산란계에 대한 점등 광원 및 파장 차이에 따른 산란 특성에 관한 연구

김민지(Min Ji Kim),최희철(Hee Chul Choi),서옥석(Ok Suk Suh),채현석(Hyun Suk Chae),나재천(Jae Cheon Na),방한태(Han Tae Bang),김동욱(Dong Wook Kim),강환구(Hwan Ku Kang),박성복(Sung Bok Park) 韓國家禽學會 2010 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

The chicken eye can discriminate light color, and different light wavelengths may affect reproduction ability. This study was carried out to identify effect of monochromatic light using light emitting diode (LED) in laying hens. Chickens were exposed to white light (WL), blue light (BL), yellow light (YL), green light (GL) and red light (RL) made by using LED as well as incandescent light (IL) (control). All light sources were equalized to a light intensity of 20 lux. The results indicated that the age of first egg laying and 50 % egg laying in laying hens treated under RL is significantly younger than under other lights (P<0.05). And the ovary weight of laying hens reared under RL is significantly heavier than under other at from 16 to 20 wks (P<0.05). The largest number of eggs production was produced in a group with treated with RL by 59 wks of age compared with any other group. The egg weight of YL was greater than other treatment groups from 26 to 45 wks (P<0.05). The egg shell from hens treated with RL was the strongest and thickest at 20 wk (P<0.05). These results suggest that the egg quality of laying hens reared in different spectrum of LED can be different and RL may enhance the laying performance. 닭의 눈은 빛의 색깔을 구별할 수 있고, 빛의 다른 파장은 닭의 번식 능력에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 산란계에서 발광소자(LED)를 이용한 단색광이 산란계에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 수행되었다. 닭들은 발광소자(LED)를 이용하여 제작된 백색, 청색, 황색, 청색, 적색 전구와 대조구로써 백열전구의 점등 광원에 노출되었다. 모든 점등 광원은 빛의 세기를 20 lux로 고정하였다. 시험 결과, 산란 개시 일령과 산란 50% 도달 시기는 적색 점등 시에 다른 처리군과 비교하여 빨리 일어남이 확인되었으며, 난소 중량 또한 16주령에서 20주령까지 적색 점등 시에 다른 처리군에 비해 유의적으로 무거웠다. 또한, 59주령 기준 적색 LED 점등 광원에서 사육된 산란계의 헨하우스 산란수가 다른 처리군과 비교하여 가장 높음이 확인되었다. 황색 LED 점등 시 26주에서 45주령의 산란계에서 생산된 계란 무게는 다른 처리 점등 조건에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. 적색 LED 점등 시 20주의 산란계에서 생산된 계란의 난각 강도는 다른 처리 점등 조건에 비해 높았다. 비슷하게 적색 LED 점등 시 20주의 산란계에서 생산된 20주의 산란계에서 생산된 계란의 난각 두께는 다른 처리 점등 조건에 비해 높았다. 이와 같은 결과들은 적색 LED 점등 환경에서 사육된 산란계들은 산란 능력이 향상되고, LED를 이용한 다양한 파장의 점등은 계란 품질에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것으로 사료된다.

점등체계가 육계의 생산성과 육질특성에 미치는 영향

나재천,박성복,강환구,김동욱,김민지,방한태,채현석,최희철,서옥석,홍의철,Na, Jae Cheon,Park, Sung Bok,Kang, Hwan Ku,Kim, Dong Wook,Kim, Min Ji,Bang, Han Tae,Chae, Hyun-Seok,Choi, Hee Chul,Suh, Ok Suk,Hong, Eui Chul 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.3

