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孫鎬經 명지대학교 1987 明大論文集 Vol.18 No.-
The theory of monetary economics has experienced intensive and fast developments in recent years. The conventional monetary economics concerned mainly in the quantity theory of money, that is, in the influence of the quantity of money in the economic system and in the supply of money as an instrument for achieving the objectives of general economic policy. Such tendency, however, declined conspicuously in the face of the overshot fields of business cycle, income and employment theory. It is true that Keynes' General Theory stands most high among those impacts. Toward this diretion growth and development economics added another increased momentum. Monetary economics, therefore, tried to overcome these various influential developments with the apparatus of general equilibrium analysis by J.R. Hicks and Keynes' emphasis to treat money as and asset resulted in theorists' effort to bring money within the general framework of the theory of choice. And monetary economics showed to appear in new clothes around a few of leading topics in the meantime, namely, four broad topics of ① the problem of the neutrality of money, ② the theory of demand for money, ③ the theory of money supply and monetary dynamics. ④ monetary policy. Incessant drive into these monetary topics brought fruitful consequences as follow: ⓐ variance of the quantity of money affects interest, ⓑ monetary equilibrium and stability depend not on the wealth effect of the real balance of money but on the substitution effect among monetary and financial assets, ⓒ monetary theory transferred the behavior theory by applying capital theory and flow money transferred to demand theory for money, ⓓ derivation of a stable money demand function, ⓔ rigorous effort to decide whether to pursue monetary economics by demand and supply equation or by income expenditure process. But all of such intensive and fast developments along these leading topics exclusively were achieved centered on demand theory for money in retrospection. Contrasted to it the supply theory for money contributed not much. The Supply theory for money has been suggested promising development at more recent present. The aim of this paper is to pick out the gist of the progress of the supply theory for money and to apply its important principle for the feasibility of partial gold exchange monetary system, by regarding the gold exchange as a supply system for money.
孫鎬經 명지대학교 1982 明大論文集 Vol.13 No.1
Ⅰ. 問題의 提起 Ⅱ. 固定換率制의 終息 1. IMF 評價制度 및 通貨調整過程 2. 準備金으로서의 달라貨와 機能의 限界 Ⅲ. 兌換停止 背景으로서의 美國際收支推移 및 기타 諸要因 1. 諸基準에 의한 달라貨의 不安定度 分析 2. 通貨危機 및 달라貨 不安定의 直接的 諸要因 Ⅳ. 달라貨 流動化 이후의 國際通貨秩序推移 및 決定要因 1. 새로운 通貨秩序에의 接近 2. 通貨圈形成과 通貨圈形成의 주요 諸要因 3. 主要國 通貨價値決定의 기타 諸要因 Ⅴ. 美國의 通貨政策과 달라貨의 展望 1. 美通貨政策의 方向 및 달라貨의 展望 2. 金本位復歸의 前提條件
SBR 및 영상기법을 이용한 실내 환경의 전파특성 예측과 분석
손호경,김채영,김성진 한국전자파학회 2001 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.12 No.2
본 논문에서는 실내환경에 적합한 전파특성 예측 및 분석 기법을 제시하였다. 본 기법에서는 3차원 광선 추적 기법시 사용되는 수신구를 사용하지 않음으로써 코드의 구현을 용이하게 하였다. 개발한 코드의 타당성은 영상법에의한 결과치 및 측정치와 각각 비교함으로써 검증되었다. 개발된 기법을 직육면체 복도의 중간쯤에 철재 방화문이 설치된 구조에 적용하였고, 방화문의 각도에 따른 경로손실을 계산하였다. 그 결과 PCS 대역에서 방화문으로부터 30 m 떨어진 지점의 경로 손실은 약 15 dB 정도 감쇄하였고, 지연 확산량은 약 4배 정도 증가하였다. 이는 PCS 대역일 경우, 복도에 설치된 방화문에 의해서 실태 전파 환경이 크게 변화됨을 의미하는 것이다. In this paper, the technique of prediction and analysis on the characteristics of propagation in indoor environment is presented. This technique needs no reception sphere commonly used in 3D-ray tracing scheme, and thereby it lends us easy code realization. The validity of developed code is verified by comparing with the values of image methods and measurement. The developed technique applied to the structure of rectangular corridor with the iron door and we calculated the path loss for the variation of the iron door angle. The path loss decreased about 15 dB at the distance of30 m from the iron door and the delay spread increased approximately by four times. Based on the computation, we confirmed that indoor propagation in PCS is heavily affected by the iron door in corridor.
GQ 生産函數의 函數形態 導出 및 動態的 生産函數 展開에 관한 고찰
孫鎬經 명지대학교 1986 明大論文集 Vol.17 No.-
In view of the production functions being analyzed currently the well-known CD-CES production functions are only ones susceptive of various difficulties in practical applications. Such facts about the production functions are caused principally by the restrictions involved in the functions classified as follows. ① Constant returns to scale, ② Unitary elasticity of factor substitution, ③ Constant share of distribution for production factors. Comparing the production functions with each other, however, the CES side is conspicuously alleviated in its restrictions toward flexibilities. In short the CES is subject to such features as variable returns to scale, constant elasticity of substitution and varying distribution share of production factors in contrast with CD. But these two depend on identical criterion of analysis viewing on fundamental analytical schema in spite of alleviation of the CES. Other production functions to be put in the same category are Leontief Production function and activity analysis production functions. These also assume non-substitution of factors. In this respect, broadly speaking and reflecting on today viewpoint, these all production functions form a classical foundation of production analysis. Then what sort of production functions are developed after CES, and how are they different from the above mentioned hypothesis of production functions? Production functions analyzed since CES are these: ① VES(variable elasticity substitution), ② GQ(general quadratic production function, ③ Macro-production function of duality theorem, ④ Intertemporal production function. These are representing fundamental transformation from the aboves. These are in common dynamical. Especially VES starts its analysis from the idea that factor's marginal productivity and elasticity of substitution are indifferent with the rato of capital to labor and returns to scale. It therefore trys to specify the correlations between factor substitution with capital intensity, labor skill, returns to scale and time element. GQ production functions on the other hand overcome the two factors-Iimitation of the CD-CES and proceede to n factors. It then analyzes output expansion paths together with homothetic production function, possible factor elasticity. For analysis of these facts cost functions and the duality theorem are used as analysis criteria. It also trys to relate short term results with long run trend, and to derive partial factor substitution over time. Finally the intertemporal production functions effort to derive the dynamic formation process of its own functions. In these various respects those production functions result in new developments of new functional forms of production function. This study, therefore, are concerned with their formation of functional forms, its derivation and prospects of applications, precisely following their development process from CD-CES separately.