포만트 기반의 가우시안 분포를 가지는 필터뱅크를 이용한 멜-주파수 켑스트럴 계수

손영우,홍재근,Son, Young-Woo,Hong, Jae-Keun 한국음향학회 2006 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.25 No.8

음성인식의 특징벡터로서 멜-주파수 켑스트럴 계수 (MFCC, mel-frequency cepstral coefficients)가 가장 널리 사용되고 있다. FMCC 추출과정은 입력되는 음성신호를 푸리에 변환한 후, 주파수 대역별로 필터를 취하여 에너지 값을 구하고 이산 코사인 변환을 하여 그 계수 값을 구한다. 본 논문에서는 멜-스케일 된 주파수 대역필터를 취할 때 가중함수에 의해서 구해진 각 대역필터별 가중치를 적용하여 필터의 출력 에너지를 계산한다. 여기서 가중치를 구하기 위해 사용된 가중함수는 포만트가 존재하는 대역을 중심으로 인접한 대역들이 가우시안 분포를 가지는 함수이다. 제안한 방법으로 실험한 결과, 잡음이 거의 없는 음성신호에 대해서는 기존의 MFCC를 사용했을 때와 비슷한 인식률을 보이고 잡음성분이 많을수록 가중치가 적용된 방법이 인식률에서 보다 높은 성능 향상을 가져온다. Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients are widely used as the feature for speech recognition. In FMCC extraction process. the spectrum. obtained by Fourier transform of input speech signal is divided by met-frequency bands, and each band energy is extracted for the each frequency band. The coefficients are extracted by the discrete cosine transform of the obtained band energy. In this Paper. we calculate the output energy for each bandpass filter by taking the weighting function when applying met-frequency scaled bandpass filter. The weighting function is Gaussian distributed function whose center is at the formant frequency In the experiments, we can see the comparative performance with the standard MFCC in clean condition. and the better Performance in worse condition by the method proposed here.

사회적 협의에서 노동조합의 영향력 측정에 관한 연구: 역동적이고 관계적인 접근의 도입

손영우 ( Young Woo Son ) 비교민주주의연구센터(비교민주주의학회) 2011 비교민주주의연구 Vol.7 No.1

본 논문은 세계화 시대에 새로이 주목받고 있는 사회적 협의에서 노동조합의 영향력 측정 방법에 관해 연구한다. 1990년 중반이후 경제적 세계화로 경제·사회적 불안정성이 심화됨에 따라, 세계 곳곳에서 안정성 확보를 위해 등장한 사회적 협의의 확산은 사회적 협의의 쇠퇴를 주장한 기존의 논의에 대한 성찰을 요구한다. 비록 산업구조의 변화와 근로자 이해의 다양화로 노조조직률은 하락하는 경향을 갖는다고 해도, 노조의 영향력은 경제정책결정에 있어 더욱 민감한 요인으로 등장한다. 특히 개별국가의 공공정책은 노조의 영향력에 따라 그 수준을 달리하는 경우가 많다. 이러한 상황에서 노조의 영향력을 연구함에 있어, 비가연성을 지닌 노조조직률을 노조의 힘으로 대체하는 기존 연구들이 갖는 한계를 지적하고 노조를 둘러싼 역관계의 단기적 변화에 초점을 두고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 역동성을 분석하기 위해 노조의 중앙집중화, 다른 노조와의 조정, 정부와의 협의, 다른 시민단체와의 연대를 새로운 기준으로 제시한다. This article aims to measure the change of labour movement power that has an effect on the economic autonomy of left or reformist government in the globalisation era. Many political scientists argue that the success of economic policies of a government still depends on the domestic economic institutions even though the leeway of governments would be reduced by the effect of globalisation. However some classic methods, like the structural-institutional approach, have limits in that they are not applicable to a short term such as a government`s mandate. To observe the change of the labour movement`s power in a dynamic way considering its relations with others social actors, we introduce a new approach called the relative-relational one using four criteria(centralisation, coordination, concertation, solidarity).

패턴 퓨즈 설계 파라미터에 따른 수치 시뮬레이션

손영우(Young Woo Son),최창기(Changki Choi),강덕훈(Deokhun Kang),최병기(Byeong-gi Choi),김종훈(Jonghoon Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.6

염모제 성분인 카드뮴의 세포독성에 대한 시엽추출물의 영향

손영우 ( Young Woo Son ),임요섭 ( Yo Sup Rim ),유영월 ( Yeong Wol Yu ),정인주 ( In Ju Jung ) 대한미용학회 2012 대한미용학회지 Vol.8 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the cadmium (Cd)-induced cytotoxicity and the protective effect of persimmon leaves (PL) extract on the toxic effect induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in cultured human skin fibroblasts (Detroit 551). In this study, CdCl2 showed the cytotoxicity by a significant decrease of the cell viability and cell adhesion activity (CAA). While, vitamin E as antioxidant protected CdCl2-induced cytotoxicity by the increase of CAA which was decreased by CdCl2. In the protective effect of PL extract against CdCl2-induced cytotoxicity, PL extract blocked CdCl2-induced cytotoxicity by the a significant increase of CAA as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation (LP). From these results, it is suggested that the cytotoxicity of CdCl2 is involved in oxidative stress, and PL extract showed the antioxidative effect by showing not only a significant increase of CAA but also SOD-like activity and inhibitory activity of LP. Conclusively, the physioactive components such as PL extract may be a putative beauty resources for the diminution or blocking the cytotoxicity or oxidative stress mediated by heavy metals or chemicals which are the materials of hair dyes or cosmetics.

