REF/DIF S 모델을 利用한 沿岸의 波浪變化

서상태 부경대학교 2000 국내석사

리더의 자기기만이 변혁적 리더십과 팀의 창조적 역량에 미치는 영향

서상태 성균관대학교 경영전문대학원 2010 국내박사

본 연구의 목적은 리더의 자기기만이 변혁적 리더십과 조직 및 팀의 창조성 증진에 어떤 효과를 미치는 지에 관한 연구이다. 특히 효과적인 리더십과 비효과적인 리더십의 특성을 결정하는 리더십 요인으로서 리더의 자기기만(self-deception)에 주목하였다. 리더십을 비효과적으로 만드는 것은 리더의 의도보다도 리더의 행동에 대한 자각과 그 행동의 결과와 관련된다. 따라서 창조경제 기반 사회에서 효과적인 변혁적 리더십을 체계적으로 설명할 수 있는 보다 근원적인 기제에 대한 연구가 필요하여 본 연구는 크게 두 가지 차원에서 이루어졌다. 첫째, “자기기만” 현상에 주목하여 리더의 자기기만에 대한 개념을 정리하고, 리더의 자기기만이 변혁적 리더십과 조직 및 팀의 창조적 역량과의 관계에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 하였다. 제안된 연구모형을 보면 자기기만은 선행변수로서 조직 및 팀의 창조적 역량에 영향을 미치며 이 과정에서 변혁적 리더십의 매개역할을 조사하였다. 둘째는, 변혁적 리더십이 구성원의 창의적 행동과 성과에 영향을 주는 가장 중요한 요인 가운데 하나(Amabile, 1998; Jung, 2001; Mumford & Gustafson, 1988)로서, 변혁적 리더십은 부하들의 창의성과 혁신성을 증가시킨다(차동옥, 2005). 따라서 리더의 자기기만이 변혁적 리더십 발현에 미치는 부정적인 영향을 규명하고, 변혁적 리더십과 팀의 창조적 역량과의 유효성 관계를 모델 검증을 통해 명확히 하였다. 리더의 높은 자기기만 행동은 변혁적 리더십 효과성을 저하시키고 저하된 변혁적 리더십으로 인해 팀의 창조적 역량, 즉 팀 학습 행동, 팀 효능감과 심리적 안전감 그리고 구성원들의 내적 동기를 저하시킴을 규명한 것이다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자기기만 행동 및 사고 척도의 타당도와 신뢰도를 확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 리더의 자기기만 행동과 변혁적 리더십 간의 부적 상관관계를 확인하였다. 셋째, 변혁적 리더십은 팀의 창조적 역량과 강한 상관관계를 보였다. 넷째, 리더의 자기기만과 팀의 창조적 역량의 관계는 변혁적 리더십에 의해 매개되었다. 본 연구의 시사점으로는 리더의 자기기만 행동이 변혁적 리더십의 효과성을 예측하는 변수라는 것을 규명한 것이다. 창조성 기반 경제에서 조직이 경쟁우위를 갖기 위해서는 리더의 자기기만 행동을 줄임으로써 변혁적 리더십의 효과성을 증진시키고, 그로 인해 조직과 팀의 창조적 역량을 증진시킬 수 있다는 것이다. 따라서 변혁적 리더십의 효과성을 개발시키기 위해서는 리더가 자기기만으로부터 자유롭게 되어 자신과 타인에 대해 진정성을 갖고, 인간의 본원적 가치와 일치하려는 행동이 무엇보다 중요하다는 것을 논의하였다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of self-deception on transformational leadership & enhancement of organization and team creative competency. Especially, this study carefully observed self-deception of a leader as a main factor to determine characters of effective leadership or ineffective leadership. The study finds that what makes a leadership ineffective is related self-awareness on leader's behaviors and the consequence of his/her behaviors rather than his/her intention as a leader. Accordingly, in a creativity based economy, this study investigated on underlying mechanism to explain effective transformational leadership systemically, thus, the study consisted of two-dimensional researches as indicated below. First, giving attention to ‘self-deception’ phenomenon, the study identified the concept of leader’s self-deception. The study also clarified how leader’s self deception has been related with transformational leadership and team creative competency. In a suggested research model, self-deception is defined as an antecedent which influences creative competency of both organization and team. And during the process, the study investigated intervening role of transformational leadership. Second, transformational leadership, as one of the most significant factors impacting on creative behaviors of team members and performance (Amabile, 1998; Jung, 2001; Mumford & Gustafson, 1988), enhances creativity and innovation of employee (Cha dong ok, 2005). Therefore, this study clarified negative effects of leader’s self-deception on transformational leadership development. The study also identified effective relations of self-deception, transformational leadership & team creative competency through verification of model test. In addition, the study clearly states that the behavior of leaders’ self deception makes transformational leadership effectiveness lowered. By the lowered transformational leadership, the creative competency, which consists of creative environment, team learning behavior, team efficacy & psychological safety, and intrinsic motivation of the member has been influenced to fall behind. In this study, considering self deception as the significant factor of the effectiveness of transformational leadership, the findings and results of the study are addressed as follows. First, the validity and reliability of the behavior and thought of self deception were verified significantly. Second, negative relation between the leaders’ self deception and the transformational leadership was ascertained. Third, transformational leadership showed strong correlation with the team creative competency. Fourth, relationship between the self deception of the leaders and the team creative competency has been used mediated by the transformational leadership. The significant issue what the study contributes is that it clarified the leader’s self-deceptive behavior is the imperative variable to determine the effectiveness of transformational leadership. To pursuit more for an organization in creativity based economy, leader’s self deceptive behavior should be reduced to increase the effect of the transformational leadership. thus, this will develop the creative competence of both team and organization. Therefore, it is further discussed that a leader’s behavior freed from the self-deception, with authenticity to self and others which makes the leadership correspond to the origin value of human is the most significant factor.

