
http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury and the induction of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) by ethanol appears to be one of the mechanism through which ethanol generates the oxidative stress. Turmeric, the rhizome of the herb Curcuma longa L., is extensively used in curries and mustards as a coloring and flavoring agent. It has long been known in India and many other countries as their use in traditional medicine for wound healing, inflammation and stomach acidity as well as important dietary sources. Several investigations have determined the efficacy of turmeric as anti-atherosclerotic, anti-diabetic, anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer agents. However Curcuma longa L. is not usually used as a food source due to its bitter and flavor. A functional fermented turmeric less bitter taste and harsh taste than before as well as significantly improved unique flavor of turmeric root tuber so as to be easy to be taken as a material for drink or food widely is obtained. In the present study, the hepatoprotective effect of fermented turmeric (FC) against ethanol-induced liver damage was investigated in HepG2/2E1 cells and C57BL/6 mice. Also, its mode of action was examined in relation to oxidative stress and its active compound was purified. FC was extracted by cold water, hot water, 80% EtOH, and MeOH, yielding respective extracts. MeOH-extract (FCM) showed the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid levels among four extracts. Also, FCM exhibited higher free radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation inhibitory potential than other extracts. When cytotoxicities of the extracts were determined, cold water extract (FCC) showed no cytotoxicities up to 1000 ㎍/mL, while hot water extract (FCH) revealed the cytotoxicity from 750 ㎍/mL, EtOH-extract (FCE) from 200 ㎍/mL, and FCM from 100 ㎍/mL. Of four extracts, the highest protective activity against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in hepatoma cells was observed in FCC. The pretreatment of FCC also reduced the intracellular ROS formation compared to the ethanol-alone treated cells. To investigate the changes in antioxidant activities of HepG2/2E1 cells treated with FCC, cells were divided into 4 groups ; ⅰ) control group, ⅱ) 200 mM ethanol-alone treated group ⅲ) 200 mM ethanol plus 250 ㎍/㎕ of FCC treated group, and ⅳ) 200 mM ethanol plus 500 ㎍/㎕ of FCC treated group. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathion peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferse (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) and the level of glutathione (GSH) in the ethanol group were significantly lower than those of the control group. On the other hand, ethanol plus FCC group stimulated the hepatic enzyme activities and GSH level. The level of MDA which had been increased by ethanol group was markedly decreased in FCC pre-treated group. From these results, FCC could contain active compounds on the hepatoprotective effect, therefore FCC was further fractionated by solvent partitioning with hexane (FCC-H), chloroform (FCC-C), ethyl acetate (FCC-E) and water (FCC-W). The cytotoxicities of the fractions were determined as follows; FCC-H and FCC-E fractions showed no cytotoxicity up to 25 ㎍/mL and FCC-C fraction showed no cytotoxicity up to 10 ㎍/mL. FCC-C fraction revealed the relatively high hepatoprotecitve activity against oxidative stress induced by ethanol compared to other fractions. Also, the treatment of FCC-C reduced the intracellular ROS formation as compared to the ethanol-alone treated cells. Results indicate that FCC-C treatment contributes to the improved antioxidant defense capability in the cells damaged by ethanol. The results of in vivo study showed that the mice supplied with FCC (200 or 1000 mg/kg b.w./day) with ethanol for 3 days were significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) acitivities compared to the ethanol-alone adminstered mice. In addition, ethanol treatment produced the high levels of oxidative damages, exhibitiry the significant elevation of hepatic MDA level and the dramatic reductions of GSH concentration and catalase, GST, GPx, GR and GPx activities, which suggest a role of oxidative stress in ethanol hepatotoxicity. However, pretreatment with FCC showed a significant protective effects against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice. A decrease in the hepatic MDA level confirmed that the treatment with FCC could effectively protect against the hepatic lipid peroxidation induced by ethanol. Also, the antioxidative status was improved by the supplementation of FCC, by the elevations of GSH level and antioxidant enzyme activities. Based upon these results, FCC, the cold water extract of fermented Curcuma longa L. has elevating antioxidative potentials and decreasing lipid peroxidation, and was confirmed to possess the hepatoprotective capability against the alcohol-induced oxidative stress.