프랑스의 중앙집권적 국가와 시민사회의 상관성에 관한 연구

손영우 ( Young Woo Son ) 한양대학교 제3섹터연구소 2004 시민사회와 NGO Vol.2 No.2

The French Revolution prohibited the corporation for the political philosophical demand which attempt to obstruct the collective association in order to realize the sovereignty of people. At the same time, it was also a political economical demand that tried to change from the feudal association centered by the masters to the capitalist organization in order to develop the bearing capitalism. Besides, it went hand in hand with the realistic revolutionary demand that did away with feudal political priority of the masters and emancipated the liberal mobilization of force of labor from the patriarchal restriction. However, in spite of this early revolution mind, this ``association prohibition policy`` was deteriorated as a means of maintaining the political structure of the nineteenth century when the thought of democracy in the middle of sovereignty of people changed to the representative democracy and the exploitation of the capitalists to the proletariats continued. In the long run, the writer abstracts elements of the authoritarianism and the sovereignty of people from characters of the centralized state during the revolution period in order to find the possibility that will be able to combine the civic society and the direct democracy by the maximization of the sovereignty of people.

애기똥풀 추출물이 정균제인 수은의 항산화 및 멜라닌화에 미치는 영향

손영우 ( Young Woo Son ),오성균 ( Seong Kyun Oh ),최유란 ( Yu Ran Choi ),박신희 ( Shin Hee Park ),서영미 ( Young Mi Seo ),이화정 ( Hwa Jeong Lee ),정인주 ( In Ju Jung ) 대한미용학회 2013 대한미용학회지 Vol.9 No.3

To clarify the effect of Chelidonium majus (CM) extract on mercury (Hg)-induced cytotoxicity and melanogenesis, cell viability was done by XTT assay after human skin melanoma cells (SK-MEL-3) were cultured in media containing various concentrations of mercuric chloride (HgCl2). And also, the effect of vitamin E on HgCl2-induced cytotoxicity was assessed. For the protective effect of CM extract on HgCl2-induced cytotoxicity and melanogenesis, SK-MEL-3 cells were pretreated with 50 or 80 μg/mL of CM extract for 2 hours, and also, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity for antioxidative effect as well as the melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity for the melanogenesis on CM extract were analysed. In this study, HgCl2 significantly decreased cell viability in dose-dependent way compared with control, and the XTT50 value was calculated at 29.1 μM of HgCl2. In the protective effect of vitamin E, it effectively prevented HgCl2- induced cytotoxicity by a significant increase of cell viability. In the protective effect of CM extract on HgCl2-induced cytotoxicity, CM extract significantly increased cell viability which was decreased by HgCl2-induced cytotoxicity, and also it showed the inhibitory effect of LDH activity. While, in the melanogenesis of CM extract, CM extract remarkably decreased melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity compared with HgCl2-treated group. From these results, it suggested that HgCl2-induced cytotoxicity was involved in oxidative stress, and also, CM extract effectively prevented HgCl2- induced cytotoxicity and melanogenesis. Conclusively, plant extract such as CM may be a putative beauty resources for the prevention or diminution of the toxicity or melanogenesis induced by heavy metals correlated with oxidative stress.

카오스 이론을 이용한 한글 문자 특징 추출에 관한 연구

손영우(Young-Woo Son),홍경순(Kyung Soon Hong),남궁재찬(Jae-chan Namkung) 한국정보과학회 1999 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2Ⅱ

미세한 차이를 고감도 식별하는 카오스 이론의 프랙탈 차원과 스트레인즈 어트랙터를 생성하는 수정된 에농 함수를 이용하여, 한글 2,350 자에 대한 시계열 데이터의 혼도도를 분석하기 위해, 각각의 문자 O' 트랙터를 구성한 후, 프랙탈 차원을 나타내는 Box-counting Dimension 및 Natural Measure, Information Bit, Information Dimension 등을 구하여 문자 특징을 추출하는 새로운 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 실험결과 한글 2,350 자에 대하여 99.23%의 분류율을 나타내어 제안된 방법의 유효성을 보였다.

카오스 이론을 이용한 고정도 문자 인식 시스템

손영우(Young-Woo Son) 한국멀티미디어학회 2001 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.4 No.6

왜 노동조합이 전투적이고 갈등적인 전략을 선택하는가?: 한국 노조운동의 정치적 기회구조의 한계와 이중구조의 출현

손영우 ( Young Woo Son ) 서강대학교 사회과학연구소 2012 사회과학연구 Vol.20 No.1

This article studies on the relation between the choice of strategy of labour movement and political opportunity structure in Korea. It tries to respond why confrontational and combative strategies persist in South Korea`s lobor unions. It indicaits that one of causes is highly restrictive laws and institutional structures to the right of collective action anti that these structures provoked a dual movement in labour between the standard workes and non standard wodrs.

노동조합에게도 사회적 책임이 있는가? -사회적 책임의 대상 확대와 노조 적용에 관한 연구

손영우 ( Young Woo Son ) 민주화운동기념사업회 2012 기억과 전망 Vol.0 No.27

This paper examines whether ``the social responsibility(SR)`` can be applied to labor unions or not, one of the debates provoked at the standard-setting process of ISO 26000. In order to answer this question, we take the triangle analytical framework: the conceptualization of SR, the nature of the union as a target of SR and the union`s participation in the standard-setting process. In this article, we result that SR can be applied to all organizations, but not to the same degree. It depends on the nature of the organizations. Because SR is not only social values and obligations that all organizations need to pursue generally, but also at same time an accountability of the results in accordance with the decisions or actions of a particular social group. Specially, the weight of SR grows in proportion to the social influence of groups, business size, and the nature of pursuit of profit, but it decreases in response to the contribution of sustainable development by the groups. According to the results, SR can be applied to the unions, but differently and partially in light of the unions` major activity purpose, their influence and configuration.