캐나다한인소설에 재현된 서발턴의 서사와 거주 공간의 분리

송명희(Song, Myung-hee) 한국비평문학회 2015 批評文學 Vol.- No.57

이 글은 전지구화 시대에 캐나다에서 주변화된 존재로 살아가는 캐나다한인 이주자를 서발턴(subaltern)의 관점에서 바라보며, 그들의 삶의 질 추락과 거주 공간의 분리에 대해 캐나다한인소설을 중심으로 고찰하였다. 캐나다한인들은 보다 높은 삶의 질을 추구하기 위해 자발적으로 이민했지만 이민은 오히려 그들의 삶의 질을 떨어뜨렸으며, 계급적 추락을 초래하게 만드는 아이러니한 결과를 나타냈다. 즉 이주 후 캐나다한인들의 사회경제적 위치는 모국에서의 중산층적 지위보다 한층 낮아졌고, 오히려 타자화(otherness)와 주변화(marginalization)가 심하게 일어났다. 캐나다한인소설에는 캐나다한인들이 저임금의 막노동이나 자영업에 종사하는 현실, 백인들의 유색인종 이민자에 대한 차별적 태도, 그리고 거주 공간이 분리된 상황 등 서발턴으로서의 주변화된 삶이 재현되어 있다. 그야말로 캐나다한인소설은 캐나다한인들의 주변화된 삶을 형상화한 서발턴의 서사라고 할 수 있다. 캐나다한인 작가들은 그 자신들이 한국문학과 캐나다문학 그 어느 곳의 중심에도 속하지 못하는 주변적 존재, 즉 서발턴이다. 하지만 그들은 한국에서 높은 교육을 받은 고학력자들로서 이민 이후 캐나다에서 한인문단을 조직하고, 한국어로 그들의 주변화된 삶을 그려내며 자신들의 서발턴의 지위에 꾸준히 저항하여 왔다. 그들이 자신들의 문학을 통하여 정체성을 질문하고, 자신들의 스토리를 구성해 왔다는 것은 의미 있는 일이다. 하지만 그것만으로는 부족하다. 그들은 캐나다 공용어로 작품을 발표함으로써 주류사회를 향해 그들의 목소리(independent voices)를 보다 적극적으로 낼 수 있어야 한다. 그래야만 서발턴으로서의 주변화된 위치를 벗어나는 데 도움이 될 수 있다. This article at hand approaches the Korean Canadian immigrants who are living marginalized lives in Canada from a subaltern perspective, and examines the decline in their quality of life and the segregation of living space as represented in Korean-Canadian novels. The Korean Canadians voluntarily immigrated into Canada to pursue a higher quality of life, yet ironically the consequences were contradictory: a decline in the quality of life and the fall of social status. That is to say, the socio-economic status of early Korean-Canadian immigrants fell far below the middle-class standing that they once had in their homeland, and they were instead faced with severe marginalization. The Korean-Canadian novels represent the unhappy life of the Korean Canadians as subalterns: their reality of working in lowwage physical labor or self-employed jobs, their suffering from the local white community’s discriminatory attitude toward the colored immigrants, and the segregation of living space. The Korean- Canadian novels can truly be called the narratives of the subalterns that give shape to the marginalized lives of the Korean Canadians. The Korean-Canadian writers themselves can be thought of as being marginalized, that is, as subalterns who cannot identify themselves as belonging to either Korea or Canada. Nevertheless, they are people who took their higher education in Korea. Since they immigrated into Canada, they have organized Korean literary circles in Canada, written their marginalized lives in the Korean language, and consistently resisted their subaltern status. It is indeed meaningful that they questioned their identity through their novels and created their own stories. Yet it is far from enough. They should be able to voice their independence more actively into mainstream literature and society by publishing their works in an official language of Canada. Only then can they help themselves get out of their marginalized status as subalterns.