발달장애 중학생을 위한 교과 연계 독도 교육 수업 사례 연구
독도 교육은 범교과 학습 주제의 하나로 영토 의식뿐 아니라 애국심 고취 및 민주시민성 함양을 목적으로 실시되고 있다. 하지만 일반교육에서 여러 교과에 독도 교육 내용이 포함되어 있고 다양한 독도 교육 관련 교수·학습 자료가 마련되어 있는 반면, 발달장애학생에게 적용되는 특수교육 기본교육과정에는 중학교 사회과에만 독도 교육 내용이 제시되어 있으며, 발달장애학생을 위한 독도 교육 관련 교수·학습 자료도 최근 개발되었다. 발달장애학생도 우리나라의 한 성원으로서 독도에 대한 올바른 이해와 관심을 가질 수 있도록 독도 교육에 대한 충분한 기회가 제공되어야 하며 이를 위해 특수교육 현장에서 교육과정과 연계한 독도 교육의 실천적 수업 사례 연구가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 경기도 A시에 소재하는 S중학교 특수학급 발달장애학생 2명을 대상으로 국어 및 미술 교과 연계 독도 교육 수업을 통하여 교과 목표와 독도 교육의 목표가 함께 달성되는지 확인하였다. 또한, 학생 활동 중심의 교과 연계 독도 교육 수업으로 발달장애학생의 수업 참여 행동이 향상되는지 확인하였다. 본 연구는 박윤정, 한경근, 맹성헌(2020)의 수업 설계 절차 및 범교과 학습 교수학습자료 활용 사고 프로세스를 활용하여 교과 연계 독도 교육 수업 프로그램을 구성하였다. 교과 학습 목표 달성을 확인하기 위해 국어 교과는 관찰에 의한 질적평가 및 수행평가, 미술 교과는 과정 및 수행중심평가를 사용하였다. 이를 위해 수업 영상을 관찰하여 작성한 관찰일지와 학습 결과물 등을 활용하였다. 독도 교육 학습 목표 달성을 확인하기 위해 사전·사후 질문지, 퀴즈, 학습 결과물 및 관찰일지 등을 활용하였으며, 수업 참여 행동을 알아보기 위해 수업 참여 행동 체크리스트를 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교과 연계 독도 교육 수업으로 발달장애 중학생의 국어 및 미술 교과의 학습 목표가 달성되었다. 둘째, 교과 연계 독도 교육 수업으로 발달장애 중학생의 독도 지식 목표 및 독도 태도 목표가 달성되었다. 셋째, 교과 연계 독도 교육 수업으로 발달장애 중학생의 수업 참여 행동이 향상되었다. 후속 연구로 국어와 미술 교과 외에 다른 교과와의 연계를 통한 독도 교육 사례 연구, 충분한 연구 기간의 설정 및 유지 효과의 검증, 교과 연계 독도 교육 수업 모형의 개발, 독도 교육뿐 아니라 다른 범교과 학습 주제를 교과와 연계한 수업 사례 연구의 필요성에 대해 제언하였다.
