꿀벌의 생리(2)

부경생 한국양봉협회 1998 양봉협회보 Vol.208 No.-

남북과학기술용어 비교사전-분단50년 남북한 과학기술용어 이렇게 달라졌다(2)

부경생,Bu, Gyeong-Saeng 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1995 과학과 기술 Vol.28 No.3

북한의 현실에 대하여 연구하고 이해할 수 있어야 통일후에도 서로를 더 잘 알고 모두가 융화하는데 그 고통이 훨씬 덜 하리라 여겨진다. 이러한 맥락에서 북한의 농업과 농업과학에 대한 조사연구는 매우 중요하다. 북한의 농업과학전문 학술지들을 중심으로 용어들을 비교 분석해본다.

한국응용곤충학회의 첫 50년 역사

부경생,Boo, Kyung-Saeng 한국응용곤충학회 2012 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.51 No.2

The Korean Society of Applied Entomology (KSAE) celebrates its First 50 years history this year, 2011. It began in the year 1962, as the Korean Society of Plant Protection (KSPP) to discuss all aspects of plant protection including entomology and plant pathology. At that time it was one of the earliest scientific ones among agricultural societies in Korea. Before liberation from the Japanese colonial rule there were a few scientific societies for Japanese scientists only in the Korean Peninsula. It seemed that there was a single exception, in medical field, formed by and operated for Korean ethnics. Right after the liberation, Korean scientists rushed to form new scientific societies in the fields of mechanical engineering, architecture, textile, internal medicine, biology, etc. in 1945, mathematics, chemistry, metallurgy, etc. in 1946, and so on. But agricultural scientists had to wait for more time before setting up their own scientific society, Korean Agricultural Society(韓國農學會), comprising all agricultural subfields, in 1954. They had annual meetings and published their own journal every year until 1962. Then those working in the plant protection field established their own KSPP, right after their section meeting in 1962. At that time the total number of participants for KSPP were only around 50. KSPP scientists were interested in plant pathology, agricultural chemicals, weed science, or bioclimate, besides entomology. They had annual meetings once or twice a year until 1987 and published their own journal, Korean Journal of Plant Protection (KJPP), once a year at the earlier years but soon gradually increasing the frequency to four times a year later. Articles on entomology and plant pathology occupied about 40% each, but the number of oral or posters were a little bit higher on plant pathology than entomology, with the rest on nematology, agricultural chemicals, or soil microarthropods. There also had a number of symposia and special lectures. The presidentship lasted for two years and most of president served only one term, except for the first two. The current president should be $28^{th}$. In the year 1988, KSPP had to be transformed into the applied entomology society, Korean Society of Applied Entomology (KSAE), because most of plant pathologists participating left the society to set up their own one, Korean Society of Plant Pathology in 1984. Since that time the Society concentrates on entomology, basic and applied, with some notes on nematology, acarology, soil microarthropods, agricultural chemicals, etc. The Society has been hosting annual meetings at least twice a year with special lectures and symposia, from time to time, on various topics. It also hosted international symposia including binational scientific meetings twice with two different Japanese (applied entomology in 2003 and acarology in 2009) societies and the Asia-Pacific Congress of Entomology in 2005. The regular society meeting of this year, 2011, turns out to be the 43rd and this autumn non-regular meeting would be the 42nd. It has been publishing two different scientific journals, Korean Journal of Applied Entomology (KJAE) since 1988 and the Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology (JAPE) since 1998. Both journals are published 4 times a year, with articles written in Korean or English in the first, but those in English only in the latter with cooperation from the Taiwan Entomological Society and the Malaysian Plant Protection Society since 2008. It is now enlisted as one of those SCI(science citation index) extended. The highest number of topics discussed at their annual meetings was on ecology, behavior, and host resistance. But at the annual meetings jointly with the Korean Society of Entomology, members were more interested in basic aspects, instead of applied aspects, such as physiology and molecular biology fields. Among those societies related to entomology and plant protection, plant pathology, pesticide, and applied ento

남북과학기술용어 비교사전-분단50년 남북한 과학기술용어 이렇게 달라졌다(완)

부경생,Bu, Gyeong-Saeng 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1995 과학과 기술 Vol.28 No.4