나혜석 문학연구의 현황과 과제

송명희 ( Myung Hee Song ) 현대문학이론학회 2011 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.46

이 논문은 나혜석의 문학연구의 현황을 살펴보고 앞으로의 연구 방향과 과제에 대해서 논의하였다. 나혜석은 현재 남겨진 자료의 관점에서 보면 화가로서보다는 문학가로서의 정체성이 더 확고하다. 나혜석의 문학연구가 동시대의 다른 여성작가보다 더 진전된 이유가 전집이 먼저 발간된 데 있다고 보고, 신뢰할 수 있는 전집이 나오기까지의 과정을 살펴보았다. 또한 <나혜석기념사업회>가 결성되어 심포지엄을 매년 개최함으로써 나혜석 연구의 활성화가 가능했다. 나혜석 연구의 현황을 단행본과 학위논문, 소논문 별로 살펴보았다. 그런데 나혜석만을 단독 연구대상으로 삼은 박사논문은 아직 나오지 않았다. 이는 나혜석 작품의 양적 빈곤과 작가의 문학사적 비중이 낮은 데 이유가 있다. 나혜석에 관한 소논문은 1980년대부터 100여 편이 발표되었는데, 1990년대에 접어들어 활발해지다가 2000년대 이후 양산되었다. 나혜석 문학연구는 우리나라의 페미니즘 비평이 활발해진 시기와 맞물리며 전개되었는데, 연구 결과 나혜석은 근대를 대표하는 페미니즘 문학가로 평가되었다. 나혜석 연구는 글쓰기의 표현방식과 페미니즘이라는 주제의 양 측면으로 이루어졌다. 그리고 나혜석 연구는 소설 「경희」 한 편에 치중하는 양상을 보이는 한편, 외국의 여성작가와 비교하는 논문이 18편이나 나와 있다는 점도 특이하다. 그간 나혜석의 주요 연구자들의 연구 성과를 살펴보았는데, 특히 일문학자들은 국문학자들이 접근하기 어려운 일본문학의 자료들을 통하여 나혜석의 페미니즘 형성에 영향을 미친 서구 및 일본의 영향관계를 밝히는 데 기여하였다. 나혜석은 근대기를 대표하는 여성작가로서 주제적 측면에서 페미니즘이라는 계몽의식에 투철한 작품을 썼고, 그 의식의 첨단성은 오늘날에도 새로움을 느낄 만큼 혁명적이다. 하지만 여성문학사가 아니라 주류 문학사에서도 나혜석이 기술되기 위해서는 페미니즘을 넘어서는 다양한 방법론으로 그의 문학이 재조명되고, 그 문학적 가치를 인정받을 때에 가능할 것이다. This study has a character like a history of research that says the process of study on Na Hyeseok`s works. She keeps identity more as a writer than as a painter from the viewpoint of remaining materials. The reason why the study about her works have made more progress than contemporary other female writers` is that her complete works were released earlier than others. We looked over the process of making two reliable complete works, Lee Sang-kyung`s in 2000 and Seo Jeong-ja`s in 2001. And another reason is, making ``the Foundation for Na Hye-seok``, we could hold ``the symposium for knowing about Na Hyeseok correctly``. We figured out the fruits of the symposium. I looked over books and theses concerning Study on Na Hye-seok, there are 21 books and 40 master`s theses. And she is treated as one of the female writers in early modern ages in around 10 doctor`s theses. Comparing other female writers, she has been shed on in regard to some subjects like eroticism, sexuality, and modernity. However, nobody studied solo, writing a doctor`s thesis, because she has just 6 short stories, 6 poems, and 1 play, respectively, moreover, most of her works are essays related to feminism and art which are not enough for a subject of literature works. In brief, I figured out that it came from quantitative shortage in works and in her low reputation in history of literature. Around 100 article on Na Hye-seok have been published from 1980`s, it was getting popular entering 1990`s, and it has been growing tremendously since 2000. Study on Na Hyeseok`s works began to develop the time when feminist criticism was getting popular, Na Hyeseok became regarded as a representative feminist writer. Studies focusing on the way how to write feminine writing, autobiographical writing, confession literature, and thematic sides such as feminism, modernity, the experience of colonization, images of female intellectuals, images of modern girls, sexuality, eroticism, and Christian observance were released. These studies are dealt within a big framework, feminism. And we can see that studies about Na Hye-seok concentrate on only the novel, 「Kyunghee」, on the other hand, there are already 18 comparative literature theses which are comparing her as a feminist writer with foreign female writers. Meanwhile, there have been principal researchers, Lee Sang-kyung, Seo Jung-ja, Song Myung-hee, Jeong Sun-jin, Choi Hye-sil, Lee Deok-hwa, An Suk-won, Noh Young-hee, and Kim Hwa-young, and so on. Especially, Noh Young-hee and Kim Hwa-young have contributed to showing the effect relations between the West and Japan which affected her formation of feminism with materials of Japanese literature which are hard to approach for scholars of Korean literature. Na Hyeseok, as a representative female writer in modern times, wrote thoroughly enlightening works which have the theme regarding feminism, and the recentness of the enlightenment was very innovative as we can feel newness of it today. But, to be treated not only in the history of female literature but also in the mainstream history of literature, it`s not possible until her works are described in various ways beyond feminism, and the literary value achieves recognition.

