지역개발 여건을 감안한 캄보디아 SEZ개선방안

성장환(Jang Hwan Seong),장인석(In Seok Chang) 한국아시아학회 2010 아시아연구 Vol.13 No.1

이 논문은 최근 외국인 투자가 급증하고 있는 캄보디아의 개발현황을 살펴보고 1994년 캄보디아의 외국인투자법 제정 이후 조성된 16개 특별경제구역 가운데 프놈펜 특별경제구역의 문제점을 분석 한 것이다. 연구결과, 프놈펜 특별경제구역은 캄보디아 기업과 일본자본과의 합작법인에 의해 조성되었으나 실질적인 분양이 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 특히 외국 민간자본에 의해 건설되므로 캄보디아 정부의 개발주도권 약화와 주변지역의 산업인프라시설 부족으로 입지수요가 매우 부족해 소기의 목적을 달성하지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 향후에는 해외민간자본 유치보다는 차관도입에 의한 자립적 개발방식을 적용하고, 사회간접자본 확충을 위한 캄보디아 국가재정의 확대지출을 강조한다. This paper examined the present situation of development in Cambodia where foreign investments have recently increased sharply. The paper also analyzed the problems of the Phnom Penh special economic zone among 16 special economic zones, which were created by joint ventures between Cambodian businesses and Japanese capital since Cambodia`s enactment of the Foreign Investment Act in 1994. This study found that almost no building sites have been sold in the Phnom Penh special economic zone since its formationby joint ventures between Cambodian businesses and Japanese capital. The study also found that the special economic zone failed to achieve its goal due to the Cambodian government`s weakened initiative in development as the zone was constructed by foreign private capital and because of very low spatial demand as it lacks industrial infrastructure in its vicinity. As solutions to these problems, this study emphasizes that Cambodia should apply independent development methods in the future by introducing foreign loans rather than by attracting overseas private capital. Cambodia should also increase national expenditures for the expansion of social overhead capital.

지방자치단체·LH 협력사업 도출을 통한 거버넌스 구축방안 : 제주특별자치도를 대상으로

이미홍,성장환,송영일,Lee, Mi-hong,Seong, Jang-Hwan,Song, Youngil 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2017 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.8 No.4

Recently, as the paradigm of regional development has been transformed into characterization, decentralization and cooperation, small and medium scale development is in the spotlight. In particular, as the transfer of planning authority to local governments accelerates, LH is in the process of seeking to transform itself into a system that is in line with local government demand. The purpose of this study is to elaborate the regional pending projects that meet the demand of the region. The Jeju Special Self-Governing Province is the area where land and housing prices have increased more than three times recently, which is the area of interest in recent years due to the various demand for development projects. Another objective is to establish a local government based on LH's system, it is aimed to derive a collaboration method with local government, province corporation and local researchers. The criteria for deriving the cooperation projects between the local government and LH are basically the ones that can be carried out by LH and future-oriented projects. The process of deriving has undergone the process of statutory planning, unscrupulous plan analysis, and consultation of experts' advisory committees. In order to derive the regional cooperation project, four criteria such as local uniqueness, future possibility, business promotion efficiency, and local cooperation project were set. Major projects of the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province are improvement of the surrounding traffic system, construction of the hinterland due to the construction of the second airport, and establishment of Cruise Port(Jeju Port, Seogwipo Port). The role of each entity in the implementation of regional cooperation projects is as follows. Local government should request subsidies for the projects in case of lack of budget support and secure them through competition with other regions. In addition, it should be responsible for the operation and management of the facility once it has been supported and completed smoothly. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport affects each region through approval and subsidy of the development plan. After the development project is completed, it evaluates the development project through monitoring and plays a role of continuously improving the system. As a business operator, the provincial corporation will carry out small-scale projects including non-physical projects such as community participation. In the case of LH regional headquarters, the general manager of the region will establish a comprehensive business plan, secure development availability, and carry out large-scale growth promotion projects.

