태권도 수련 중학생들의 참여 지속을 결정하는 동기요인

손원호(Won Ho Son) 한국여가문화학회 2022 여가학연구 Vol.20 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 태권도 수련 활동에 참여한 중학생들이 인식한 자기결정 동기요인이 활동 지속성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 탐색하는데 있다. 연구 대상은 중학교 1-3학년에 재학 중인 총 184명의 중학생(남학생 101명, 여학생 83명; 평균나이: 16.4세)들로 구성되었다. 참여 학생들은 태권도 수련 과정의 한 세션(Session)이 종료되는 시점에서 자기결정 동기유형과 태권도 활동 지속성을 측정하는 2개의 설문지를 작성했다. 다중선형회귀분석(Multiple Linear Regression Analysis)을 통한 연구결과는 정적방향(+)에서 내적동기 그리고 부적방향(-)에서 외적동기가 태권도 활동 지속성에 유의미한 영향력을 발휘한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 태권도 지도자들이 학생들의 수행 동안 도전, 즐거움, 재미, 만족, 성취 등의 긍정적 정서가 내면화될 수 있도록 여러 가지 교육내용과 새로운 지도방법을 활용하고 개인적 수행 숙달에 초점이 맞추어진 과제중심(Task-Oriented) 활동을 조성하는 것이 유용함을 시사했다. 또한 질책, 처벌, 비난 및 부정적 피드백 등의 비판적 언행은 최대한 자제하고 적극적인 격려와 칭찬의 사용이 학생들의 능동적인 수행과 자신감 제고로 이어질 수 있으며 이는 지속적인 태권도 활동 참여로 연계되는 호의적 태도 형성에 기여할 수 있음을 시사하였다. The purpose of this study is to explore how self-determined motivations perceived by middle school students participating in Taekwondo training activities affect the continuity of Taekwondo activity. Participants consisted of a total of 184 middle school students (101 males, 83 females; 1-3 grade levels; Mage 16.4 years old). At the end of the Taekwondo training courses for one session, the participants filled out two questionnaires measuring self-determined motivation types and Taekwondo activity persistence. As a result of using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, it was found that intrinsic motivation in the positive direction (+) and external motivation in the negative direction (-) exerted a significant influence on the continuity of Taekwondo activity. These results show that Taekwondo instructors need to employ and use various educational contents, new teaching methods, and task-oriented activities so that the students internalize positive emotions such as challenge, joy, fun, satisfaction, and achievement during performances. Additionally, critical words and actions such as reprimand, punishment, criticism, and negative feedback should be avoided as much as possible, and the use of active encouragement and praise can cause the students' active performance and self-confidence, which can contribute to the formation of a favorable attitude leading to continuous engagement in Taekwondo activity.

대도시 유아교육 기관에 입학한 유아들의 체력비교에 관한 연구

손원호 ( Won Ho Son ) 한국학교체육학회 2002 한국학교체육학회지 Vol.12 No.1

This research tried to measure and test responsiveness, agility, endurance, balance, muscular power of physical factors of infants admitted to infantile educational institutions in big cities in 1992 and 2002 and explore the correlation of two groups. It is indicated that the physical factors of the infants admitted in 2002 lack agility and muscular strength. Accordingly, they should restrain from high calorie food (fast food), and supply balanced nutrients and reduce the chance of static activities such as narrow space, excessive TV watching, and computer. Also they will have to increase the opportunity and time of physical activity with peers, and muscular activity at regular infantile educational institutions. And they will have to increase the chance of physical activity with family members at homes. Based on these measurement tests, the need of infantile physical education should be more recognized and the programs of infantile physical education should be more scientifically systemized to improve the basic physical strength of infants. Furthermore, research for developing the basic physical strength of infants will have to be more actively carried out by infantile education and physical education related departments and disciplines.

유아체육 지도자의 직무 스트레스에 관한 연구

손원호 ( Won Ho Son ),김성훈 ( Seong Hun Kim ) 한국학교체육학회 2003 한국학교체육학회지 Vol.13 No.2

When the child physical education is defined to be a comprehensive education using a variety of physical activities, child physical education instructors` job satisfaction would be of great help to promote effective child physical education. This paper analyzes the instructors` job satisfaction depending upon their background factors to give better directions for the child physical education. The objects were selected at the kindergartens at Seoul, Daejeon, Incheon, Daegu, Busan and Gwangju, etc based on the stratified cluster random sampling. Considering the ratio between child house and kindergartens, the author selected 50 kindergartens at Seoul and each 10 kindergartens at other cities by random sampling and selected ea! ch 5 children from the kindergartens: Total number of the objects was 587 children, among whom the author made use of the material of 407 children for analysis. The findings were as follows: First, child related job stress had significant difference at region, gender and job experience. Second, kindergarten director related job stress had significant difference at region, ages, educational background and monthly income. Third, student parents related job stress had significant difference at ages, job experience and monthly income. Fourth, fellow workers related job stress had not significant difference. Fifth, class related job stress had significant difference at region, ages, job experience and monthly income. Sixth, salary related job stress had significant difference at region, gender, ages, job experience, educational background and monthly income. Seventh, facilities related job stress had significant difference at region, gender, job experience, educational background and positions.

