Delayed luminescence of biophotons from plant leaves

성백경,Seung-Ho Yi,이창훈,양준모,Jai-Soon Kim,소광섭,양종수 한국광학회 2004 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.8 No.3

Intradermal Alcian-Blue Injection Method to Trace Acupuncture Meridians

성백경,김민수,오가이,강대인,소광섭,Sung, Baeck-Kyoung,Kim, Min-Su,Ogay, Vyacheslav,Kang, Dae-In,Soh, Kwang-Sup KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2008 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.11 No.2

목적 : 본 논문에서는 경락을 추적하기 위한 피내(皮內) 알시안 블루(Alcian blue) 염색 방법을 기술한다. 방법 : 1% 알시안 블루 용액을 31게이지 바늘이 달린 0.5mL 인슐린 주사기를 사용하여 경혈 지점에 피내 주사한 후 실체 현미경하에서 수술, 관찰하였다. 면역조직화학적 방법을 사용하여 해당 조직을 레이저 공초점주사현미경으로 관찰하였다. 결과 : 알시안 블루로 염색되고 피하로 이어지는 실 모양 구조물을 관찰하였다. 이 조직 내에서 특징적인 막대모양 핵 배열 및 $1-2{\mu}m$크기의 데옥시리보핵산 입자가 관찰되었다. 또한 경혈 조직 내에서 풍부한 모세혈관총 및 말초신경 말단, 그리고 약 $300{\mu}m$크기의 소체형 구조물을 확인하였다. 결론 : 경혈 지점의 피내에서 발견된 특징적 실 모양 구조물 및 소체형 구조물은 각각 표층 봉한관 및 소체로 판단된다. Objective In this article, we report on the intradermal Alcian blue staining method for tracing the meridians of acupuncture. Methods 1% Alcian blue solution was injected into acupoints by using a 0.5mL insulin syringe with a 31-gauge needle, then the skin was incised and was observed under a stereoscopic microscope. The specimens were examined by using immunohistochemical methods and were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope. Results A threadlike structure, which was visualized with Alcian blue, existed in dermis layer and proceeded to hypodermis. In this structure, characteristic alignments of rod- shaped nuclei and $1-2{\mu}m$ sized DNA granules were observed. Furthermore, abundant blood capillary plexuses, peripheral nerve endings, and a corpuscle-like structure(about $300{\mu}m$ in diameter) were visualized in the skin tissues of acupoints. Conclusion It was concluded that the specific threadlike and corpuscle-like structures corresponded to superficial Bonghan duct and corpuscle, respectively.

연구 실험실 안전보건 관리제도 비교 - 한국과 독일 사례 고찰

박지훈,성백경,마티아스 올리버 알트마이어,김용준 한국산업보건학회 2020 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the regulatory systems for laboratory safety and health management between Korea and Germany and discuss the implications. Methods: Laboratory safety and health regulations for legal enforcement and relevant technical guidelines in Korea and Germany were reviewed. Results: Lab safety and health management is enforced by the Act on the Establishment of Safe Laboratory Environment in Korea. Most provisions focus on supervisory control, that is, the principal’s liability is emphasized. In addition, there is a lack of laboratory-specific procedures for safety and health management in the act since it is stipulated that other relevant regulations apply to some technical contents. Non-compulsory technical guidelines for lab safety and health management are also provided by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) in order to enable researchers to follow safe procedures. There is no independent regulation for lab safety and health in Germany, and it is also governed by several regulations. The German Social Accident Insurance Institute provides technical guidelines on lab safety and health, and these contain more specific content to allow them to be followed more easily compared to the KOSHA guidelines. The most remarkable differences between the regulation of each country were contents of the risk assessment and specific protect measures from hazardous agents. Conclusions: Regulatory control is an essential way to prevent accidents, but it is more important to create an environment in which all stakeholders, including individual lab members, are allowed to participate actively in safety and health management activities.