도시개발 여건을 고려한 울란바타르 건설사업 참여방안

정연우,성장환,Jeong, Yeun-Woo,Seong, Jang-Hwan 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2012 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.3 No.4

본 논문은 최근 지속적인 경제성장을 보이고 있는 몽골의 수도 울란바타르시를 대상으로 개발여건 검토와 이를 바탕으로 현지 실정을 고려한 효과적인 도시개발사업 참여방안을 제시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 몽골의 경우, 구리 금 등 풍부한 지하자원과 높은 교육수준이 장점인 반면, 도로 철도 등 기반시설 미비와 인구 260만명의 협소한 내수시장이 단점으로 나타났다. 울란바타르시는 지속적 인구유입으로 향후 개발압력이 높을 것으로 예상되는 한편, 도로, 상 하수도, 전력, 난방 등 기반시설의 개선 또한 시급한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 몽골의 토지제도를 분석한 결과, 몽골의 토지권리는 소유권 및 임차권, 사용권이 공존하고 있는 상황이며, 이에 따른 권리에 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 몽골에 진출한 우리나라 개발사업자의 사업방식을 검토하고, 이를 토대로 울란바타르시 개발사업에 참여하기 위한 현실적 방안으로서 부지조성 후 토지분양 방식과 부지조성 및 건축 후 직접분양 방식을 구체적으로 제시하였다. 더불어 사업참여시 고려해야 할 사항으로서 토지매각 가능성 제고와 수익성 확보를 위한 적정 매각가격 책정, 수익성 토지의 적정 매수자 발굴, 몽골 정부의 지분투자 및 원리금 지급보증, 몽골주택금융공사를 통한 분양안정성 확보 등을 제시하였다. The efficient business scheme were suggested with the consideration of the local development condition at Ulaanbaatar. Major findings of the study were presented as follows. First, high level of education and the underground resources are presented as the merits of Mongolia. On the other side, the defects are limited domestic demands of 2.6 millions of population and the insufficiency of the infrastructure. The improvement of the infrastructures like roads, water & sewage, electric power, and heating is urgent while the development pressure of Ulaanbaatar is expected to be high due to the continuous inflow of population. Secondly, the Mongolian land system consists of the right of ownership, lease and use, therefore there are some differences among the right of land. Thirdly, definite business scheme to sell land in lots and to sell buildings in lots are suggested which are actual methods to participate in the development project in Ulaanbaatar. Moreover, enhancing the possibility to sell the lands, fixing the proper sale price to secure the profit, finding the proper buyer for the profitable lands, investing of quota and guaranteeing of granting the principal and interest by the Mongolian government, etc. are presented as consideration when participate in projects.

대규모 신도시 및 주변지역 거주환경 비교분석 연구

조영태,성장환,Cho, Young-Tae,Seong, Jang-Hwan 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2011 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.2 No.1

1990년대 초반 분당, 일산 등 5개의 수도권 1기 신도시가 개발되었다. 이들 신도시는 체계적인 도시계획과 쾌적한 주거환경으로 선호도가 높아 살고 싶은 도시로 인식되고 있다. 이들 신도시 인근에는 중소규모의 택지개발이 많이 진행되었으며, 동일 생활권을 형성하기도 하는데 이들 지역은 '신개발 밀집지역'이라 불릴 수 있다. 수도권에서 이처럼 신개발이 집적된 대표적인 지역이 경부고속도로축에 입지한 분당과 용인서북부 지역이다. 이 지역은 2005년 현재 거주인구가 100만을 상회하는 대규모 생활권을 형성하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 분당-용인서북부 지역의 거주환경 비교분석을 통해 연속적인 중소규모 택지개발의 문제점을 파악하고 향후 신도시개발 및 주변지역 도시관리의 방향을 제시하고자 한다. During the 1990's, five new towns were constructed around Seoul such as Bun-Dang and Il-San. These new towns are very popular since they were created based on systemic urban planning and they provide various residential amenities. Many people consider them livable cities. Taking such advantages, other small-scale new public and private developments continued around those new towns and consequently created 'agglomerated region with new development'. The most representative area is Bun-Dang and north-western Yong-In area which are formed along the Seoul-Busan expressway. This area is a mega-community having more than one million residents in 2005.Judging from recent development trends in the Seoul metropolitan area, it is expected that the formation of other 'agglomerated region with new development' would be continued for the time being. This study is aimed to analyze the residential environment of Bun-Dang and north-western Yong-In and find implications to the management of 'agglomerated region with new development'. The relevant existing studies have their limits, only focusing on analyzing current conditions and pointing out current problems. This study could be differentiated from the existing analyses in that it conducted comprehensive analyses on various factors that constitute urban residential environment. The conclusion of this study was derived from diverse analyses of current development condition, residential sites, regional transportation, awareness of residents, and oversee cases.