경찰권발동요건으로서 개괄적 수권조항에 관한 연구

서상태 고려대학교 법무대학원 2007 국내석사

법치주의의 요청에 부응하면서 국민의 안전을 확보해야 하는 경찰의 임무를 효율적으로 수행하기 위한 입법기술로 고안된 것이 개괄적 수권조항이다. 본 논문에서는 개괄적 수권조항이 법치주의 원리상 허용될 수 있는 것인지를 규명하고 현행법상 개괄적 수권조항이 존재하는가에 관한 우리나라 학설과 판례를 중점적으로 검토하였다. 개괄적 수권조항은 SARS사태에서 보듯이 현대 사회의 예측불가능성, 입법기술의 한계 등을 고려할 때 그 필요성은 충분히 인정되지만, 불확정 개념과 과도한 융통성으로 인해 법적 안정성을 해치는 역기능도 있다. 이 때문에 법치주의에 반한다는 부정론도 없지 않으나, 외국의 입법례가 명문으로 허용하고 있고 불확정 개념의 사용이 이미 일반화되어 있으며, 그 개념 요소들이 학설과 판례에 의해 충분히 특정되어 사법심사의 대상이 된다는 점에서 합헌성을 긍정하는 것이 타당하다. 개괄적 수권조항이 현행법상 존재하는가에 대한 학설을 검토한 결과, 현행법상 그 존재를 인정할 수 없으므로 입법조치에 의해 해결할 수밖에 없다는 결론에 도달하였다. 즉, 경찰관직무집행법 제2조 제5호는 그 표제에서 밝히고 있듯이 임무규범이 명백하므로 이로부터 권한을 도출하는 것은 타당하지 않고 동법 제5조 제1항은 보호법익을 모두 포섭하지 못하는 한계가 있다. 또한 현행법의 규정이 갖는 한계를 인정하고 그 구조가 유사한 규정을 유추적용하자는 주장이 제기되고 있으나, 이는 법치주의를 훼손할 우려가 있고 입법자의 의사에도 부합하지 않으므로 타당하지 않다. 판례는 경찰관직무집행법 제2조 제5호를 개괄적 수권조항으로 본다는 것이 지배적 견해이나, 본 논문에서는 청원경찰에 대한 공무집행방해사건에서의 판례 태도가 이후 확고하게 지지되고 있지 않으며, 오히려 제2조의 권한규범성을 부정하는 태도를 보이고 있다는 견해를 제기하였다. 이상의 검토 결과를 바탕으로 경찰의 법집행 근거를 명확히 하기 위한 개괄적 수권조항의 입법 필요성을 역설하고, 그 입법의 방향을 제시하기 위해 개괄적 수권조항을 구성하는 개념 요소를 명확히 하고자 하였다. General Authorized Provisions are a kind of legislative technique for doing police job which is answering the purpose of constitutionalism and ensuring national security. This thesis is on finding out whether or not general authorized provisions is allowed by legalism and examining the Korean doctrines and precedents closely about whether general authorized provisions is in existing law. General authorized provisions, as SARS(severe acute respiratory syndrome) situation, are requirements when today''s unpredictability, limits of legislative skill, etc. are considered. But they have reverse functions, which could be against the legal stability because of contingent concepts and excessive adaptability. On that account, there are negative arguments that general authorized provisions are opposed to constitutional principle. However, they are allowed by foreign legislative examples, the use of contingent concepts is generalized, and they are objectives of judical review because their conceptual elements are specified by many theses and precedents. Therefore, it is proper that general authorized provisions are for a constitution. This study was examined whether general authorized provisions is in existing law. As a result, I conclude that they couldn''t be allowed by law in force, so it is necessary to enact general authorized provisions. As Police Action Law Ⅱ-5 make clear by its title, it is obvious that it is a kind of mission norm, so that it isn''t right that draw the authority from that provision. And Police Action Law Ⅴ-1 can''t include the protective benefits of the law at all. The other side, there are some arguments that we admit limits of current law and analogize the similar provisions. But it is not appropriate because analogizing is in danger of spoiling the constitutionalism and contradictory to the intention of legislators. A lot of Precedents have been considered that Police Action Law Ⅱ-5 is a kind of general authorized provisions. On the other hand, this thesis claim that the precedent about an unlawful interference with an officer which is specially detailed to protect body in the execution of his duty doesn''t support firmly, rather, that precedent deny the Police Action Law Ⅱ''s authority normative character. Therefore, this study emphasize the necessity of making general authorized provisions expressly so that clarify the bases of police enforcements, and establish the conceptual elements that consist of general authorized provisions in order to indicate the legislative direction.