북한의 현실에 대하여 연구하고 이해할 수 있어야 통일후에도 서로를 더 잘 알고 모두가 융화하는데 그 고통이 훨씬 덜하리라 여겨진다. 이러한 맥락에서 북한의 농업과 농업과학에 대한 조사 연구는 매우 중요하다. 북한의 농업과학전문 학술지들을 중심으로 용어들을 분석해본다

담배나방 성폐로몬 생합성의 조절

부경생 서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 농업개발연구소 1998 농업생명과학연구 Vol.2 No.-

The diel rhythm of sex pheromone production and release regulated by photoperiod cycle and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) was studied. The pheromonotropic activity was found in the brain and suboseophageal ganglion complex (Br-Sg) in H. assulta. H. assulta PBAN (Has-PBAN) cDNA, which is 756 nucleotides long, was identified and characterized from Br-Sg of the adults. The five components, Z9-16:Ald, 16:Ald, Z11-16:Ald, Z9-16:Ac and Z11-16:Ac, of the sex pheromone in H. assulta are mostly detected during the scotophase, with their titer peaking at the 4th hr during scotophase under a 15L/9D regime. They were not detected during the photophase, but were produced during the photoperiod when decapitated females were injected with extracts of virgin female (FHE) or male heads (MHE), homogenates of the Br-Sg, or synthetic Hez-PBAN. Production of Z9-16:Ald increased during the first 45 minutes after FHE injection and then declined to a very low level after 2 hrs during the photophase. Synthetic Hez-PBAN stimulated the sex pheromone glands for at least 2 hrs and the effect was more or less proportional to the concentration of the peptide. From the present results, we suggest the followings: PBAN is released continuously into the haemolymph to stimulate pheromone biosynthesis at least during the scotophase, PBAN is synthesized and accumulated independent of photoperiod or sex, and the release starts just prior(about 1 hr) to the beginning of scotophase. The Has-PBAN gene consist 194-amino acid sequence, deduced from this cDNA possessing several proteolytic endocleavage sites to generate multiple peptides. From the processing of the prepro-hormone, it can be predicted that the cDNA has a PBAN domain with 33 amino acids and four additional peptide domains: 24 amino acid-, 7 amino acid-, 18 amino acid- and 8 amino acid-long sequences, with FXPR(or K)L (X=G, T or S) amidated at their C-termini. A single mRNA species corresponding to the size of Has-PBAN cDNA was detected from the Br-Sg of 1- to 3-day old female and male adults, and their expression was also at a similar level. Pheromone production was induced upon injection of female or male Br-Sg extracts or synthetic PBAN into the haemocoel of decapitated 1- to 3-day old female adults during the photophase when they are not supposed to produce pheromone. From these results, H. assulta adult females seem to use their own PBAN for regulating sex pheromone biosynthesis. Functions of the four other peptides ending with FXPR(or K)L in the Has-PBAN cDNA and of the male PBAN remain to be elucidated.

성페로몬과 카이로몬을 활용한 사과해충들의 발생예찰과 방제체계 개발

부경생 서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 농업개발연구소 1997 농업생명과학연구 Vol.1 No.-

성페르몬을 이용한 배 과원내 복숭아순나방의 교미교란 방제 효과

부경생 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2001 농업생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.-

The effect of dispensers containing a 93:6:1 blend of Z8-12:Ac, E8-12:Ac, and Z8-12:OH for mating disruption of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) was tested at peare orchards in Naju for three years. The permeation of the atmosphere with synthetic sex pheromone significantly reduced the ability of male moths to locate pheromone-baited traps. Success in suppression of infestations by pheromone permeation was achieved under the dose rate of 50 g/ha, and increasing pheromone concentration above this dose did not significantly reduce the shoot and fruit damage. The trap catch was influenced by trap position in the pheromone-treated plots; significantly more moths were caught at the outer areas than at the inner areas. Also, shoot and fruit damage level in pheromone-treated plots was significantly heavier in the trees located in the outer area. However, the lower efficacy in the outer areas was partly improved by the application of a high number of dispensers at these areas compared with the inner areas. When the population of G. molesta was relatively high, inner areas. When the population of G. molesta was relatively high, mating disruption techniques resulted in significantly lower levels of fruit damage at the harvest time than that in the control plot, but the fruit damage was commercially unacceptatble. Assessment of trap catch and damage level over a three-year period showed that the effectiveness of the disruption technique for G. molesta was enhanced through sequential suppression year after year at the same site. Despite the complete elimination of miticide applications during three consecutive growing seasons, population densities of phytophagous mites in the pheromone-treated plots were low. However, the reduction of pesticide applications in pheromone-treated plots resulted in the increase of damage caused by Aphanostigma iakusuiense, Adoxophyes orana and Psylla pyricola.