다문화소설에 재현된 베트남 여성

송명희(Myung Hee Song) 한국현대소설학회 2012 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.51

This study looks over reappearance of the novel about the problems that marginalized Vietnamese immigrant women in Korea facing in our society by focusing on Seo Seongran`s short story <Paprika>. I analyze some problems that migrant women are facing in our society, especially, Vietnamese women`s international marriage like human trafficking, migrant women`s gender, sexuality, and identical anxiety. While marriage like human trafficking is regarded as ``women who are bought for marriage`` among Koreans, it lead to oppression to these women. It represents a mother-in-law`s curse, abuse, and pressure on pregnancy. Meanwhile Chuen`s body is considered a solution to solve reproduction(childbirth) and care work, not only endure oppression for reproduction but also her husband`s sexual obsession, house wife`s role, and farm working. In particular, her husband, Chungil`s eyes and tageted Chuen`s body by experience implies not only men`s power but also hierarchical relationships between Korean and Vietnamese. Problems Vietnamese go through in society are Koreans` eyes and attitude that disparage and discriminate them. Koreans` discriminative eyes and attitude make migrant women not to assimilate with Koreans. The writer, Seo Seongran analyzes that migrant women`s various existential problem and Chuen`s daylife. And she urges changes on attitude in Korean society by describing routine violence on migrant women delicately. As in <Paprika>, Chuen tries to get along with in Korean society and be a Korean, but spreadeagleism in Korea make her have an identical crisis and difficulties for enculturation. We need a mind to accept migrant women as neighbors and family with cultural relativity and policy.

영화 <양철북>의 정신분석

송명희 ( Song Myung Hee ) 한국문학이론과 비평학회 2007 한국문학이론과 비평 Vol.36 No.-

This paper analyzed by psychoanalytic criticism, on < The Tin Drum > which was directed by Volker Schlondorf who is a pioneer of New German Cinema in 1979; its original novel, The Tin Drum was written by Gunter Wilhelm Grass. We can see the personal psychological conflict which shows the relationship between mother and child, father and son, or husband and wife through the psychoanalysis about both a hero, Oscar and a heroine, Agnes. The conflict between two men symbolically shows the territorial, political dispute which was caused by the fight to possess Danzig between Poland and Germany; Oscar’s womb-envy complex and Oedipus complex, and Agnes' anorexia, bulimia and suicide are presented as these conflicts in the story. Based on experiences of his, Grass sardonically and pessimistically described the history of Danzig and the criticism against Nazism through both Oscar, a strange character, who was stuck in his three and the Germans around him. Schlondorf applied the rules of New German Cinema to his film, < The Tin Drum > in many sides; accepting Brecht’s skill(estrangement effect), the historical material which describes before and after World War Il, the concern about the Nazi's fascism, etc. Just as Gunter Wilhelm Grass' The Tin Drum is praised that it is the first and last problem novel which dealt with a past issue in earnest, the best literary work and the climax of German novel, Volker Schlondorf’s < The Tin Drum > is also praised that it deeply satirized and described the history of Danzig before and after World War Il.