우리나라에 進出한 多國籍企業에 關한 硏究 : 肥料工業을 中心으로

서상태 嶺南大學校 1983 국내석사

保險會社 敎育訓練의 問題點과 改善方案 硏究 : 損害保險會社 敎育訓練을 中心으로

서상태 成均館大學校 經營大學院 2001 국내석사

集團慰樂施設 消防安全에 관한 硏究 : 彌阿里 淪落街를 中心으로

서상태 서울시립대학교 2003 국내석사

우리나라 鐵鋼工業의 輸出擴大를 위한 戰略 : 鐵鋼材를 中心으로

서상태 啓明大學校 1982 국내석사

다공성유리 프릿을 이용한 전기삼투펌프에 관한 연구

서 상태 경북대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

The basic concept and preliminary performance results of a miniaturized electroosmotic (EO) pump with diaphragms were included in the present study. The separation of an electroosmotic pumping liquid from a drug using diaphragms is mainly to have a freedom in choosing an electroosmotic pumping liquid and to achieve the optimal drug delivery, and, preferably its precise control. We performed maximum flow rate, maximum pressure, and maximum current measurements with and without diaphragm designs. As a result, the effect of diaphragms on pump performance at the maximum condition is small. However, the presence of diaphragms does not allow indefinite continuous pumping.

Phenotypic and genetic characterization of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora strains from Asia

