순천만 갯벌 토양의 섬유소 분해능 및 체외효소 활성

백근식,최지혁,성치남 한국미생물학회 2000 미생물학회지 Vol.36 No.2

순천만 갯벌의 3개 지점의 표층(5cm)과 심층(20 cm)토양의 물리화학적 요인과 종속영양세균의 분포, 섬유소 분해율과 체외효소의 활성을 측정하였다. 온도, 수분함량, 인산염 인 그리고 유기물함량은 각각 -1~$30^{\circ}C$, 42.1~53.1%, 0.0779~0.1961mg/g, 그리고 1.99~7.64%로 나타나었다. 섬유소 films의 분해율은 7.7%~100%/month 범위로 1~2월에 최저 그리고 8~9월에 최고의 분해율을 나타냈다. 종속영양세균의 분포는 $0.87{\times}10^6 ~ 3.6{\times}10^7 $CUFs/g dry soil의 범위에 속해Tdmu 심층의 경우 표층에 비해 낮았다. MUF-기질의 분해율로 측정한 phoshatase, $\alpha$-D-gluocosidase, $\beta$-D-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase 활성의 변화는 각각 152.23~1779.80 nMi/hr 2.67~202.18 nM/hr, 5.03~258.26 nM/hr, 3.42~63.07 nM/hr으로 모두 하계에 상대적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 섬유소 분해는 수온상승이 주된 요인이었으며, 정점간, 깊이간 큰 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 체외효소의 활성은 온도 및 섬유소 분해율과 높은 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 종속영양세균의 분포는 섬유소 분해와 체외효소의 활성과 높은 상괸은 나타나지 않았다. Decomposition rate of organic matiter in the mud flat of Sunchon Bay was estimated. Physicochemical parameters, cellulose degradation rate. distribution of heterotrophic bacteria, and extracellular enzymatic activities were measured from August 1997 to July 1998. Soil temperatures, water contents, concentration of $PO_4$-P and organic matter were -1-~$30^{\circ}C$, 42.1-53.1%, 0.0779-0.1961 mgig and 1.99-7.64%, respectively. Decomposition rate of cellulose film ranged from 7.7 to 100%imonth, high in summer and low in winter. The number of heterotrophic bacteria ranged from $0.87{\times}10^6 to 3.6{\times}10^7 $CUFsIg dq soil. Enzymatic activities of phosphatase, $\alpha$-D-gluEosidase, $\beta$-D-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase, which were measured as decomposition rate of methylumbelliferyl(MLiF)-substrate, were 152.23-1779.80 nMIhr, 2.67-202.18 nM/hr, 5.03-258.26 M h r and 3.42-63.07 nM/hr, respectively Cellulose degradaaon rate and extracellular extracellular enzymatic activities were conelated with each other, and showed high correlation coefticiency with soil temperature.

Diversity of Bacterial Community in Freshwater of Woopo Wetland

백근식,박성찬,Eun Mi Kim,배경숙,Jae-Hyung Ahn,Jong-Ok Ka,천종식,성치남 한국미생물학회 2008 The journal of microbiology Vol.46 No.6

Diversity of bacterial community in water layer of Woopo wetland was investigated. Cultivable bacterial strains were isolated by the standard dilution plating technique and culture-independent 16S rRNA gene clones were obtained directly from DNA extracts of a water sample. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) was applied onto both of the isolates and 16S rRNA gene clones. Rarefaction curves, coverage rate and diversity indices of ARDRA patterns were calculated. Representative isolates and clones of all the single isolate/clone phylotype were partially sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. Sixty-four and 125 phylotypes were obtained from 203 bacterial isolates and 235 culture-independent 16S rRNA gene clones, respectively. Bacterial isolates were composed of 4 phyla, of which Firmicutes (49.8%) and Actinobacteria (32.0%) were predominant. Isolates were affiliated with 58 species. Culture-independent 16S rRNA gene clones were composed of 8 phyla, of which Proteobacteria (62.2%), Actinobacteria (15.5%), and Bacteroidetes (13.7%) were predominant. Diversity of 16S rRNA gene clones originated from cultivation-independent DNA extracts was higher than that of isolated bacteria.