본 연구는 점등 조절 방법이 육계의 생산성과 육질에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 공시계는 1일령 초생추 (Ross) 912수를 암수 구별하여 3처리 4반복 반복당 암컷 42수, 수컷 34수씩 공시하였다. 암수 모두 체중, 증체량, 사료섭취량 및 사료요구율은 유의차가 없었다 (P>0.05). 가슴육의 가열감량과 보수력은 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 전단력은 점등 처리구가 자연일조에 비해 높게 나타났다 (P<0.05). 계육의 일반성분 (수분, 조단백질, 조지방, 조회분)은 암수 모두 처리구간 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로, 점등시간을 조절해 주는 것이 육계에 스트레스를 줄이면서 생산성을 높여줄 수 있다고 사료된다. The study was carried out to investigate the effect of lighting regimes on performance and meat quality of broiler. A total of 912 chicks was divided into 2 groups with male (3 replications/group, 34 heads/replication) and female (3 replications/group, 42 heads/replication). Treatments were control (C, natural lighting), T1 treatment (24L), and T2 treatment (1~2d, 24L; 2~4d, 23L+1D; 4~16d, 16L+8D; 16~21d, 18L+6D; 21~42d, 23L+1D) by lighting regimes. There was no significantly different on body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio of male and female of broilers among treatments. There was no significantly different on cooking loss and water hold capacity of all broiler's meats among treatments. Share force of lighting regimes was higher compared to control (P<0.05). There was no significantly different on common ingredients (moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and ash) of broiler's meat. Finally, lighting regimes may decrease the stress as well as improve the growth performance and meat quality of broilers

국내 사육되는 육용오리 세 가지 계통의 생산성 및 도체 특성 비교 연구

방한태(Han-Tae Bang),나재천(Jae-Cheon Na),최희철(Hee-Chul Choi),채현석(Hyun-Seok Chae),강환구(Hwan-Ku Kang),김동욱(Dong-Wook Kim),김민지(Min-Ji Kim),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),박성복(Sung-Bok Park),최양호(Yang-Ho Choi) 韓國家禽學會 2010 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 수입종오리(PS)에서 생산된 육용오리와 농가에서 자가 생산된 육용오리 계통(F₁)의 생산성과 오리의 도체 성상 및 육질 특성을 비교 · 연구하는 것이다. 생산성에 있어서 체리밸리, 그리모, F₁이 각각 6주령 체중은 3,294g, 3,248 g, 3,217 g였고, 8주령에는 4,013 g, 3,852 g, 3,922 g으로 체리밸리가 가장 높은 체중을 보였다. 또한 각 계통의 체중 · 성장의 변화를 볼 때, 그리모는 초기 성장은 빠르나 후기 비육이 떨어지는 경향을 보이며, 이에 반하여 체리밸리와 F1은 나란한 성장을 보이고 있다. 사료 섭취량은 전 기간에 걸쳐 F1 9,935 g, 그리모 9,872 g, 체리밸리 9,584 g 순으로 높은 경향을 보였다. 사료 요구율은 체리밸리가 6주령에 1.93, 8주령에 2.42로 타 계통에 비해 전반적으로 좋은 성적을 보였다. 생산지수 값에서도 체리밸리가 6주령과 8주령에 각각 405.6, 295.9로 그리모, F1보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 도체율은 각 처리간에 유의차는 없었으나 6주령과 8주령의 복강지방 함량은 그리모가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 부분육의 도체 수율은 전 부위에서 유의차가 없었고, 주령이 증가할수록 다리의 비율은 줄어들고 가슴의 비율은 늘어나는 경향을 보였다. 시험에 사용된 세 계통 간 가슴육의 물리 · 화학적 특성에서는 각 처리 간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 모두 페킨종에서 개량된 계통이지만 육질에 관한 개량은 아직 미진한 것으로 사료된다. 전체적으로, 본 연구의 결과는 국내 환경에서 생산 성적은 체리밸리 계통이 타 계통에 비하여 좋은 경향을 보였으나, 육질에서는 계통 간에 유의적 차이는 없었다. The present experiment was carried out to compare performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality among three major meat-type duck strains in Korea. Two commercial duck (CD) strains, produced from parent stocks (PS) (Cherry Valley and Grimaud), and F1 strains, self-produced by farmers, were used in an 8-week feeding experiment. Both feed conversion ratio and production index were significantly higher in Cherry Valley strain compared with the other two at the ends of 6 and 8 weeks (p<0.05). However, no differences were found in carcass characteristics and meat quality, with the exception of abdominal fat weight where Grimaud were higher than the others. Overall, the results of the current study show that Cherry Valley CD strain had higher performance among three strains tested.