서상태 Kyushu University 2002 해외박사

Chapter 1 A collection of 87 strains of the soft rot pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Bcc) isolated from various host plants in Japan, Korea, and Thailand was characterized by bacteriological and pathological properties. On the basis of pathogenicity on potato, tomato, onion and cucumber, they were divided into four groups. In cluster analysis based on 26 phenotypic characters, Ecc strains were composed of two groups (A and B). Group A contained typical Ecc strains which were negative in the tests of production of reducing substances from sucrose and acids from a -methyl glycoside. All Thai strains and most of Korean strains belonged to group A, whereas group B contained atypical Ecc strains, which were isolated in Japan and Korea; the properties of this group were similar to those of E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica. The research reported here was undertaken to provide information on the strains of Ecc in Asia. Chapter 2 Eighty-seven strains of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc) isolated from various host plants in several geographic regions of Asia during different years, were characterized by their fatty acid compositions. All strains contained, in decreasing order of amount present, lauric acid (12:0), palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1 cis 9), vaccenic acid (18:1 cis 11) and one unidentified fatty acid (Un-3). Also present in some but not all strains were capric acid (10:0), myristic acid (14:0), 3-hydroxylauric acid (12:0 3-OH), stearic acid (18:0), linoleic acid (18:3 cis 9,12) and four unidentified fatty acids (Un-1, Un-2, Un-4 and Un-5). In cluster analysis based on the fatty acid composition, the Ecc strains were composed of two groups (I and II). When the strains were grouped according to their geographical origins, some relationships were found. All Korean and most of Thai stains belonged to the group II, while Japanese isolates belonged to the both groups. Chapter 3 This chapter reports on the suitability of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorpbisms (RFLP) to characterize Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc). A collection of 87 strains of the soft rot pathogen Ecc isolated from various host plants in Japan, Korea, and Thailand was characterized by genetic properties. They were characterized by PCR-RFLP of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer regions (ISRs) and a pel gene encoding pectate lyase. By analysis of 16S rDNA RFLP generated by HinfI, Ecc strains were differentiated into two groups, and most strains from Korea and Japan belonged to the same group. In the analysis of ISRs RFLP with Mbol, two patterns were found. All Thai strains showed the same pattern. In the analysis of the pel gene RFLP with Sau3AI, all strains were separated into two independent patterns except for one strain The strain (MAFF 301937) isolated from mulberry showed a unique RFLP pattern of the pel gene. Chapter 4 Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of nine bacterial strains isolated from mulberry trees (Mores sp.), which were originally described as Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc), were investigated. The results of biochemical tests suggested that the mulberry straws were divided into two different types, type 1 and type 2. Two strains of type I were similar to Ecc, whereas seven strains of type 2 were distinct from Ecc. In the analysis of TLC, differences between type I and type 2 strains were not detected A polyplasic study that included serological assay, PCR-RFLP of a pectate lyase encoding gene (pet) and RAPD-PCR was performed on the type 2 strains, and the data were compared to those of related EE carotovora subspecies. In the serological assay with two antisera of Ecc and E. carotovora subsp. atrosepica (Eca), the number of precipitin bands formed with antigens of the type 2 strains was less than ones with antigens of Ecc or Eca strains. The banding patterns of wholl-cell proteins on polyacrylamide gels showed that there were strong distinct differences between the type 2 strains and other related strains. In the RFLP analysis of the pet gene using Sau3AI, the type 2 strains showed an unique RFLP pattern. On the basis of RAPD analysis, similarity of RAPD patterns within the type 2 strains was very high. An unique RAPD fragment from the type 2 strains was isolated and used as a probe for Southern hybridization. This probe hybridized only with PCR products from the type 2 strains. Based on phenotypic, serological and genetic characteristics, the type 2 strains isolated from mulberry trees were considered to be a new group of E. carotovora subspecies. Chapter 5 The biochemical and genetic characteristics of 11 Erwinia carotovora strains from potato were compared with reference strains, E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica (Eca) and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc). On the basis of 26 phenotypic characters, four of the 11 strains showed intermediate characters between Eca and Ecc, and the rest of the strains were identified as typical members of Ecc. Current differentiation methods for Eca and Ecc are imprecise and time consuming. We have used enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR to differentiate the bacteria. Similarity of ERIC-PCR patterns within the Eca strains was very high, whereas within the Ecc group extensive genetic diversity was found. ERIC-PCR patterns of biochemically intermediate strains showed low similarity to those of Eca strains. An ERIC-PCR fragment from Eca type strain was isolated, and used as a probe for Southern hybridization. The probe hybridized only with Eca strains. One reference strain (MAFF 301296) originally described as Ecc, was identified as Eca by ERIC-PCR analysis, and the result was also confirmed by biochemical tests. ERIC-PCR analysis for differentiation of Eca and Ecc would provide a relatively fast and sensitive alternative to routinely applied biochemical tests. Chapter 6 A total of 88 strains of Erwinia carotovora subs p. carotovora (Ecc) isolated from various host plants in several geographic regions were screened for antibacterial substance production using the same strains as indicator Seventy-two of the strains produced antibacterial substances. One of the 72 strains, Barzilian strain Ecc 32, produced an antibacterial substance active against all tested Ecc strains on TSA medium. Antibacterial spectrum of the compound from Ecc 32 strain was limited to closely related species, Erwinia genus. Such a narrow spectrum of activity is typical character for bacteriocins. The compound produced by Ecc 32 strain, however, was resistant to some enzymes and detergents, and remained stable in the presence of several organic solvents. Moreover, the compound was heat stable, and active over a wide pH range. The physical characteristics of the compound were not in agreement with those of bacteriocin (carotovoricin).