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실험적 자가면역성 뇌척수염을 유도한 마우스에서 Galectin-9의 과발현
조진희,빙소진,김아름,유학선,임윤규,신태균,최종희,지영흔,Cho, Jinhee,Bing, So Jin,Kim, Areum,Yu, Hak Sun,Lim, Yoon-Kyu,Shin, Taekyun,Choi, Jonghee,Jee, Youngheun 대한수의학회 2014 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.54 No.4
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of human multiple sclerosis (MS), reflects pathophysiologic steps in MS such as the influence of T cells and antibodies reactive to the myelin sheath, and the cytotoxic effect of cytokines. Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a member of animal lectins that plays an essential role in various biological functions. The expression of Gal-9 is significantly enhanced in MS lesions; however, its role in autoimmune disease has not been fully elucidated. To identify the role of Gal-9 in EAE, we measured changes in mRNA and protein expression of Gal-9 as EAE progressed. Expression increased with disease progression, with a sharp rise occurring at its peak. Gal-9 immunoreactivity was mainly expressed in astrocytes and microglia of the central nervous system (CNS) and macrophages of spleen. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that $Gal-9^+CD11b^+$ cells were dramatically increased in the spleen at the peak of disease. Increased expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-R1 and p-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was observed in the CNS of EAE mice, suggesting that TNF-R1 and p-JNK might be key regulators contributing to the expression of Gal-9 during EAE. These results suggest that identification of the relationship between Gal-9 and EAE progression is critical for better understanding Gal-9 biology in autoimmune disease.
방사선을 조사한 마우스에서 비장세포에 대한 톳의 보호 작용
김아름,빙소진,조진희,안긴내,이지혁,전유진,이병걸,지영흔,Kim, Areum,Bing, So Jin,Cho, Jinhee,Ahn, Ginnae,Lee, Ji-Hyeok,Jeon, You-Jin,Lee, Byung-Gul,Jee, Youngheun 대한수의학회 2015 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.55 No.1
The immune system is specifically sensitive to oxidative stress induced by ionizing radiation because of its rapid proliferative activity. For this reason, an instructive immune system is one of the best ways to minimize side effects, such immunodeficiency, of gamma radiation. Over the past few decades, several natural plants with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties have been identified as adjuncts for nontoxic and successful radiotherapy. Hizikia fusiforme extract (HFE) containing plentiful dietary fiber and fucoidan is known for its instructive antioxidant capacity, immunomodulation abilities, and immune activation. In this study, we determined whether HFE protects radiosensitive immune cells from gamma radiation-induced damage. C57BL/6 mice were irradiated with gamma-ray. The effect of HFE on the ionizing radiation damage of immune cells was then evaluated with an MTT assay, 3H-thymidine incorporation assay, and PI staining. We found that HFE stimulated the proliferation of gamma-ray irradiated immune cells without cytotoxic effects. We also observed that HFE not only decreased DNA damage but also reduced gamma radiation-induced apoptosis of the immune cells. Our results suggest that HFE can protect immune cells from gamma-ray damage and may serve as an effective, non-toxic radioprotective agent.
Emodin induces apoptosis of concanavalin A-stimulated murine splenocytes
안수빈,빙소진,조진희,Kalahe Hewage Iresha Nadeeka Madushani Herath,김아름,장현욱,지영흔 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6
Emodin, one of the major compounds in the herb Reynoutria elliptica, is known to maintain immunosuppressive, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we assessed the possibility of using emodin to induce apoptosis in stimulated immune cells in vitro. After treatment with emodin and concanavalin A (Con A), we observed DNA damage-induced apoptosis in splenocytes. Moreover, treatment with emodin and Con A increased the number of apoptotic splenocytes compared with untreated controls. Emodin also diminished the size of CD45R/B220+ cells, CD19+CD69+ cells, and cDC populations. These results indicate that emodin-induced apoptosis was involved in attenuating the immune activity promoted by DNA damage and in decreasing the number of CD45R/ B220+ B cells and CD19+CD69+ activating B cells. This demonstration of emodin inducing apoptosis of Con A-stimulated immune cells indicates its potential utility as a therapy for diseases caused by abnormally activated immune cells.
오현영,빙소진,김아름,조진희,지영흔 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2013 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.14 No.4
Our previous research on sulfated polysaccharide purified from Ecklonia cava, a brown alga found in Jeju island, Korea, showed that sulfated polysaccharides modulate the apoptotic threshold of intestinal cells, thereby preventing intestinal damage caused by ionizing radiation. In this study, we investigated the ability of sulfated polysaccharide to augment restoration of small intestinal stem cells from γ-ray-induced damage. In our results, sulfated polysaccharide treatment increased the numbers of Ki-67-positive cells as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-expressing cells in the small intestine compared with those of irradiated only mice. Meanwhile, exposure to irradiation increased the number of paneth cells, which are frequently associated with intestinal inflammation, whereas sulfated polysaccharide treatment reduced the number of paneth cells in the small intestinal crypt. Conclusively, our data suggest that reduction of iNOS-expressing cells and paneth cells in sulfated polysaccharide-treated mice contributes to the inhibition of radiation-induced intestinal inflammation.