DNA 염기서열 분석에 의한 떡차의 미생물 다양성 분석

백근식(Keun-Sik Baik),성치남(Chi-Nam Seong),황영민(Yeong-Min Hwang),김기안(Gee-An Kim),이나라(Na-Ra Lee),김두운(Duwoon Kim),조정용(Jeong-Yong Cho),김선재(Seon-Jae Kim),박근형(Keun-Hyung Park),문제학(Jae-Hak Moon) 한국차학회 2012 한국차학회지 Vol.18 No.3

To determine the microbiological characteristics of ddeok cha, which is known as a Korean traditional microbial-fermented tea, bacterial and fungal communities of ddeok cha were analyzed by using a pyrosequencing method. Total genomic DNAs were extracted from ddeok cha directly. Ribosomal RNA genes were amplified and sequenced using specific primers for bacteria and fungi. A total of 12,851 reads (bacteria, 8,995; fungi, 3,586) were compared with known sequences in the database. Bacteria were assigned to five phyla, 25 families, 44 genera, and 104 species, whereas fungi were to five phyla, 41 families, 51 genera, and 69 species. Almost all of the bacteria (98.63%) were Gram-negative and members of the phylum Proteobacteria, of which the predominant genus was Pantoea (89.02%) followed by Erwinia (6.13%). Almost all of the fungi (98.86%) were acomycetes such as Dothideomycetes (60.97%) and Eurotiomycetes (31.55%). In this study, we found that microflora of ddeok cha could be distinguished from the predominant microflora (Aspergillus, Penicillium and yeast, Candida) of Pu-erh tea.

임상검체로부터 분리된 methicillin 내성 Staphylococcus aureus의 독소 및 항생제 내성

Keun Sik Baik(백근식),Gwang Seo Ki(기광서),Han Na Choe(최한나),Seong Chan Park(박성찬),Eun Cho Koh(고은초),Hyung Rak Kim(김형락),Chi Nam Seong(성치남) 한국생명과학회 2011 생명과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

2009년 7월부터 12월까지 순천 소재 한 병원에 내원한 환자의 검체로부터 methicillin 내성 Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) 75균주와 methicillin 감수성 S. aureus (MSSA) 24균주를 분리하였다. 분리균의 항생제 감수성 조사는 디스크 확산법을 사용하여 측정하였다. 분리균의 독소 유전자 보유는 multiplex PCR을 이용하여 장독소(enterotoxin; SE), 독성 쇼크 증상 독소 1(toxic shock syndrome toxin-1; TSST-1), 피부박탈성 독소(exfoliative toxin; ET) 및 백혈구 용해 독소(Panton-Valentine leukocidin; PVL) 유전자를 검출하였다. 분리된 MRSA 60개 균주는 1개 혹은 2개의 독소 유전자를 가지고 있으며, 22.7%의 균주가 seb, sec, seg, sei와 tst 유전자를 동시에 보유하고 있었으며 18.7%는 sec, seg, sei와 tst 유전자를 동시에 보유하고 있었다. 백혈구 용해독소를 암호하는 pvl 유전자는 검출되지 않았다. MRSA는 sec, seg, sei와 tst 유전자 보유에 높은 상관성을 보였다. MRSA 균주들은 erythromycin(분리균의 89%), gentamicin (70.7%), ciprofloxacin (69.3%), clindamycin (61.3%)과 tetracycline (58.7%)에 내성이 높은 반면, MSSA 균주들은 erythromycin를 제외한 다른 항생제에는 민감하였다. 독소 유전자 seb, sec와 tst는 tetracycline 내성과 높은 상관관계가 있었다. Seventy five methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains and 24 methicillin- susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) were isolated from clinical specimens obtained from a hospital in Suncheon, Jeonnam province, Korea, from July to December, 2009. Antibiotic resistance was determined using the disc diffusion method. Genes encoding enterotoxin (SE), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), exfoliative toxin (ET) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) were detected by multiplex PCR-mediated amplification using specific primers. Sixty (80%) MRSA isolates possessed either one or more toxin genes and the most common pattern that coexisted in MRSA was seb, sec, seg, sei and tst (22.7%) followed by coexistence of sec, seg, sei and tst genes (18.7%). Gene pvl encoding leukocidin was not found. Significant correlation between the production of sec, seg, sei and tst genes was found. MRSAs were resistant to erythromycin (89% of the isolates), gentamicin (70.7%), ciprofloxacin (69.3%), clindamycin (61.3%) and tetracycline (58.7%), while MSSAs were susceptible to the antibiotics with the exception of erythromycin. Toxin genes seb, sec and tst were related to the tetracycline resistance of MRSA.

