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Cancer Stem Cells: Biological Features and Targeted Therapeutics
서대관,송세용 한양대학교 의과대학 2015 Hanyang Medical Reviews Vol.35 No.4
Advance in stem cells (SCs) has become significant by the isolation of the tissue-specific SCs in a tissue, because it is the beginning of using SC utility for regenerative medicine. Likewise in SCs, a small subpopulation of cancer cells, named cancer stem cells (CSCs), also have similar properties. These properties include indefinite self-renewal potential and sharing similar signaling pathways with normal SCs, because the originality of CSCs is from the mutation of normal SCs. Hierarchically, CSCs in solid tumors may organize from the normal SCs in the highest cellular hierarchy of these cancer cells. The functional assay techniques to assess the differentiation frequency of normal SCs are similarly used in CSCs to sustain tumor growth and recurrence after therapy. In this review, we discuss the different parallels between adult SCs and CSCs in solid cancer disease and applications toward targeted therapy in use of molecular level on CSCs.
Genomics in Organ Transplantation
최동호,최한솔,서대관 한양대학교 의과대학 2014 Hanyang Medical Reviews Vol.34 No.4
The understanding of genetic diversities in humans by applying the state of the art genomic technologies has been accumulated and enriched since the last decades. Even in organ transplantation, these genomic technologies have not yet been widely applied and have less impact, except Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) matching. Pre- and post-operative care including surgical techniques in organ transplantation has improved reducing morbidity and mortality, but there are limitations and obstacles due to personal diversities coming from genetic variation. For this reason, the therapy combined with genomic information would be promising and beneficial in organ transplantation and would expect to give a new paradigm in personalized medicine in the near future. In this review, we introduce Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology and summarize potential benefits of these technologies in organ transplantation.
차량용 전동 액추에이터 기어박스의 작동소음 저감을 위한 기초 연구
김찬호(Chanho Kim),서대관(Daekwan Seo),신헌철(Heoncheol Shin),이정인(JunginLee) 한국자동차공학회 2017 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2017 No.11
Recently, automotive industry is facing changes in a new trend of technology such as eco-friendly, high efficiency and autonomous driving car, and have been overcoming through substitution of internal combustion engine over electric motors. To come up with, automotive parts which are depend on internal combustion engine power has been changed into electric motors and gearbox combinations, and controlling its operating noise is getting more important to satisfy customers’ emotional needs. Through this study, the basic research about operating noise control for an automotive-applied motor driven actuator was performed by analyzing its operating noise with every steps of operating modes. As a result of analysis for each mode, noise and vibration increased at specific rpm of drive motor. As a comparison between noise source and the results of modal test of the system, operating frequency and resonance frequency of the system were overlapped. To solve this problem, several steps of design changing were performed such as changing the shape of gearbox’s cover and the shape of the rubber seal. The results of the steps were defined, and the most effective step was derived.
Simple Maturation of Direct-Converted Hepatocytes Derived from Fibroblasts
조영덕,윤상태,강교진,김요한,이승범,서대관,류기영,정재민,최동호 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2017 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.14 No.5
Target cells differentiation techniques from stem cells are developed rapidly. Recently, direct conversion techniques are introduced in various categories. Unlike pluripotent stem cells, this technique enables direct differentiation into the other cell types such as neurons, cardiomyocytes, insulin-producing cells, and hepatocytes without going through the pluripotent stage. However, the function of these converted cells reserve an immature phenotype. Therefore, we modified the culture conditions of mouse direct converted hepatocytes (miHeps) to mature fetal characteristics, such as higher AFP and lower albumin (ALB) expression than primary hepatocytes. First, we generate miHeps from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with two transcription factors HNF4a and Foxa3. These cells indicate typical epithelial morphology and express hepatic proteins. To mature hepatic function, DMSO is treated during culture time for more than 7 days. After maturation, miHeps showed features of maturation such as exhibiting typical hepatocyte-like morphology, increased up-regulated ALB and CYP enzyme gene expression, down-regulated AFP expressions, and acquired hepatic function over time. Thus, our data provides a simple method to mature direct converted hepatocytes functionally and these cells enable them to move closer to generating functional hepatocytes.