방사선으로 인한 산화적 손상에서 phloroglucinol의 모낭 보호 효과
김아름,빙소진,조진희,전유진,이병걸,박재우,지영흔,Kim, Areum,Bing, So Jin,Cho, Jinhee,Herath, KHINM,Jeon, You-Jin,Lee, Byung-Gul,Park, Jae-Woo,Jee, Youngheun 대한수의학회 2016 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.56 No.1
When exposed to gamma-rays, hair follicular cells immediately go through apoptosis, which hampers their rapid differentiation essential for the regeneration of hair. Phloroglucinol (PG) is a phenolic compound of Ecklonia cava, brown algae abundant in Jeju island, Korea. Containing plentiful polyphenols, PG is known for its instructive effects by inhibiting apoptosis, scavenging oxygen radicals, and protecting cells against oxidative stress. In this study, we demonstrate that PG rescues radiosensitive hair follicular cells from gamma radiation-induced apoptosis and DNA damage. To identify protective capacity of PG on hair follicles, we irradiated with 8.5 Gy (1.5 Gy/min) of gamma-rays to the whole body of C57BL/6 mice at day 6 after depilation with or without PG. In mice exposed to radiation, the expression of proapoptotic molecule p53 was downregulated in the skin of PG treated group. On immunohistochemical observation of the skin, PG inhibited the immunoreactivity of p53 and cleaved caspase-3. PG treatment protected hair follicular cells from cell death due to gamma-radiation. Our results suggest that PG presents radioprotective effects by inhibiting apoptosis of radiosensitive hair follicular cells and can protect hair follicular cells from gamma-ray induced damage.
C57BL/6 마우스에서 Retroviral 벡터를 이용한 Foxp3 유전자의 도입에 의한 Foxp3 단백의 발현 양상
황인선,하단비,빙소진,전경익,안긴내,김대승,조진희,임재학,임신혁,황규계,지영흔,Hwang, Insun,Ha, Danbee,Bing, So Jin,Jeon, Kyong-Leek,Ahn, Ginnae,Kim, Dae Seung,Cho, Jinhee,Lim, Jaehak,Im, Sin-Hyeog,Hwang, Kyu-Kye,Jee, Youngheun 대한수의학회 2012 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.52 No.3
The maintenance of peripheral immune tolerance and prevention of chronic inflammation and autoimmune disease require $CD4^{+}CD25^{+}$ T cells (regulatory T cells). The transcription factor Foxp3 is essential for the development of functional, regulatory T cells, which plays a prominent role in self-tolerance. Retroviral vectors can confer high level of gene transfer and transgene expression in a variety of cell types. Here we observed that following retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer of Foxp3, transductional Foxp3 expression was increased in the liver, lung, brain, heart, muscle, spinal cord, kidney and spleen. One day after vector administration, high levels of transgene and gene expression were observed in liver and lung. At 2 days after injection, transductional Foxp3 expression level was increased in brain, heart, muscle and spinal cord, but kidney and spleen exhibited a consistent low level. This finding was inconsistent with the increase in both $CD4^{+}CD25^{+}$ T cell and $CD4^{+}Foxp3^{+}$ T cell frequencies observed in peripheral immune cells by fluorescence-activated cell-sorting (FACS) analysis. Retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer of Foxp3 did not lead to increased numbers of $CD4^{+}CD25^{+}$ T cell and $CD4^{+}Foxp3^{+}$ T cell. These results demonstrate the level and duration of transductional Foxp3 gene expression in various tissues. A better understanding of Foxp3 regulation can be useful in dissecting the cause of regulatory T cells dysfunction in several autoimmune diseases and raise the possibility of enhancing suppressive functions of regulatory T cells for therapeutic purposes.
저선량 감마선 조사 마우스의 말초면역 세포에 대한 바나듐 함유, 제주 워터의 면역 활성 효과
하단비 ( Dan Bee Ha ),김민주 ( Min Ju Kim ),주해진 ( Hae Jin Joo ),조진희 ( Jin Hee Cho ),빙소진 ( So Jin Bing ),임윤규 ( Yoon Kyu Lim ),현진원 ( Jin Won Hyun ),지영흔 ( Young Heun Jee ) 한국예방수의학회(구 한국수의공중보건학회) 2011 예방수의학회지 Vol.35 No.1
Vanadium, a dietary micronutrient, has been reported to present interesting biological and pharmacological properties, including superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging effects. Low-dose ionizing radiation (LDR) is known to damage DNA and cause apoptosis of peripheral immunocytes by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to elucidate the capacity of immune activation of Jeju water containing vanadium on immunosuppression caused by LDR. We examined the ROS production, DNA damage, cell apoptosis and proliferation of peripheral immunocytes in irradiated mice drinking different concentrations for 90 days; V0 (vanadium 0㎍/L, control), V1 (vanadium 15~20㎍/ L) and V2 (vanadium 20∼25㎍/L). Compared to V0 control where level of ROS showed tendency to increase, the ROS production was attenuated in peripheral immunocytes of irradiated mice drinking V1 and V2. DNA damage of peripheral immunocytes triggered by LDR significantly increased in mice drinking V0 compared to non-irradiated control, whereas V1 and V2 dramatically induced remission of DNA damage. On the observation of apoptosis of peripheral immunocytes, V1 and V2 showed the potency to reduce the number of apoptotic cells. On the other hand irradiated mice drinking V0 exhibited raised number of apoptotic cells. From the results obtained, we speculated that Jeju water containing vanadium (V1 and V2) has a potential role in decreasing DNA damage and apoptosis of immune cell by inhibiting ROS production. Consistent with this, Jeju water containing vanadium (V1 and V2) exhibits a capacity to enhance cell proliferation of peripheral immunocytes, which is suppressed by LDR as shown in V0 control. Collectively, Jeju water containing vanadium reduced DNA damage and apoptosis and induced the stimulatory potential on immunocytes. Theseresults suggest that Jeju water containing vanadium sustained immune activities under immunosuppression caused by LDR.