해외 4개국의 도시개발제도 조사 및 비교 연구

정연우,성장환,이상준,Jeong, Yeun-Woo,Seong, Jang-Hwan,Lee, Sang-Jun 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2014 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.5 No.1

본 논문은 해외 도시개발사업 진출시 기초자료로 활용하기 위해, 공사의 사업추진 현황 및 추진전략을 토대로 향후 진출이 예상되는 국가를 선정하고, 이들 국가의 도시개발 관련 법제도를 전반적으로 조사, 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 시장수요 및 전략적 측면에서 현재 진출을 모색 중인 중남미 및 아시아 지역 중 관련 정보수집이 부진한 국가를 대상으로 진출 우선순위, 도시개발관련 법제도의 수준 및 자료구득 가능성 등을 토대로 방글라데시, 태국, 도미니카공화국, 베네수엘라를 조사대상 국가로 선정하였다. 둘째, 대상국의 도시 및 주택개발 관련 정책을 조사하였다. 조사결과 대부분의 국가에서 국가주택정책을 수립 추진하고 있으며, 이를 위한 국가주택청을 두고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 예를 들어, 태국의 도시 및 주택개발 관련 정책은 생애 첫 주택 정책, 국가주택개발전략 등이 있으며, 관련 기관인 국가주택청에서 저소득층을 위한 주택개발 업무를 담당하고 있다. 셋째, 조사대상국의 도시개발 관련 주요 법령을 조사하고, 이를 토대로 사업절차를 분석하였으며, 가능한 범위내에서 국내의 유사 법령과 비교하였다. 주요 법령을 조사한 결과, 아시아에 위치한 방글라데시와 태국의 경우 공통적으로 토지개발법령이 제정되어 있는 반면, 중남미는 국가별로 관련 법령들이 다양하게 나타났다. 예를 들어, 태국에서는 "토지개발법"과 "도시계획법"이 운용되고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 한편, 태국의 "도시계획법"과 유사한 우리나라 법령으로는 "국토의 계획 및 이용에 관한법률"과 "도시개발법"으로 분석되었다. The expected launching countries are selected based on the state and strategy of businesses undertaking by LH, then the legal systems for urban development of those countries are investigated and analyzed to be used as basic data for advancing to oversea urban development. The results are showing as follows. First, on the basis of the advancing priority, and the level and obtaining possibility of legal system for urban developments, Bangladesh, Thailand, Dominican Republic, and Venezuela are selected to be investigated among the countries of Central and South America and Asia to where expected to be advanced. Second, most of the selected countries establish and promote the national housing policies by their own National Housing Authority. For example, First-Home Policy and National Housing Development Strategy, etc. are established in Thailand, and National Housing Authority takes charge of the housing development for low-income bracket. Third, the laws and project procedures are investigated, then compared to the similar laws of Korea. The common "Land Allocation Act" is legislate in Bangladesh and Thailand, for example, "Land Allocation Act" and "Town and City Planning Act" are enacted in Thailand. On the other hand, the laws for urban and housing developments vary from country to country those are located in Central and South America. Meanwhile, it is verified that "Act on Planning and Use of National Territory" of Korea is similar to the "Town and City Planning Act" of Thailand.

해외산업단지 조성을 위한 국가별 산업입지 비교우위에 관한 연구

장인석,성장환,정연우,Chang, In-Seok,Seong, Jang-Hwan,Jeong, Yeun-Woo 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2013 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.4 No.3

