각과의 관련성을 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 우리나라 중부권에 소재한 K시의 도시지역 학생 1,114명, 농촌지역 학생 968명을 대상으로 2009년 7월 1일부터 7월 31일까지 구조화된 자기기입식 설문지를 이용하여 설문조사하였다. 연구결과 최근 1년간 자살생각을 갖은 고등학생은 38.8%였으며 도시와 농촌 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 다변량분석 결과 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 관련요인으로 도시학생은 성별[남자에 비하여 여자의 교차비가 1.80 (95%CI: 1.31-2.47)]과 학년[1학년에 비하여 2학년 교차비가 1.40(95% CI: 0.98-2.00), 3학년 교차비 2.15(95% CI: 1.49-3.12)이 유의하였다. 농촌학생은 성별[남자에 비하여 여자의 교차비가 2.71 (95%CI: 1.23-2.38)], 경제악화 [비경험군에 비하여 경험군의 교차비가 1.81(95% CI: 1.24-2.64)], 그리고 학년[1학년에 비하여 2학년 교차비가 2.80(95% CI: 1.82-4.32), 3학년 교차비 3.84(95% CI: 2.52-5.87)이 유의하였다. 본 연구를 통해 밝혀진 고등학생들의 자살생각에 영향을 주는 가정환경 변인, 학교생활 변인, 자살에 대한 경험적 변인 등을 적극적으로 관리하는 자살예방프로그램개발 및 자살예방을 위한지속적인 관심과 지도가 필요하다. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the suicide ideation of high school students in urban and rural areas, and especially to research the relationship between suicide ideation, and general characteristics, characteristics of school life, and empirical characteristics of suicide. Methods: This research targeted four urban and four rural high schools in two cities. The study subjects were 1,114 students in urban area and 968 students in rural area, total 2,082 students. The survey was conducted from July 1, 2009 to July 31, 2009. For statistical analysis, chi-square test, t-test and ANOVA were used for investigating related factors with suicide ideation in urban and rural areas, respectively, with multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Results: The results showed that 38.8% of respondents had suicide ideation within 1 year. The percentage of female students (44.8%) was significantly higher than that of male students (33.4%). However, there was no significant difference between urban (38.0%) and rural area (39.9%). The significant influencing factors on suicide ideation in multiple logistic regression were gender [female student OR(odds ratio)=1.80 (95% CI 1.31-2.47) compared with male student] and grade [second year OR=1.40 (95% CI 0.98-2.00), third year OR=2.15 (95% CI 1.49-3.12) compared with first year] in urban area. Those in rural area were gender [female student OR(odds ratio)=2.71 (95% CI 1.23-2.38) compared with male student], economic deterioration [yes OR=1.81 (95% CI 1.24-2.64) compared with no], and grade [second year OR=2.80 (95% CI 1.82-4.32), third year OR=3.84 (95% CI 2.52-5.87) compared with first year]. Conclusions: This study showed about 40% of high school students had suicide ideation within 1 year. A suicide prevention program may be implemented considering factors related with suicide ideation identified in this study.