‘유목민?되기’로서 영화 연구: 〈소공녀〉와 〈노매드랜드〉를 중심으로
성혜미 동국대학교 일반대학원 2022 국내석사
As film criticism and research from a feminist perspective have been actively conducted from the 1970s until now, the positions of female films, directors, and characters have been expanded. Accordingly, recent research trends focus on “Is an individual film a women’s film or not” and try to clarify “What is a women’s film?” While this paper acknowledges the achievements of these studies, concerns remain over the dichotomy of the discussion. It is because attempts to define what a women’s film is while excluding other positions can overshadow the efforts of those trying various strategies for women’s films. Thus, this thesis argues that criticism and research should focus on “what kind of movie shall be my aim?” Focusing on “films that deal with female characters as ‘devenir–nomade’” as the goal, this thesis analyzes 〈Microhabitat〉 and 〈Nomadland〉 which are its representative works. 〈Microhabitat〉 Miso and 〈Nomadland〉 Fern’s leaving the road is breaking free from servitude. To conduct such an analysis effectively, this thesis uses Deleuze’s ‘rhizome,’ ‘devenir,’ and ‘nomadisme’ as a methodology. The core of this concept is an effort to find new conditions for existence by resisting the oppression of life as a standard or principle, thereby maximizing the power of life. According to this point of view, the core of 〈Microhabitat〉 is the ‘n-1’ world created by Miso. Deleuze describes the rhizome as ‘n-1.’ This is in the sense that when the logic is set to 1 as the same that starts from one and converges back to one, subtracting that 1 can lead to a manifold. When the standard that suppresses Miso and members of society such as one must attend a certain university, get a job at a certain age and get married is 1, Miso means to escape from that standard. Thus, the world of Miso in ‘n-1.’ On the other hand, the core of 〈Nomadland〉 is Fern’s journey as a nomad. Nomads create something unexpected while drawing a line that deviates from the established path and leads to another place. As a result, a life that has been blocked by walls and dug into grooves can flow in all directions. Just like nomads who create something new only in the point of indiscernibility, such images appear in Fern’s journey. Wandering from here to there without leaving her destination, Fern forms a relationship that allows her to escape from her own life trapped in the memories of her past. At the end of the film, she sets out on her path again, freeing herself from her memories that make her live in the past. Such an analysis is only an example. That female characters, films, and directors continue to converge into the category of ‘woman’ emphasizes that women are still called according to the standards set by society. Therefore, in place of the conclusion, this thesis leaves a follow-up task with the hope that the female figure will be called an individual research object instead of the woman and expand the way of existence.
대구지역 일부 기숙형 학교의 기숙사 입소 여부에 따른 식습관 및 건강행태 조사
성혜미 경북대학교 교육대학원 2022 국내석사
This study aimed to provide the basic foundation on nutritional education and improved system for proper dietary habits and appropriate school life by identifying the effects time spent in school and school meals on adolescents' dietary habits and health behaviors. For the study, a survey was conducted on 279 students of boarding high schools in Daegu district
Effects of Acorus gramineus Soland on partial androgen deficiency in aging male (PADAM)
성혜미 Chonnam National University 2017 국내박사
In this study, we investigated effects of Acorus gramineus Soland extract (AGE) or peanut sprout (Arachis hypogaea L.) extract (PSE) on BPH and erectile dysfunction, which are related to male menopause. To determine the protective effects of extracts, the AGE or PSE exhibited the protective effect against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide in TM3 cells. Cell viability of AGE is significantly higher than the viability of PSE. And, AGE showed significantly testosterone levels to that of the PSE treated. Futhermore, inhibition of PDE in AGE was significantly higher than PSE. It was confirmed that AGE had s high inhibitory effect on PDE activity, which resulted into the enhancement of erectile function. To see the effect of inflammation on BPH, the inhibition of NO production by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was investigated in RAW264.7 cells and it was found that AGE inhibited NO production than PSE. Also, AGE had s high inhibitory effect on SRD5A2 activity. These results indicated that AGE was able to alleviate andropause symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the effects of AGE on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in castrated rats. The results showed that the rat supplied with AGE (100 or 250 or 500 mg/kg b.w. day) with testosterone were significantly reduced testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in serum, compared to the BPH (testosterone-alone) group. In addition, AGE group significantly decreased SRD5A2 and androgen receptor (AR) expression level as compared to the BPH group. Testosterone administration resulted in a significant increase in mRNA levels of IL-1β, COX-2, IL-6, and iNOS. However, treatment with 250 and 500 mg/kg AGE significantly decreased their levels. In addition, the increase in COX-2 and p-nulear factor (NF)-κB protein levels was also significantly attenuated by AGE treatment. Also, the antioxidative status was improved by the supplementation of AGE, by the elevations of GSH level and antioxidant enzyme activities. Based on results, AGE possessed the potency to benign prostatic hyperplasia ameliorate by eventually alleviating the prostatic inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Thus, AGE might be used as functional source material for alleviating male menopause symptoms such as BPH.