Novel circulatory connection from the acupoint Zhong Wan(CV12) to pancreas

김민수,성백경,최천주,김민수,강대인,소광섭,Kim, Min-Soo,Sung, Baeck-Kyoung,Ogay, Vyacheslav,Choi, Chun-Ju,Kim, Min-Su,Kang, Dae-In,Soh, Kwang-Sup KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2008 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.11 No.1

Objectives : Demonstrating a novel circulatory path from the acupoint(CV12) to the pancreas. Method : Alcian blue(1% solution, $20{\mu}l$, pH 7.4) was injected into the acupoint(CV12). Two hours later the surfaces of internal organs were observed by using a stereomicroscope. Results : Alcian blue arrived and colored the omental fat band(OFB) on the pancreas. The OFB connected the head and tail of the pancreas, the pancreas and the spleen, and the pancreas and the stomach. Conclusion : The existence of a novel circulatory path from the acupoint CV12 to the pancreas and its OFB was demonstrated. 목적 : 피부의 경혈(CV12)로부터 췌장으로 액체가 흘러가는 경로가 있음을 보임. 방법 : 생쥐의 중완혈에 푸른색 염료(Alcian blue) 1% 용액을 주입하고, 2시간이 경과한 후 개복하여 내장장기의 표면들을 실체 현미경으로 관찰한다. 결과 : 췌장 위에 있으며, 췌장의 머리부분과 꼬리부분, 췌장과 위장, 췌장과 비장을 연결해주는 망막상의 지방줄(omental fat band)에 Alcian blue가 도달, 착색되었다. 결론 : 중완혈로부터 췌장을 경과하여 망막상의 지방줄에 이르는 액체 순환경로가 있다.

광전자증배관을 이용한 나뭇잎의 지연발광의 특성연구

임재관,김정대,성백경,최준호,소광섭 한국물리학회 2003 새물리 Vol.47 No.2

The time--dependence of th delayed-luminescence (DL) from Euonymus Japonica leaves was studied and the DL exhibited a hyperbolic decay function, which is the signature of coherence of biophotons from plant leaves. The exponent $\beta$ of the hyperbolic function is the characteristic feature of plant species. We investigated the temperature dependency of the $\beta$--value and found that $\beta$ decreased with rising temperature as (Tc - T), where Tc = 51.3 $\pm$ 0.3 $^\circ$C. The value of $\alpha$ was 0.41 $\pm$ 0.07, DL phenomenon ceased at 52 $^\circ$C. 사철나뭇잎 (학명: {\it Euonymus Japonica})에서 나오는 지연발광 (Delayed Luminescence)의 시간적 특성을 조사하였다. 나뭇잎과 같은 생물체에서 방출되는 광자의 결맞음으로 지연발광의 시간변화는 쌍곡선 함수에 따름이 알려져 있다. 특히 쌍곡선 함수의 지수 $\beta$는 그 생물체의 특성으로 간주할 수 있다. 우리는 $\beta$값의 온도의존도를 조사하고, 그 변화가 특성함수 $(T_c-T)^{\alpha}$에 따름을 발견하였다. 여기서 $T_c = 51.3\pm 0.3^{\circ}$C 이고 $\alpha = 0.41\pm 0.07$ 이며, 52 $^{\circ}$C 의 처리온도에서 지연발광현상이 소멸되었다.

Fluorescent Method for Observing Intravascular Bonghan Duct

이병천,백구연,정현민,성백경,소경순,강대인,소광섭,Lee, Byung-Cheon,Baik, Ku-Youn,Johng, Hyeon-Min,Sung, Baeck-Kyoung,Soh, Kyung-Soon,Kang, Dae-In,Soh, Kwang-Sup KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2005 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.8 No.3

미분간섭현미경법과 아크리딘-오렌지(acridine-orange) 형광 염색을 이용하여 쥐 혈관 내의 실 모양 구조물을 관찰하였다. 공초점현미경법과 헤마톡실린-에오신(hematoxylin-eosin) 염색을 통해 피브린, 모세혈관, 소정맥, 소동맥 혹은 림프관의 핵 분포와 뚜렷이 구별되는 혈관 내 실 모양 구조물의 핵 분포 패턴을 얻어낼 수 있었다. 이 실 모양 구조물의 생리적 기능을 침술과 연관하여 논의하였다. 특히, 이 실 모양 관을 통한 약물의 흐름이 약침의 기전에 해당할 것이라는 가설을 제기하였다. Observation of intra-vascular threadlike structures in the blood vessels of rats is reported with the images by differential interference contrast microscope, and fluorescence inverted microscope of the acridine-orange stained samples. The confocal microscope image and the hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed the distinctive pattern of nuclei distribution that clearly discerned the threadlike structure from fibrin, capillary, small venule, arteriole, or lymph vessel. Physiological function of the intra-vascular thread in connection with acupuncture is discussed. Especially, this threadlike duct can be a circulation path for herb-liquid flow, which may provide the scientific mechanism for therapeutic effect of herbal acupuncture.