산란형 토종닭 실용계의 생산 및 산란 능력 검정

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),황보종(Jong Hwangbo) 한국가금학회 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

유전 및 육종 : 자가성감별 계통 조성을 위한 국내 토종 닭의 깃털 조만성 양상과 유전자형 빈도

손시환 ( Sea Hwan Sohn ),박단비 ( Dhan Bee Park ),송혜란 ( Hae Ran Song ),조은정 ( Eun Jung Cho ),강보석 ( Bo-seok Kang ),서옥석 ( Ok Suk Suh ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2012 한국축산학회지 Vol.54 No.4

초생추의 성 감별은 양계산업에서 대단히 중요하다. 현재 대표적인 병아리의 암수 감별 방법은 우모 발생속도에 관여하는 반성유전자를 이용하여 깃털의 형태적 차이로 성을 식별하는 방법이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 자가성감별 토종 닭 종계 개발을 위하여 국내 보유하고 있는 토종 순계를 대상으로 깃털 조만성의 분포 양상 및 이의 유전자형 빈도를 분석하고 더불어 병아리의 깃털 발생 양상에 따른 조우성과 만우성의 식별 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 발생 직후 병아리의 주부익우 형태에 따른 조만우성의 식별은 조우성의 경우 주익우가 부익우보다 현저히 길어 형태적 차이가 뚜렷하나, 만우성은 주부익우 간의 차이가 없었다. 또한 꼬리 깃 형태에 따른 조만성의 식별은 5일령 이후 조우성의 경우 꼬리 깃의 성장이 현저하게 나타나는 반면 만우성의 경우 이러한 성장이 보이지 않았다. 두 방법 공히 깃털 형태에 따른 조만우성의 구분이 가능하였고, 주부익우 형태와 꼬리 깃 성장에 의한 식별 간의 판정 일치도는 98% 정도로서 발생 직후 주부익우의 형태적 차이로 거의 모든 개체에서 조만우성의 식별이 가능한 것으로 사료된다. 공시된 품종들의 조만우성 분포 양상 및 유전자형 빈도는 토종 외래계인 흑색 코니시종, 로드아일랜드레드종 및 한국재래닭 적갈색종에서만 조우성과 만우성 개체가 혼재하여 분포하는 것으로 나타났고, 이들 모두 열성 조만성 유전자 빈도가 훨씬 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 반면 국내 토종 순계로서 갈색 코니시종, 오골계, 한국재래닭 황갈색종, 회갈색종, 백색종, 흑색종 및 백색레그혼종들은 모두 조우성만 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 국내 토종 품종을 이용하여 병아리의 깃털 성 감별이 가능함을 시사하는 것으로 만우성 모 계통과 조우성 부 계통을 조성한다면 생산되는 병아리의 깃털 형태로서 쉽게 암수 구분이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. The method of sexing based on differences in the rate of feather growth provides a convenient and inexpensive approach. The locus of feather development gene(K) is located on the Z chromosome and can be utilized to produce phenotypes that distinguish between the sexes of chicks at hatching. To establish the auto-sexing native chicken strains, this study analyzed the genotype frequency of the feathering in domestic chicken breeds. The method of classification of slow- and rapid-feathering chickens was also investigated. In the slow-feathering chicks, the coverts were either the same length or longer than the primary wing feathers at hatching. However, the rapid-feathering chicks had the primary wing feathers that were longer than the coverts. The growth pattern of tail feather also distinctively differed between the rapid- and slow-feathering chicks after 5-days. The accuracy of wing feather sexing was about 98% compared with tail sexing. In domestic chicken breeds, Korean Black Cornish, Korean Rhode Island Red, and Korean Native Chicken-Red had both dominant(K) and recessive(k+) feathering genes. The other breeds of chickens, Korean Brown Cornish, Ogol, White Leghorn, Korean Native Chicken-Yellow, -Gray, -White and -Black had only the recessive feathering gene(k+). Consequently, feather sexing is available using the domestic chicken breeds. Establishing the maternal stock with dominant gene(K-) and paternal stock with recessive gene (k+k+), the slow-feathering characteristic is passed from mothers to their sons, and the rapid-feathering characteristic is inherited by daughters from their fathers.