유아체육 지도자의 사기저하 요인과 개선방안

손원호 ( Won Ho Son ),현승권 ( Sung Kwon Hyun ) 한국학교체육학회 2004 한국학교체육학회지 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of this essay is to explore the factors of demoralization of the educators taking charge of the instruction of child physical activity taking its foothold as an important area in child education, and closely examine into the reform plan of demoralization of child physical educators acting at child educational institutions based on it. To achieve this goal, 407 subjects were sampled from the child educational institutions in Seoul, Daejeon, Daegu, Busan, and Gwangjoo as of 2003, and the factors of demoralization of child physical educators were analyzed, and its reform plan was presented. As a result of analysis, following conclusion was obtained. First, the factors of demoralization of child physical educators by region, in case of emotional exhaustion, demoralization was the highest in Busan area, and the lowest in Daegu. in case of inhumanity, it was the highest in Daejeon, and the lowest in Daegu, and personal achievement, it was the highest in Busan and the lowest in Gwangjoo. Second, the factors of demoralization by gender, in case of emotional exhaustion, demoralization was higher in women than men, in case of inhumanity, it was higher in women than men, and in case of personal achievement, there was little difference, which means that women feel more burdensome in classes than men. Third, the factors of demoralization by age, in case of emotional exhaustion, it was the highest at those of 36 or higher, and the lowest at those of 23 or lower, in case of inhumanity, it was the highest at those between 31 and 35, and the lowest at those of 23 or lower. Fourth, the factors of demoralization by career, in case of emotional exhaustion, it was the highest at those with 5 year or more career, and the lowest at those of 1 year or less career, in case of inhumanity, it was the highest at those of 5 year or more career, and the lowest at those of 5 year or less career, and in case of personal achievement, it was the highest at those of 5 year or more career, and the lowest at those of 3 year or less career.. Fifth, the factors of demoralization by marriage, demoralization was higher in the married than the unmarried, which means that many careered subjects are concerned with the status upwardness. Sixth, the factors of demoralization by school background, in case of emotional exhaustion, it was the highest at those of non-physical education graduates, and the lowest at the others, which showed statistically significant difference within 1%, in case of inhumanity, it was the highest at those of physical education graduates, and the lowest at the others, which did not show significant difference. And in case of personal achievement, it was the highest at those of non-physical education graduates, and the lowest at the others, which did not show statistically significant difference. Seventh, the factors of demoralization by monthly income, in case of emotional exhaustion, it was the highest at 1.80-2.50 million won, and the lowest at the others, which did not show statistically significant difference, in case of inhumanity, it was the highest at 1.80-2.50 million won and the lowest at the others, which showed significant difference within 0.1%. And in case of personal achievement, it was the highest at 0.8 million won, and the lowest at the others, which did not show statistically significant difference. Eighth, the factors of demoralization by position, it was the highest at the others and lowest at part time job, in case of inhumanity, it was the highest at manager and full time educators, and the lowest at part time job. In conclusion, as it may be the case, child physical educators should be socially treated, but they have not had physical teachers` position recognized, so they are excluded from regular promotion (teachers` salary step), vocational medical insurance, and pension, and troubled with many miscellaneous works as there are no young male workers engaged in child educational institutions. According

국내 여성 스포츠지도자들의 직업적 사회화와 유리천장 인식

손원호(Won Ho Son),양재영(Jae Young Yang) 경기연구원 2023 GRI 연구논총 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this study is to identify occupational socialization and awareness of the glass ceiling of female sports coaches working at sports centers, and to provide implications, suggestions, and improvement plans accordingly. Participants consisted of 8 female sports coaches (2 taekwondo, 2 pilates, 1 yoga, 1 fitness, 1 swimming, 1 aerobics; Mage: 41 years old) working at sports centers in large cities in South Korea. They also have an average of over 10 years of teaching experience. Data collection was conducted using a one-on-one semi-structured interview, and the data were analyzed using a constant comparative analysis method. As a result, the female sports coaches experienced male-centered culture and custom and gender discrimination from participating in sports activities in childhood, which functioned as an obstacle to choosing a career as sports coaches. Furthermore, such gender discriminatory practice has continued even in incumbent positions, which played as a factor in reducing their professionalism and promotion opportunities. The experiences of occupational socialization and the perceptions of glass ceiling by participants were divided into categorical themes from the life history perspective of anticipatory socialization, professional socialization, and occupational socialization. The implications and contribution plans for improvement in female sports coaches occupational stability, professionalism, and promotion were discussed accordingly.