이 논문은 우리나라 중소기업의 해외진출을 위한 전용산업단지 조성을 전제로 주요 국가들에 대한 산업입지결정변수를 적용하고 이에 따른 비교우위결과를 분석 한 것이다. 연구결과, 첫째, 2010년 1/4분기 현재, 우리기업이 진출한 국가들은 모두 128개국이며, 이 중 '80년~2010년 동안의 총 신고건수 기준 상위 20개국은 중국, 베트남, 일본, 홍콩 등 아시아 지역에 속한 국가가 13개로 가장 많았다. 둘째, 해외산업단지 조성을 위한 주요 분석대상국을 선정하였다. 128개 국가 중에서 1인당 GDP가 우리나라 보다 낮고, 2007년~2010년 동안 현지 법인 신고건수가 10건 이상인 38개 국가를 선별하였고, 이 중 2008~2009년 기준 월 최저임금이 우리나라와 유사한 수준(815달러/월)의 10개 국가를 제외하여, 최종적으로 중국, 베트남, 캄보디아 등 총 28개국을 주요 분석대상국가로 선정하였다. 셋째, 해외산업단지 조성시 국가별 비교우위 평가지표를 크게 투자유인정책, 노동시장 유연성, 시장수요 잠재력, 인구규모, 제조업 신고건수 변화율 등 5개 부문으로 구분하고, 부문별로 세부지표를 선정한 후 중요도에 따라 가중치를 부여하였다. 넷째, 28개 국가를 대상으로 평가지표를 적용한 바, 노동시장 유연성과 투자유인정책 부문의 평가점수가 높고 상대적으로 미개척된 지역으로서 우리나라와 우호 관계에 있는 인도네시아, 몽골, 우즈베키스탄 등이 전반적인 비교우위가 높은 것으로 나타났다. The indices to choose the object countries for developing overseas industrial park were developed and applied in this paper. The results are showing as follows. First, the Korean enterprises are branched out into total 128 countries as of the first quarter of 2010, and the 13 asian countries including China, Vietnam, Japan, and Hongkong shows the majority of precedence 20 countries among the reported during 1980-2010. Second, the 3 steps of selecting the principal region to branch out, establishing assessment indices and criteria, and choosing strategical target counties were developed to choose the countries for developing overseas industrial park. The 38 of 128 countries were selected where the GDP per capita is lower than Korea, and the local reports of incorporation during 2007-2010 are more than 10 times. Then, the 10 countries were excluded where the minimum wages during 2008-2009 are similar to Korean ($815/month). Consequently, the 28 countries including China, Vietnam, and Cambodia etc. were selected as the major target regions. Third, the indices to choose countries for developing overseas industrial park are classified into 5 categories-investment condition, labor market flexibility, potential market demand, population, changing rate of the reported number of manufacturing industry, and detailed indices for each category were selected, then the weight were given with the consideration of importance. Finally, Indonesia, Mongolia, and Uzbekistan were selected as the strategical target counties where acquire the high score in labor market flexibility and investment condition, relatively undeveloped, and friendly to Korea.

중심성과 수요에 따른 시설의 규모 및 이용 양태: 분당신도시 및 주변지역을 중심으로

최성호 ( Seong Ho Choi ),이창무 ( Chang Moo Lee ),성장환 ( Jang Hwan Seong ) 한국부동산분석학회 2007 不動産學硏究 Vol.13 No.1

There are a lot of factors to affect the optimal location and the sufficient size of civic facilities for the residents in an area. Among them, the centrality of the community is one of the most important factors, containing important implications for urban planning practices. Previous research argued that Bundang new town has been grown to the center of its surrounding areas. Particularly, its level of centrality for commercial service is the highest. The paper investigates additional types of civic facilities, including cultural, medical, social welfare and religious facilities. For the investigations, questionnaires for the destination choices of the residents and a field survey for spatial distribution of the facilities were carried out. The results of the analysis are the followings. First, the sizes of the various facilities are the biggest and their numbers are the highest in Bundang new town. Second, destinations of facilities demand in each areas are aggregated on Bundang new town. Third, the centrality index of Bundang new town is the highest for all the facility types in the surveyed areas. The study concludes that Bundang new town has been developed as a regional center and that a core-periphery relationship described in the central place theory is working in Bundang and its surrounding areas.