Biophoton Emission from Rat Liver

J.D.Kim,임재관,성백경,K-S.Soh 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.3

We measured biophoton emissions from rat livers. For the photon counting measurement, we used a photomultiplier tube and data acquisition systems contained in a dark room. Within about ve minutes after we extracted the livers from Sprague Dawley rats, the photons emitted from the samples were counted. Through simplied processes, we conrmed the well-known phenomenon that the time dependence of the number of photons per second from bio-samples shows a hyperbolic relaxation, contrary to the exponential decay seen for photons from non-bio-samples. We also discuss how to infer the spontaneous photon emission from the decay pattern under the hypothesis that biophotons originate from a coherent eld occurring within living tissues.

The Flow Path of Alcian Blue From the Acupoint BL23 to the Surface of Abdominal Organs

Hyun-Jung Han,성백경,오가이,소광섭 사단법인약침학회 2009 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.2 No.3

Two hours after Alcian Blue (AB) dye was injected at the rat acupoint BL23, the abdominal cavity was examined and AB-stained threadlike structures were observed on the right abdominal cavity. Those threadlike structures were mainly distributed on the surfaces of the duodenum, colon and cecum. These threadlike structures were thin (about 50 μm) and moved freely, and were connected to corpuscles that were about 500 × 200 μm wide and also stained with AB. On analyzing the histology of the threadlike structures, rod-shaped nuclei, bundles of collagen fibers, reticulofibers, and squamous-like epithelial cells were observed. Immune cells and some sinuses were inside the threadlike structures. These characteristics describe those of Bonghan ducts. The flow paths from the acupoint to internal organs can possibly be used as paths for drug delivery.

Argyrophilic Fibers of Intravascular Threadlike Structures in Rat

이병천,남태정,정현민,박은성,백구연,성백경,소경순,윤여성,소광섭,Lee, Byung-Cheon,Nam, Tae-Jeong,Johng, Hyeon-Min,Park, Eun-Sung,Baik, Ku-Youn,Sung, Baeck-Kyoung,Soh, Kyung-Soon,Yoon, Yeo-Sung,Soh, Kwang-Sup KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2008 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.11 No.3

Objective: We took intravascular threadlike structures from rat aortas to investigate their histological characteristics consistent with the intravascular Bonghan duct. Methods: Gomori s silver impregnation method, in addition to routine hematoxylin and eosin staining, was applied to demonstrate the characteristic feature of the intravascular threadlike structures. Results: These two staining methods clearly showed that the intravascular threadlike structures had unique features of argyrophilic reticular fibers and heavily stained oval or rod-shaped nuclei in them. Conclusion: The results are strong evidences for identifying threadlike structure as the intravascular Bonghan duct.

봉한학설에 대한 반박문헌의 타당성에 관한 고찰

이상훈 ( Sang Hun Lee ),장문희 ( Wen Ji Zhang ),소광섭 ( Kwang Sup Soh ),이병천 ( Byung Chun Lee ),성백경 ( Baek Kyung Sung ),류연희 ( Yeon Hee Ryu ) 대한경락경혈학회 2010 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.27 No.3

Background: The Bonghan theory is a hypothesis on the anatomical structure of the acupuncture point and meridian system. It has been regarded as a misunderstanding of the lymphatic system, or as a made-up story, for the past 40 years. Since 2002, Many studies have been published either to support the theory or to refute the old viewpoint. Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out the validity of the refutation by reviewing the publications. Methods: Searches were made from online databases (Riss4u.net, Google.com, Sciencedirect.com, Pubmed.com, baidu.com, and ci.nii.ac.jp) from 1960 to 2009. The search terms that were used were "Bonghan," "Bong han," "봉한," "thread-like structure," "Ким Бон Ханом," "СИСТЕМА КЕНРАК," "鳳漢," "鳳漢管," and "鳳漢學說." References from the searched publications were also used. Results: Since the 1960s, 107 publications were identified as related works, but only 11 publications sought to refute the Bonghan theory. Two publications were researches, and nine were reviews. In the analysis of the correlation of the arguments with the publication contents, it was found that the research of G. Kellner reviewed the Bonghan system properly but that V. V. Kosmatov did not classify the ear-reflex zone as a traditional acupuncture point. For the review publications, only two reviews contained proper arguments, but seven publications were identified as broad interpretations, wrong translations, etc. Moreover, the two proper reviews were grounded on the research of G. Kellner. Conclusions: We found that the scientific origin of the refutation of the Bonghan theory is only one research by G. Kellner. This result suggest that Bonghan theory was not discussed enough to determine the invention.