초등학생들의 학교스포츠클럽 참여를 통한 기대가치 인식 변화

손원호(Won Ho Son),양재영(Jae Young Yang) 경기연구원 2024 GRI 연구논총 Vol.26 No.2

The purpose of this study was to explore changes in the perception of expectancy value variables perceived by elementary school students who participated in school sports clubs. Participants consisted of a total of 123 students in 4th to 6th grade (72 males, 51 females; 32 4th graders, 45 5th graders, 46 6th graders) enrolled in four elementary schools located in G-do. The students participated in school sports club activities such as futsal, soccer, dodgeball, basketball, T-ball, kinball, jump rope, table tennis, and badminton for one semester. The students filled out a questionnaire on expectancy value variables both at the beginning and end of club activities, and the completed questionnaire was analyzed using a paired-samples T-test. In the results, it was confirmed that students’ perceived importance and interest factors significantly and positively changed across the period of activity participation. These results show that it is necessary for instructors to periodically highlight the importance of club activities in terms of improving health, emotional stability, and academic ability. Additionally, it is suggested for the instructors to organize the class by using new and challenging activity contents and various teaching methods so that students can maintain fun and enjoyment in the activities. Then, it can be a good teaching strategy that can lead to activeness and continuity in school sports club activity.

유아들의 체력수준에 따른 사회성 발달 차이에 관한 연구

손원호 ( Won Ho Son ),전진석 ( Jin Seok Juen ) 한국유아체육학회 2006 한국유아체육학회지 Vol.7 No.-

생활스포츠센터 참여자의 재등록 요인 : 기대가치이론을 토대로

손원호(Son Won-ho),양재영(Yang Jae-young) 경기연구원 2024 GRI 연구논총 Vol.26 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact on the intention to re-register in the sports program, focusing on the variables of expectancy value theory perceived by participants in life sports centers. Participants consisted of a total of 155 people (male: 88 and female: 67) engaging in programs (swimming, fitness, aerobics, yoga, golf, basketball, dance, table tennis, and badminton) of three sports centers in the G province. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire during the engagement of the participants in the program, and the results were derived through multiple linear regression analyses. According to the results of the study, factors such as internal value (interest), performance value (personal importance), and practical value (utility) recognized by the participants showed a positive influence on the intention to re-register the program at a statistically significant level. These results suggested that sports center instructors can effectively increase re-registration by the use of various teaching methods, diverse class contents, and appropriate media, the emphasis of physical, mental, and social benefits related to physical activities, and instruction based on persona goals. Additionally, it is helpful for the instructors to support that participation in the program can act as a positive factor in changing their job capability and daily life (vitality and activeness) based on the demographic characteristics (age, gender, occupation, and health and physical conditions).

유아 체육 지도자 양성기관의 운영실태분석

손원호 ( Won Ho Son ),신인숙 ( In Sook Sin ) 한국유아체육학회 2004 한국유아체육학회지 Vol.5 No.-

대학교양체육 교수자의 관계성지지가 학생들의 좋은 수행을 위한 심리·인지적 요인에 미치는 영향

손원호(Won-Ho Son),양재영(Jae-Young Yang) 한국여가문화학회 2023 여가학연구 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 대학교양체육 교수자들이 수업에서 제공하는 사회적 상호작용에 기초한 관계성지지가 학생들의 수행에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 주요 심리 및 인지적 요인(자기결정 동기, 자기효능감, 기대가치 요인)에 어떠한 영향력을 발휘할 수 있는지 파악하는데 있다. 연구 참여자는 A도에 위치한 두 개의 대학에서 교양체육수업에 한 학기 동안 참여한 총 265명(남:153명, 여:112명; 1-4학년)의 대학생을 포함한다. 연구에 참여한 학생들은 한 학기 종료 시점에서 3개의 설문지를 작성했고, 수집된 자료는 단순회귀분석을 사용하여 그 결과를 도출하였다. 결과에서 교수자의 관계성지지는 학생들의 수행에 대한 자발적 동기(내재적 동기), 자기효능감, 기대믿음, 중요성, 흥미, 유용성 등에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 대학교양체육수업에서 교수자들이 학생 수행에 대한 개인적인 소통과 피드백, 친근한 언행, 적극적인 상호작용, 협동 중심의 과제활동 등을 제공해 준다면 학생들의 적극적인 노력, 몰입, 수행에 대한 자신감, 즐거움, 학습 성취 수준을 높일 수 있는 좋은 전략이 될 수 있음을 시사해 준다. The purpose of this study is to figure out how the relatedness support based on social interaction provided by university physical education teachers influences the major psychological and cognitive factors (self-determined motivation, self-efficacy, and expectancy-value factors) exerting a positive impact on university students' performance. Participants included a total of 265 university students (Male: 153, Female: 112; 1st-4th grade levels) who participated in university physical education classes in two universities located at A province for one semester. The students filled out three questionnaires at the end of the semester, and the results were generated using simple regression analysis. As a result, it was confirmed that the relatedness support had a positive impact on students' autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, expectancy-value belief, importance, interest, and usefulness. These results suggest that if university physical education teachers use personal communication and feedback on student performance, friendly words and actions, active interaction, and cooperative task activities in the classes, it can be a good strategy to increase students' active effort, immersion, confidence in performance, enjoyment, and levels of learning achievement.