시 : 아침 이별 ( 한국해사문제연구소 , 월간 해양한국 1990 년 2 월호 , 제 197 호 )

브라우님 한국해사문제연구소 1990 (月刊)海洋韓國 Vol.197 No.-

인도의 요가 교육

브라샨트 셰티(Prashanth Shetty) 한국요가학회 2016 요가학연구 Vol.- No.16

Evolution in education is a reflection of the evolution of societies and cultures. Human empowerment is central to this approach along with the conventional approach of skill development. The Modern Education system is rooted in mat-ter-based paradigm postulating that everything is nothing but matter. This up-ward-causation model has been the hallmark of the scientific revolution. Modern education centered on bread-earning uses this scientific approach for the develop-ment of intellect and its practical applications to modern life. While sharpening of the intellect is most essential, over-sensitivity created often by this sharpening leads to big imbalances and its hazards as depression among the teenagers even. Hence, a holistic education system to meet these challenges is the need of the hour. While science also is progressing towards consciousness-based paradigm (downward causation) featured by consciousness as the original state and matter as the end product of condensed consciousness, education system also should incorporate this holistic base. India today aims to become a knowledge-based society, possibly as early as 2025 or 2030. In such societies, intellectual property is the chief basis for prosperity and R&D the chief means of developing it. New ideas are at a premium, especially those with high impact, which bring changes and improvements to many people’s lives ― the more fundamental and the greater the change, the better. 50years ago, Alvin Toffler warned the world about ‘Future Shock’ ― the individual can only tolerate so much change, and after a given threshold, begins to become unhealthy from the accumulation of stress. Hence a knowledge-based society is an instant prescription for ‘Future Shock’. Ergo: any government which fails to integrate preventive health programs to accompany economic policies to become a knowledge-based society is not taking responsible care of its citizens. Yoga is a sacrosanct word in the long historical journey of Indian heritage and culture. Yoga is a way of life which is imbibed in the Indian way of living. People have a wrong notion that it is not for the common man as it is only for the higher spiritual practices. But, in the recent past, Yoga is being explored under diverse fields’ viz., Physical Education; Science; Medicine; Psychology; Management; Philosophy; Social sciences and Spirituality. Yoga as a science of holistic living brings out total personality development at physical, mental, emotional and intellectual levels with a spiritual basis. It can bring the necessary value system, character and nation-building dimensions. “Yoga is any effort to calm the mind,” says Yoga Vasista . This calmness or peace is the core nature of the soul according to sage Patanjali . Therefore from Yogic point of view, the ideal education cannot be that which imposes the things on the students’ minds. That is why Swami Vivekananda says, “Education is the manifestation of perfection which is already inherent.” Among Upanishad’s Ishavasya Upanishad is the foremost and one among the ten important Upanishads. In three slokas 9, 10 and 11 this Upanishad deals with the topic of vidya (Knowledge) giving a distinct division of types of knowledge. The Upanishad teacher classifies knowledge as vidya and avidya which can be put in modern language as knowledge and non- knowledge. The author also indicates that avidya does not mean ignorance or mere rituals as most of the times it is translated. Both knowledge and non-knowledge have utility neglecting one and pursuing the other will not contribute to total education. To great extent present-day global problems such as the rat race, sense of dissatisfaction, unrest in the name of religion etc. which are there in spite of the increasing educational standards can be traced to not having the balance between vidya and avidya .

라자요가 명상법

브라마 쿠마리스 라자요가 센터 한국정신과학학회 1998 한국정신과학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.8 No.-