고려인 시와 캐나다한인 시에 반영된 문화변용의 비교연구

송명희(Song, Myung-hee) 국어국문학회 2015 국어국문학 Vol.- No.171

구 소련의 고려인과 캐나다한인은 이주의 시기, 동기, 경험 등이 매우 상이하며, 거주국의 이주민 정책 또한 대조적이라는 점에서 디아스포라문학 연구에서 매우 흥미로운 비교 대상이 된다. 이 글은 고려인 문학과 캐나다한인 문학의 형성기 작품에 반영된 문화변용을 시를 중심으로 비교하고자 한다. 즉 고려인의 첫 번째 합동작품집인『시월의 햇빛』(1971)에 수록된 1930년도 작품부터 1953년도까지의 시를 형성기 작품으로, 캐나다한인문학의 첫 번째 합동작품집인 『새울』(1977)부터 『캐나다문학』 9집(2000)까지에 발표된 시를 캐나다한인문학의 형성기 작품으로 파악하여 두 지역 한인문학에 반영된 문화변용의 태도를 비교하였다. 고려인들의 시에는 소련을 모국(조국)으로 생각하고 소련에서의 삶에 만족감을 표현하는 등 철저히 ‘동화’의 태도를 나타냈다. 반면 캐나다한인들은 캐나다가 이주민들의 문화적 다양성을 인정하며 사회통합을 이루도록 다문화주의 정책을 폈음에도 ‘고립’과 ‘주변화’의 태도를 나타냈다. 문화변용에서 강력한 동화주의 정책을 실시한 구 소련 고려인 시에서는 동화의 태도가, 다문화주의를 실시한 캐나다한인의 시에서는 고립과 주변화의 태도가 나타났다는 아이러니는 문학이란 텍스트 자체의 의미만으로 읽는다는 것이 불가능한 것임을 드러내준다. 즉 텍스트 외적 맥락 없이 문학을 텍스트 자체만의 의미로 읽을때에 그것은 심각한 오독에 이를 수도 있다는 것을 두 나라의 디아스포라 문학에서 확인할 수 있었다. In paper on diaspora literature, Kareisky of the Soviet Union and Korean-Canadian are very interesting comparison target as not only their immigration time, motives, experiences are so different in several terms, but also their residence policies for them and ideology are contrast. This paper will focus on comparing acculturation shown in the period for formation of Kareisky and Korean-Canadian poetry. That is, it will compare acculturation reflected in Kareisky and Korean-Canadian literatures as formative period work. The first works of Kareisky collaboration From 1930s to 1953 works in Siwolui Haetbit(The Sunshine of October)(1971) with the first Korean-Canadian collaboration literature works from 『Sea-Wool』(1977) to 9th『Korean-Canadian literature』. The acculturation of Berry means ethnic minority populations" changes of identity and culture in early process of acclimatization In the poetry of Kareisky, they think the Soviet Union as homeland without doubt even in the deportation time or show through attitude of assimilation by expressing satisfaction there. it means their through attitude of assimilation without conflicts between National identity as Soviet and ethnic identity as Kareisky from Joseon. Joseon can"t be seen in their poems. But if it appeared, Joseon was as pictured negative place that they suffered from feudal landlord"s repression. The attitude to exclusion their culture of Joseon and equate habitation"s culture paradoxically shows oppressive and urgent position of Kareisky for their survival because they should assimilate under strong policy and discriminative Immigration policy division. However, emigrants from Joseon had fascination with Lenin"s policy that emphasizes harmonious development for multiracial nation and self-etermination for minority race in Maritime Province period, and the attitude might influence visualization that they recognize the Soviet as motherland. In other hand, Korean-Canadian presented huge stresses that new environment gave although they had left their country for better life. and identity that went through new social and reaction to culture conflicts expressed nostalgia for their home. although mainstream worked on policies for the multiculturalism that can acknowledge cultural diversites and promote social integration, Korean-Canadian cannot help feeling a sense of alienation and frustration due to white communities, especially language gap, differences of routines or customs, it makes them equate traditional culture but ignore mainstream culture as separation and marginality attitude. In acculturation, In Kareisky poetry of the Soviet that implemented policy of assimilation, it shows assimilation attitude, and Korean-Canadian poetry adopted multiculturalism shows separation and marginality attitude. It means impossibility that literature can"t be read just meaning of text itself. in other words, it could identify through diaspora literature of both countries, the readers maybe misread when we read the text without political phase.

이광수의 기독교 사상과 종교다원주의

송명희(Song Myung-Hee) 한국문학회 2007 韓國文學論叢 Vol.46 No.-

  This paper analyzes Yi Kwang-soo"s christian thought and religious pluralism by selecting a social criticism, an editorial, and the novel Love as a text. The conclusion from the analysis of this paper is as follows.<BR>  Firstly, Yi Kwang-soo was positive of a role toward the society, called modernization of Christianity, while was strongly critical of exclusive, fundamentalist conservative theology of presbyterian.<BR>  Secondly, Yi interpreted the fundamental idea of Christianity as non-violence and love under the influence of Tolstoy.<BR>  Finally, Yi Kwang-soo became a religious pluralist under the influence of Tolstoy, and intended to realize paradise on earth not a religion pursuing the world to come. Furthermore Love is the very work in which this is embodied in literary way. Seok Soon-ok is a character who practices non-violent, christian love, and this is in a Buddhist view the realization of doctrines of Bodhisattva. The author assumed the religious pluralistic attitude that non-violent, noble love and salvation exists in Buddhism, Roman Catholicism, and any religion as well as in Christianity, and it could be proved also by scientific thought. In addition, through North Korean sanatorium, he re-created utopia which would be realized on earth not heaven in the future life.<BR>  Consequently, Yi Kwang-soo, in Love, showed a figure of the most idealized love through religious pluralistic view of the religion which would comprehend and integrate Christianity, Buddhism, Roman Catholicism, and scientific thought. It is the very practice of non-violent love, mental love of absolute purity, a way of Bodhisattva practicing the self-benefit and the benefit of others, and the realization of utopia on earth.

