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손병규 한국역사연구회 2003 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.48
It is a household register that is the most fundamental material in research of the structure and change of status in late Joseon dynasty. In this paper, I studied its numerical rate and change through individual occupational obligation recorded in a household register. By the way, occupational obligation essentially means a foundation of the cllection of financial resources expressed in terms of population in national finance. It can be said that occupational obligation in a household register is legislative satus because the government grasped the people of occupational obligation through a household register composed of families and the members of a family. I tried to understand occupational obligation as the concept distinguished from social status while former researchers regarded it as social status generally understood in a society. This classification and definition of status have their roots in the question: "Is legislative status equal to social status?" By making out a household register, the government had not only grasped the people directly related to compulsory labor; but also grasped classifications of citizens and slaves and their social positions. He formed the system of occupational obligation to have a hold on the people under the pressure of national needs. Therefore the system of occupational obligation can be said the status that was made by the government to graspe the people and maintain a ruling system for society. The government made the system of occupational obligation and maintained it to the last of Joseon because social status was, unlike occupational obligation, fragile and vague. For example, a social status 'yangban' was recognized variously and very mobile according to the local community. Besides it was not prescribed in the law and was not given the special right. On the contrary, the recording style of household register had become simple and easy in the direction of weakening discrimination of social status. In this aspect, it has a different quality from the trend of paternal unification and exclussiveness of status of relatives. Considering a different quality like this, we should discuss research methods toward a real aspects of social status through mentioned items of household register.