Acinetobacter soli sp. nov., Isolated from Forest Soil

김두운,백근식,Mi Sun Kim,박성찬,Seon Suk Kim,이문수,곽영세,성치남 한국미생물학회 2008 The journal of microbiology Vol.46 No.4

A non-motile and rod shaped bacterium, designated strain B1^T, was isolated from forest soil at Mt. Baekwoon, Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-negative, catalase-positive, and oxidase-negative. The major fatty acids were 9-octadecenoic acid (C_18:1 ω9c; 42%) and hexadecanoic acid (C_16:0; 25.9%) and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C_15:0 2-OH and/or C_16:1 ω7c; 10.0%). The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain B1^T formed a lineage within the genus Acinetobacter and was closely related to A. baylyi DSM 14961^T (98.6% sequence similarity), followed by A. baumannii DSM 30007^T (97.4%), A. calcoaceticus DSM 30006^T (97.0%), and 3 genomic species (96.8~ 7.6%). Phenotypic characteristics, gyrB gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data distinguished strain B1T from type strains of A. baylyi, A. baumannii, and A. calcoaceticus. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain B1^T represents a novel species of the genus Acinetobacter, for which the name Acinetobacter soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B1^T (= KCTC 22184^T= JCM 15062^T).

남산 주요 식생의 토양 미생물의 분포 및 생리적 특성

성치남,백근식,김종홍,전영문,김정근 한국생태학회 1998 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.21 No.5

Physicochemical factors, microbial population size and the properties of the bacterial isolates were estimated to find out the nature of soil ecosystem of Mt. Nam. Samples were obtained from the surface layer of soils on which specific plant community is developed. Average content of moisture and organic matter of the soils were 21.6% and 17.3%, respectively. These values were similar to those of developing forest soils, but were slightly lower than those of climax ecosystem such as Piagol in Mt. Chiri. Chiri. Content of phosphate was higher than those of other forest soils. The population size of soil bacteria ranged from 27.4 to 195.8 ${\times}\;10^5$ CFU/g. duy soil, and the size is somewhat dependent on the moisture and oranic matter content of soils. A large number of bacteria were able to decompose macromolecules such as starch, elastin and gelatin. Bacterial species composition of each soil was comparatively simple. Pseudomonas, Agrobacterium, Flavobacterium and Xanthomonas which are Gram-negative short rods were widely distributed in the forest soils. The endospore forming Bacillus species were also the main constituents of the soil microflroa. Actinomycetes were widely distributed in the forest soils, but the distribution pattern varied in each site. Most of the actinomycetes were also able to decompose organic macromolecules. The rate of resistant actinomycete strains to antibiotics and heavy metals were lower than those from cultivated soils, but higher than those from well-preserved forest soils. Antibiosis pattern of the actinomycete isolates was similiar to the resistance pattern. This means the forest soils of Mt. nam was somewhat interferred by artificial behabiour.