사료 내 황토 첨가 급여가 육계의 생산성, 혈액성상 및 계분 내 암모니아 발생량에 미치는 영향

박성복(Sung Bok Park),강환구(Hwan Ku Kang),방한태(Han Tae Bang),김민지(Min Ji Kim),최희철(Hee Chul Choi),채현석(Hyun Seok Chae),유동조(Dong Jo Yu),서옥석(Ok Suk Suh),나재천(Jae Cheon Na) 韓國家禽學會 2010 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

본 실험은 사료 내 황토 첨가 급여가 육계의 생산성 및 혈액 성상에 대해 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시하였다. 육계 Ross 초생추 360수를 선발하여 3처리구 4반복 반복당 30수씩 공시하여 5주간 실험을 실시하였다. 실험 전 기간 동안 체중 및 증체량은 T2 처리구가 T1 처리구와 대조구보다 유의적으로 개선되는 효과는 나타내었으며(P<0.05), 사료 섭취량 역시 T2 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 각 처리구간 혈액 생화학 및 혈구 분석에서는 total cholesterol은 황토 사료 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높았으며(P<0.05), triglyceride는 T1 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 각 처리구간의 백혈구, 호중구, 단핵구 및 산호성 백혈구 등에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었지만 림프구는 T2 처리구가 대조구 및 T1 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 높았으며(P<0.05), 향후 이에 대한 좀 더 깊은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 계분 내 암모니아 발생량은 각 치리구간 사이에 유의적 차이는 없었다. 결과적으로, 사료 내 황토 첨가 시 육계의 증체량 및 사료섭취량을 개선시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되며, 현재까지 국내에서는 가금을 이용한 황토 첨가물에 대한 연구가 부족함을 감안할 때 앞으로 이에 대한 좀더 깊은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of yellow loess on performance and blood component profile in broiler chickens. A total of three hundred sixty, 1 day old broiler chicks (Ross) were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates of 30 birds each. The experiment feeds were; control (basal diet), 0~10 days (basal diet with yellow loess T1 4%, T2 2%), 11~21 days (basal diet with yellow loess T1 2%, T2 1%), 22~35 days (basal diet with yellow loess T1 1%, T2 1%). The body weight and weight gain of the broilers fed T2 diet was significant higher than the T1 and control treatment (P<0.05). Feed intake was significantly higher than the control during overall period (P<0.05). Total cholesterol in all yellow loess supplemented treatments were significantly higher than the control treatment (P<0.05), and the triglyceride of broiler fed the diet containing T1 was significantly higher than the control and T2 treatment (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed on the total white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NE), monocyte (MO) and eosinophil (EO) in all yellow loess supplemented treatments compared to the control. Lymphocyte of T2 treatment was significantly higher than T1 and control treatment (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed on fecal ammonia gas emission, but broiler fed yellow loess was lower than the control treatment. Aa a result, dietary supplementation of yellow loess was improve to weight gain and feed intake of broiler.

토종오리 대형종의 육성기 능력

홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),이명지(Myeong-Ji Lee),황보 종(Jong Hwangbo),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),최희철(Hee-Cheol Choi),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim) 韓國家禽學會 2012 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.39 No.2

This work was carried out to investigate the performance of growing period of large-type Korean native ducks. A total of four hundred twenty female and male duck chicks generated from A and B strains of ducks. Groups were four crossbreds (3 replications/crossbred, 35 birds/ replication) as 2×2 factors (2 strains, A and B; 2 genders, female and male). On the body weight, male of B strains was the highest among 4 treatments after the age of 4 week (P<0.05). Body weight of B strain was higher than that of A strain at all period (P<0.05). Body weight of male was higher compared to that of female after the age of 4 week (P<0.05). On the body weight gain, male of B strain was the highest and female of A strain was the lowest among 4 treatments at 0~8, 0~12, 0~16 and 0~20 weeks (P<0.05). Body weight gain of male was higher than that of female after the age of 4 week (P<0.05). On the feed intake, male of B strain was the highest among 4 treatments from the age of 0 week and to the age of 4, 12, 16 and 20 week (P<0.05). Feed intake of male was higher than that of female at 0~12, 0~16 and 0~20 weeks (P<0.05). On the feed conversion ratio, male of B strain was the highest among other treatments 0~4 weeks and female of A strain was at 0~8 and 0~12 weeks (P<0.05). Feed intake of female was higher compared to that of female at 0~8 weeks and male was high at 0~20 weeks. These results provided the basic data on the record of growing phase of large-type Korean native ducks.