암흑기 재만문학에 나타난 디아스포라와 아이덴티티

송명희(Myung Hee Song) 한국현대소설학회 2010 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.43

This article is the paper analyzing An Soo-gil`s novel, Rice, which intensively depicts the life of ethnic Korean living in Manchuria that was caused in the danger of China`s policy toward them from 1920 to the early 1930`s. In the beginning of immigration, Joseon immigrants conflicted with native Chinese, but they settled there successfully under China`s welcoming policy. However, in the early 1930`s, with the change of China`s policy toward Joseon immigrants into the expulsion, the immigrants came to a crisis of being expelled from the homestead of their lives in Manchuria. Unlike the residents who lose their heads, an intellectual, Chansoo, tries to resolve the crisis through a Japanese, Nakamoto. Namely, he attempts to political solution through Japanese consulate. In reference to this, the review of the work is greatly divided into two views; one is that it is an inevitable survival strategy and the other is that it is a pro-Japanese activity. But researchers who judge Rice as the pro-Japanese literature lack the exact historical investigation into the complex and subtle situation in which Joseon people living in Manchria was placed in those days. That is, China, who thought that Japan took advantage of Korean-Manchurian people as a way to invade the continent, pushed ahead with its policy to oppress and expel Joseon people there as part of its anti-Japanese movement. It was believed to be the way to protect Mancuria from Japan`s aggression. In the situation in which Chinese attitude toward Joseon people changed from welcoming them in the economical aspect to expelling them in the political reason, which way the Joseon immigrants could choose when they were ordered from the Chinese authorities to leave right away? They could do nothing but leave their fertile land behind, which had been cultivated for ten years or ask the Japanese consulate for help as Chansoo`s judgment. Because survival was much more urgent and more vital problem to them than the ethnic pride, they chose the latter. This book depicts Chinese officials`suppression intensively, because Chinese people were the existence of threat to the Joseon people after Misseuya treaty, rather than due to the writer`s pro-Japanese intention. In reality, it is true that Chinese oppressed Joseon people, but the policy of Japan`s invasion upon China worked in the background. Disappointingly, An Soo-gil`s Rice fails to describe the complicated dynamic relations among Japan, China, and Joseon. Nevertheless, Rice is a realistic work that depicts sharply and objectively the life of Joseon people-Manchrians who had to strive for survival while suffering China`s exclusion.

나혜석과 백화파의 영향

송명희(Song, Myung-hee) 나혜석학회 2014 나혜석연구 Vol.4 No.-

다중흐름모형을 적용한 서울시 역세권 청년주택 정책변동 분석

송명희 ( Song Myung Hee ) 한국지방행정연구원 2022 地方行政硏究 Vol.36 No.2

서울시는 청년주거 문제에 대응하고자 2016년 역세권 청년주택 정책을 도입하였고 현재까지 추진 중이다. 본 연구는 2019년 11월 <역세권 청년주택 혁신방안> 발표 이후부터 2021년 7월 발표된 <지역상생과 공공성 제고를 위한 역세권 청년주택 개선 방안> 사이 발생한 정책 변동을 Kingdon의 다중흐름모형을 적용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 역세권 청년주택 공급 확대를 주도하던 지방자치단체장이 정책 흐름에서 사라지자, 정치의 흐름이 문제의 흐름 및 정책대안의 흐름과 결합했다는 점을 발견했다. 서울시장 보궐선거로 정책의 창이 열리면서 역세권 청년주택 정책은 ‘공급 확대’에서 ‘지역 상생과 공공성 강화’로 변화하였다. 이 과정에서 새로 당선된 서울시장이 아닌 자치구청장협의회와 서울시의회가 정책 선도가 역할을 한 것으로 나타나 자치분권 2.0 실현을 위한 상향식 정책 변동 가능성을 확인했다. In 2016, Seoul city government introduced Seoul’s 2030 Youth Housing policy that provides incentives of rental housing to young people. This study examines the policy changes that occurred between the announcement of the “Renovation Plan for Seoul’s 2030 Youth Housing” in 2019 and the “Measures to Improve Seoul’s 2030 Youth Housing for Co-prosperity and Publicity” in 2021, by applying Kingdon’s multiple streams framework. As a result, the study found that the political stream, the problem stream and policy stream had been combined when the mayor who led the expansion of the Youth Housing disappeared from the policy flow. In addition, as the policy window was opened with the Seoul mayor’s by-election, the Youth Housing policy changed from expansion of supply to co-prosperity and strengthening of public nature. The possibility of bottom-up policy change was shown since the heads of autonomous district and the Seoul City Council played a major role in leading the policy changes.