토착민과 이주민들간의 심각한 갈등

브라히마 D. 카바 세계평화교수협의회 1987 廣場 Vol.169 No.-

번역 : 하트(H. L. A. Hart)와 법이론에 있어서 해석학적 전회

브라이언빅스 ( Brian Bix ),권경휘 ( Kyung Hwi Kwon ) 영산대학교 법률연구소 2014 영산법률논총 Vol.11 No.2

영미법철학에 있어서 하트(H. L. A. Hart)의 중요한 공헌들 중 하나는 기술적인 법이론에 참여자의 관점을 도입한 것이다. “규칙의 내적 측면”과 “내적 관점”은 하트가오스틴에 의해 주장된 이전의 법실증주의를 비판하고 그 대안을 제시함에 있어서 핵심이 되었다. 이것은 법철학에 있어서 일종의 “해석학적 전회”(라고 이해될 수 있다. 이러한 “해석학적 전회(hermeneutic turn)”가 유지될 수 있는가 그리고 그것은 적절한 것인가는 최근의 법실증주의들이 현대적 자연법론과 드워킨의 해석적 접근 (interpretive approach)의 도전을 견뎌낼 수 있는가를 판단함에 있어서 핵심이 된다. 또한 해석학적 접근이 가능한가하는 것은 법에 관한 기술적인 이론이 가능한가 혹은 그것이 어느 정도 가능한가를 결정함에 있어서 매우 중요한 문제이다. 이러한 근본적인 질문에 답하기 위하여 이 논문은 하트의 이론의 전개와 이러한 접근에 대한 최근의 비판들을 다룬다. 제2장에서는 하트가 응답하고자 하였던 법과 법이론에 대한 접근들을 다룬다. 제3 장은 하트의 이론을 규칙의 내적 측면과 내적 관점을 중심으로 요약한다. 제4장은 법실증주의자인 라즈(Joseph Raz)와 자연법론자인 피니스(John Finnis)에 의하여 제안된 하트의 내적 관점에 대한 대안과 수정을 살펴본다. 제5장에서는 하트의 해석학적 전회가 어느 정도로 유지될 수 있고 지지될 수 있는가에 대한 힐(H. Hamner Hill)과 페리(Stephen Perry)의 최근의 비판적인 평가들을 고찰한다. 마지막으로 제6장에서는 법이론이 하트의 “해석학적 전회”로부터 벗어나 보다 단순한 형태의 법실증주의로 되돌아가야한다고 하는 샤우어(Frederick Schauer)의 최근의 주장에 관하여 논의 한다. One of H. L. A. Hart’ most significant contributions to Anglo-American legal philosophy was the introduction to the participant’s perspective into descriptive legal theory. The “internal aspect of rules” and the “internal point of view” were central to Hart’s critique of the earlier legal positivism of John Austin and the construction of Hart’s alternative form of legal positivism. Hart’s move can be seen as a kind of “hermeneutic turn” in legal philosophy. The extent to which this “hermeneutic turn,” on the one hand, can be sustained and, on the other hand, is appropriate, are central inquiries in determining whether currently influential forms of legal positivism can withstand the challenges of modern natural law theory and Ronald Dworkin’s interpretive approach. Additionally, the viability of a hermeneutic approach may be central to determining whether, or to what extent, a descriptive theory of law is possible. This Article will use the development of Hart’s theory, and some of the more recent critiques of that approach, as an opportunity to offer an overview of these basic questions. Part II discusses the approaches to law and legal theory to which Hart was responding. Part III summarize Hart’s theory, with emphasis on the internal aspect of rules and the internal point of view. Part IV outlines alterations and improvements on Hart’s internal viewpoint suggested by the legal positivist Joseph Raz and the natural law theorist John Finnis. Part V considers recent critical evaluations by H. Hamner Hill and Stephen Perry, challenging the extent to which Hart’s hermeneutic turn is stable and tenable. Finally, Part VI discusses Frederick Schauer’s recent proposals, which advocate the legal theory turn away, at least in part, from Hart’s “Hermeneutic turn” and go back towards a simpler form of legal positivism.

Carbazole and triphenylamine used as high hole mobility hole transporting materials for OLEDs

브라벤트,채규윤 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0

In this study, we were designed, synthesized and characterized four thermally stable hole transporting materials with carbazole and triphenylamine moieties. The designed materials were synthesized by using single step Suzuki coupling reaction with better yield percentage. The HOMO energy levels of all HTMs were noticed between -5.62 to -5.48 eV, which can facilitate an effective hole transporting pathway. Triphenylamine based HTM 2A and 2B showed better properties when compare with carbazole core based HTM 1A and 1B. HTM 2A was showed higher current efficiency of 30.6 cd/A, which is higher than that of NPB (27.9 cd/A) based similar device. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of HTM 2A was at 26.7%, which is extremely higher than other materials used in our current study. Moreover, HTM 2A based hole only device (HOD) revealed higher hole mobility of 5.3* 10^-4 ㎠ V^-1 s^-1 and which is more suitable candidate for hole transporting materials.

Serbia’s delayed transformation: Illiberal practices, external approvals and the politics of opportunity

브라니슬라브 라델리취 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 동유럽발칸연구소 2017 동유럽발칸연구 Vol.41 No.1

This article elaborates on Serbia’s problematic transformation. The incapacity of the Democratic Party-led government to tackle a whole range of issues (mostly due to malfunctioning institutions) and consolidate Serbia’s future proved detrimental in the 2012 elections. As a result, the Serbian Progressive Party came to occupy a central role on the political scene. However, the party’s electoral promises were very soon abandoned making the adopted approach look semi-authoritarian. Equally worrying has been the West’s unwillingness to criticise this trend, which has encouraged suspicion about its genuine interest in promoting democracy in Serbia as well as the wider Western Balkan region.

아시아의 고통스러운 물 문제

브라마첼라니 ( Brahma Chellaney ) 포스코경영연구원 2016 CHINDIA Plus Vol.117 No.-

중국의 지속적인 인도 영토 넘보기

브라마첼라니 포스코경영연구원 2014 CHINDIA Plus Vol.98 No.-

호주의 노인 돌봄 최근 동향

브라이오니도 한국보건사회연구원 2018 국제사회보장리뷰 Vol.7 No.-

호주 노인들은 대부분 가족의 도움과 지역사회 서비스를 받으며 지역사회에 거주한다. 호주의 노인돌봄서비스는 그 역사가 오래 됐으며 최근에는 접근성과 선택성을 높이기 위한 개혁이 단행됐다. 호주에서 돌봄 서비스는 욕구 사정을 통해 제공되며 교통, 가사 도움에서 복잡한 간호에 이르기까지 그 형태가 다양하다. 대부분의 사람들은 낮은 욕구를 충족하는 서비스는 별로 이용하지 않으며 생애 말기에 다가갈수록 서비스를 더 많이 이용하게 된다. 인구고령화로 인해 돌봄 서비스에 대한 수요가 공급을 초과하고 있다. 이 글에서는 호주의 돌봄 서비스 발전을 개관하고 오늘날의 돌봄 제도가 증가하는 호주 노인 인구의 욕구를 충분히 충족하는지 살펴 볼 것이다.