진딧물 성 페로몬 성분에 대한 칠성풀잠자리붙이의 반응

부경생 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 1999 농업생명과학연구 Vol.3 No.-

Chrysopa cognata (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is the most important lacewing predator against aphids in Korea. In our research C. cognata was shown to respond to aphid sex pheromone chemicals,(-)-(1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol and (+)-(4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone, in EAG measurements and olfactory bioassay experiments. And C. cognata were attracted in trapping at a chestnut orchard, an arboretum and a college campus where insecticides were rarely sprayed. C. cognata significantly more responds to nepetalactol than to nepetalactone, which was again significantly more effective than a solvent, hexane. They were caught in traps mainly during nights, especially from 7.30PM to 1.00AM in July and August in Suwon, Korea. But trap color did not influence the trapping efficiency. The number of C. cognata caught increased with the amount of the chemicals, up to 30mg per a lure, the highest amount tested in these series of experiments. Their catch extended throughout the season, from May to October, with more numbers in July and August. For a dispenser for aphid pheromone chemicals, rubber septa were much more effective than glass vials, in terms of longevity and attractivity. Another surprising result was that only males were caught in the traps. Besides this species a few individuals of male Chrysopa Formosa and Chrysopa phyllochroma were also caught in the pheromone traps.

곤충의 호르몬과 작용

부경생 한국응용곤충학회 2001 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.40 No.2

Basically insect hormones include ecdysteroids (molting hormone), juvenile hormones, and neurohormones comprising neuropeptides and biogenic amines. This article reviewed their chemical structures and biological functions. The active molting hormone is 20-hydroxyecdysone in most insects but makisterone A in some other insects including the honey bee and several phytophagous hemipterans. Most insects use JH III, but lepidopterans JH I and II. Dipterans also use a different JH, so-called JH $B_3$(JH III bisepoxide) and we still do not know the exact chemical structure of JH utilized in hemipterans. Some other insects use methyl farnesoate or hydroxylated JH III analogues as their juvenile hormone. Most diverse pictures can be found in neurohormones (NH), especially in neuropeptides, in terms of their number and structure. There are more than 200 neuropeptides (NP), classified into more than 30 families, which structures have been identified, and more of them are expected to be reported in the near future, partly due to rapid development in molecular biological techniques and in analytical techniques. More than half of them are involved in controlling activity of visceral muscles. But function (s) of many NPs are not clarified yet, even though their amino acid sequences have been identified. It is partly due to the fact that a single NP may have multiple functions. Another interesting point is their gene structure, having many number of independent, active peptides in one gene, apparently working for similar or totally different functions. NH also includes amines, such as octopamine, dopamine, serotonin, etc. From now on, investigation will be concentrated on identifying their function (s) and receptors, and on possibilities of their utilization as control agents against pest insects.

농경방식 바꾸도록 북한을 지원하자

부경생,Bu, Gyeong-Saeng 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1998 과학과 기술 Vol.31 No.7

식량부족에 따른 북한의 기아현상을 심각하다. 우리는 우선 긴급한 식량을 북한에 원조해 주어야 하겠지만 더욱 중요한 것은 그들이 식량자급을 할 수 있도록 농업경영방식의 개선을 설득하고 협조하는 일이다. 현재 북한의 경지면적은 논과 밭의 비율만 다를 뿐 남한과 비슷하다. 북한의 식량난을 해결하기 위해서 우리는 북한에게 부족한 비료와 농약, 농기계 부속품 등의 우선 지원문제들을 다각적으로 검토해야 하겠다.