살아남은 자의 죄책감과 사회적 도덕 감정 -한강의 『소년이 온다』를 중심으로-

송명희 ( Song¸ Myung-hee ) 한국문학이론과 비평학회 2021 한국문학이론과 비평 Vol.90 No.-

이 글은 한강의 『소년이 온다』를 중심으로 친구의 죽음으로부터 도망친 소년동호의 죄책감, 수치심 같은 도덕 감정과 5ㆍ18광주민주화운동에서 생존한 자들의 죄책감과 외상 후 스트레스 장애를 통해 국가폭력에 대한 공동체의 사회적 도덕 감정을 작가가 어떻게 환기하는가를 생각해보았다. 7개의 장으로 구성된 각 장은 초점화자가 다른 서술적 다양화를 시도함으로써 5ㆍ18광주민주화운동에서 희생된 죽음과 파괴된 삶에 대해 다각적인 조망을 보여준다. 작품의 주요인물은 동호, 정대 같은 죽은 소년들과 생존한 은숙, 선주, 교육대학 복학생과 진수 같은 청년들과 동호의 어머니이다. 이들은 모두 도청 상무관에서 시신 수습의 일을 거들었던 동호와 연관된 인물들로서 5ㆍ18광주민주화운동 현장에서 죽었거나 살아남았지만 외상 후 스트레스 장애에 시달리며 삶이 파괴된 인물들이다. 이러한 인물 설정을 통해 작가는 5ㆍ18광주민주화운동 과정에서 어떻게 무고한 시민들이 죽었고, 그 후 생존자들의 삶이 어떻게 파괴되었는지를 보여줌으로써 국가폭력을 가한 자들이 사회적 도덕 감정을 가질 것을 촉구하고 있다. 작가는 광주의 희생자들을 인간으로서의 양심과 존엄을 지키기 위해서 죽음과 고통 속에서도 역사를 바로 응시하며 살아간 윤리적 인간이라고 해석한다. 나아가 그들의 죽음과 고통을 초월한 인간에 대한 양심과 존엄의 정신, 즉 사회적 도덕 감정으로 이 시대와 사회를 밝게 인도해 나가기를 바란다. 그것이 5ㆍ18광주민주화 운동에 참여하여 죽은 자들에 대한 진정한 애도이며, 살아남은 생존자들이 받은 고통에 대한 진정한 응답이 될 것이며, 오늘 우리가 기억하고 계승해야 할 진정한 5ㆍ18광주민주화운동의 정신적 요체일 것이며, 작가가 의도한 『소년이 온다』의 진정한 주제일 것이다. Centering on Han Gang's The Boy Is Coming, this article considered how the author evokes the community's social moral feelings about national violence through the guilt and shame of the boy Dong-ho, who fled from his friend's death, humiliation like moral feelings and sense of guilt and post-traumatic stress disorder of those who survived the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement. The Boy Is Coming consists of seven chapters in total, and each chapter shows a multilateral view of the victimized death and the destroyed life of the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement by trying different narrative diversification. The main characters of the work are dead boys such as Dong-ho and Jung-dae, and youths such as Eun-sook, Seon-ju, a student returning to educational university, Jin-su and Dong-ho's mother. All of them are characters related to Dong-ho, who helped recovery of the body at the provincial government's commercial office, who died or survived at the site of the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement, but committed suicide or destroyed their lives after suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Through these character settings, the author urges social moral feelings of those who commit national violence by showing how innocent citizens died during the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement and how the lives of survivors were destroyed. The author interprets the victims of Gwangju as ethical human who lived by staring straight at history in the midst of death and pain in order to preserve their conscience and dignity as human beings. Furthermore, writer hopes to lead this era and society to brighten with the spirit of conscience, dignity, and social moral feelings for humans beyond their deaths and suffering. It would be a truly mourning for the dead by participating in the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement, and a genuine response to the pain of the survivors. And that would be the true spirit of May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement, which we must remember and inherit their sacrifices today, and the theme of The Boy Is Coming intended by the author.