미매각 토지의 원인진단 및 가치제고 사업지구 선정 방안

정연우,이상준,성장환,Jeong, Yeun-Woo,Lee, Sang-Jun,Seong, Jang-Hwan 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2013 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.4 No.3

본 논문은 가치제고 대안의 적용 여건을 감안한 미매각 토지의 개념을 새롭게 정의내리고, 공사 사업지구의 미매각 토지 현황과 원인을 진단하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 미매각 토지의 개념을 용지 매각을 위한 판매비 지출시점 이후부터 사업 준공까지 판매되지 못한 토지로서, 사업시행자의 자체사용분이 아닌 지자체 민간 등을 대상으로 판매를 지속하는 토지 중 부분적으로 계획변경이 가능한 경우로 정의하였다. 둘째, 2012년 기준으로 진행중인 226개 사업지구의 미매각 현황을 분석하였다. 전체 유상면적 $195km^2$의 74.8%에 해당하는 $146km^2$가 미매각된 것으로 나타났으며, 용지별로는 공동택지($38km^2$), 산업용지($21km^2$), 단독택지($16.4km^2$), 상업업무용지($12.5km^2$), 교육청사($10.2km^2$) 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 가치제고 사업지구를 선정하고 해당 지구의 미매각 현상과 원인을 분석하였다. 평균 미매각 비율 이상인 사업지구를 대상으로 실무자 및 전문가 의견을 수렴하여 수도권 6개, 지방권 2개 사업지구를 최종 선정하였다. 8개 사업지구의 용지별 매각현황을 분석한 결과, 주로 중대형 공동주택과 도시지원시설용지, 블록형 단독 및 연립주택용지 매각이 부진한 것으로 나타났다. 8개 사업지구는 공통적으로 경기변동, 시장수요변화 등 외부적 측면과 수요와 공급의 불일치, 경직된 계획기준 등 내부적 측면의 원인을 두고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. This paper defined the concept of unsold land and diagnosed the cause of unsold land of LH business site. The results are showing as follows. First, unsold land is defined as land could not be sold until the completion of the project, and plan to sell the unsold land can be changed partially. Second, the status of unsold land in the 226 project sites were analyzed. $146km^2$ area corresponding to 74.8% of the total capital area($195km^2$) are unsold. By purpose, co-residential($38km^2$), industry($21km^2$), exclusive residential($16.4km^2$), commercial business($12.5km^2$), education($10.2km^2$) was larger in order. Third, value enhancement target project sites were selected and its symptoms and the cause of unsold land were analyzed. For the project site over average unsold rate, 6 sites located in province and 2 sites located in capital region were selected through collecting the practitioners and expert opinion. These 8 sites are characterized that sale of land for medium and large co-residential, urban support facilities, block-shaped house and attached house was inactive. Also, these sites commonly experienced economic fluctuations, changes in market demand, supply and demand mismatch, inflexible planning standards.

1인당 주택면적을 활용한 지역별 택지수요 분석 연구

최대식(Choi Dae Sik),성장환(Seong Jang Hwan) 한국도시행정학회 2010 도시 행정 학보 Vol.23 No.1

This study aims to forecast the future demand for residential land in each municipality and the whole country. To this end, this study develops two separate models: a per capita living space estimation model and a population projection model. For the former, the whole country is classified into seven municipality groups and a model is established for each group. According to the results, county residents in the non-capital region are expected to have the largest per capita living space of 32.93m' in 2020, while city residents in the capital region to have the smallest of 25. 39m'. The future population of each municipality is projected with the use of Cohort survival method and regression method. In terms of the population increase rate, Yongin ranks the highest, followed by Gwangju(Gyeonggi), Paju, Hwaseong and Ansan. All of them are located in the capital region. Based on these results, the future demand for additional housing space and residential land is derived. By 2020, an additional housing space of 50lkIn', or 5.9 million housing units, are expected to be needed, with the demand for new residential development area reaching 767km', By city, Bucheon is found to have the highest ratio of the demand for new residential area in comparison with 'urban area' designated by the National Land Planning Law, followed by Anyang, Suweon, Seoul and Seongnam. By municipality group, Seoul/Incheon ranks the highest with the annual rate of 0.79 percent, followed by cities in the capital region, and metropolises in the non-capital region. Counties in the non-capital region are forecasted to have the annual rate of 0.06 percent, far lower than other groups.

都市家口의 類型別 住宅金融 需要패턴 比較硏究

李周炯(Lee Joo-Hyung),成長煥(Seong Jang-Hwan) 대한국토·도시계획학회 1999 國土計劃 Vol.34 No.6