토종 실용계 생산용 2원 교배종 종계의 산란 능력 검정

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),황보종(Jong Hwangbo),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),최희철(Hee-Cheol Choi),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong) 韓國家禽學會 2012 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.39 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the performance of laying period of two-way crossbred of Korean native chickens. A total of four hundred eighty female 2-crossbred chicks that restored strains and were aboriginal at National Institute of Animal Science. Treatments were four crossbreds (4 replications/crossbred, 30 birds/replication) as A) C strain × S strain, B) C strain × H strain, C) R strain × S strain, and D) L strain × H strain, respectively. There were no significant difference on age, egg weight, and body weight at first egg among crossbreds (P>0.05). Body weight of D crossbred was lower compared to other crossbreds at the age of 24, 32, 40 and 60 week (P<0.05). Feed intake of A crossbred was highest among crossbreds (P<0.05). Weekly egg weight of A crossbred was the highest among crossbreds all laying period except 48~52 and 60~64 weeks. Hen-house egg production of A and B crossbreds was higher than that of C and D crossbreds (P<0.05). Hen-day egg production decreased after at the age of 36 weeks. Weekly egg production of A and B crossbreds was higher compared to C and D crossbreds (P<0.05). These results suggested the basic data on the record of laying period of 2- crossbreed Korean Native Chickens.

토종오리 육용종의 생산성과 도체수율

김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),황보종(Jong Hwangbo),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),박대성(Dae-Sung Park),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong) 韓國家禽學會 2012 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the growth performance and the carcass ratio of meat-type Korean Native Ducks. Four hundred twenty Korean Native Ducks' chicks were selected and divided into four treatments (7 replications/ treatment, 15 birds/replication) by strains (A and B) and gender(male and female) with 2*2 fractal factors. There was no significant difference between A and B on the body weight at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks old (P>0.05). However, body weight of female was higher at 2 weeks old than male while that of male was higher at the 8 weeks old (P<0.01). Daily feed intake of male was higher compared to female during 6~8 weeks (P<0.05). On weekly body weight gain, there was no significant difference between strains, but gained body weight of male was higher until 2 weeks old while that of female was higher during 6~8 weeks (P<0.01). On the live body weight and carcass weight by strains and genders, B strain was higher than A strains at the 8 weeks of age (P<0.01). Carcass yield was the highest at 8 weeks of age in both strains (P<0.05). These results may provided the basic data on growth performance and carcass ratio of meat-type Korean Native Ducks.

토종 실용계 생산용 2원교배 종계의 육성기 능력

강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),김학규(Hak-Kyu Kim),김종대(Chong-Dae Kim),허강녕(Kang-Nyeong Heo),추효준(Hyo-Jun Choo),황보종(Jong Hwangbo),서옥석(Ok-Suk Suh),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong) 韓國家禽學會 2012 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the performance of growing period of two-crossbred of Korean Native Chickens. A total of four hundred eighty female 2-crossbred chicks that restored strains and were aboriginal at National Institute of Animal Science. Treatments were four crossbreds (4 replications/crossbred, 30 birds/replication) as A) C strain * S strain, B) C strain * H strain, C) R strain * S strain, and D) L strain * H strain, respectively. Livability of C crossbred was the highest as over 90% and that of B crossbred was the lowest as 73~78% during growing period (P<0.05). Body weight of A crossbred was the highest at the 4 week and that of D strain was the lowest at the 4 and 8 week (P<0.05). Weekly body weight of B and C crossbreds were higher than A and D crossbreds (P<0.05). There was no significant difference among four crossbreds. Weekly feed intake of D crossbred was the highest among all crossbreds at 0~4 weeks (P<0.05). These results suggested the basic data on the record of growing phase of 2-crossbreed Korean Native Chickens.