주암호 지천의 수질과 어류군집

성치남,백근식,최지혁,조현욱,김종홍 ( Chi Nam Seong,Keum Sik Baik,Ji Hyeok Choi,Hyun Wook Cho,Jong Hong Kim ) 한국하천호수학회 1997 생태와 환경 Vol.30 No.2

Water quality and fish community in the streamlets of Juam reservoir were investigated in March, July, October and December 1997. Average value of dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand and suspended solids was 10.1, 3.9 and 5.7 mg/l, respectively. Concentration of ammonium nitrngen varied with sites. Content of ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen and phosphate-phosphorous of Site 4 where the waste water from Posung-up flows, was higher than that of any other sites. The number of collected fish species was 46 in 33 genera which belong to 12 families. Sixteen species in 13 genera were identified as Korean endemic species. Dominant species, Zacco platypus was collected in all sites. The largest number of species were collected in Site 10. Carassius auratus, Pseudorasbora parva and Z. platypus which have strong adaptablity to the environmental changes were collected in Site 4 where the species composition was simpler and the water was more polluted. Diversity and evenness indices ranged from 0.60 to 1.18 and from 0.28 to 0.75, respectively. These indices were low in the polluted sites. These results showed that water quality is related to some extent with species composition of fish.

백두산의 식생에 따른 토양 미생물의 분포 및 특성

성치남,백근식,김종홍 한국생태학회 1998 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.21 No.5

Physicochemical factors, microbial population size and the properties of the bacterial isolates were assessed to find out the nature of soil ecosystem of Mt. Paektu. Samples were obtained from the surface layer of soils on which specific plant community is developed. Average content of moisture, organic matter and avaiable phosphate of the soils were 21.6%, 17.3% and 2.48mg/100g, respectively. These values were similar to those of developing forest soils, but were slightly lower than those of climax ecosystem such as Piagol in Mt. Chiri. The population size of soil bacteria ranged from 2.7 to $202.5{\times}10^5$ CFU/g.dry soil, and the size is somewhat dependent on the content of moisture and oranic matter of the forest soil. A large number of bacteria was able to decompose macromolecules such as starch, elastin and gelatin. While the distribution rate of resistant bacteria to antibiotics was high, that to toxic chemicals was low. This means that the competition between microorgani는 predominate over the interference with artificial behaviour such as spread of pesticides in the surveyed region. Bacterial species composition of each soil was comparatively simple. Pseudomonas, Agrobacterium, Flavobacterium and Xanthomonas which are Gram-negative short rods were widely distributed in the forest soils. The endospore forming Bacillus species were also main constituents of the soil microflroa. any one of the strains was not identified as Azospirillum or Micrococcus which are known to be one of major constituents of the forest soil. for the correct identification of isolates chemotaxonomic studies will be proceeded, and the strains are to be stored in the Type collection Center.

고창·장성지역 삼림식생에 대한 식물사회학적 연구

김종홍,전영문,백근식,김원희 순천대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.9 No.-

The Forest vegetation on the Koch'ang, Changsoˇng area was analyzed on the basis of the phytosciological data, And depending on physiognomy, actual vegetation map was drawn in 1:25,000 scale. the surveyed area was classified into 11 plant communities of Pinus densiflora community, Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica community, Quercus serrata community, Quercus dentata community, Quercus acutissima community, Carpinus coreana community, Pinus thunbergii community, Pinus rigida afforestation, Cryptomeria japonica afforestation and Chamaecyparis obtusa afforestation. Afforestation of Pinus rigida, Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa showed poor vegetaton profile due to human Interferences. Apparently, P. densiflora community and mixed vegetation of Q. sp., as mainly Q. variabilis were dominated in study area.

Production, Isolation and Biological Activity of Nargenicin from Nocardia sp. CS682

송재경,성치남,백근식,박성찬,이효정,장소영,Jaya Ram Simkhada,Tokutaro Yamaguchi,유진철 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.10

Culture broth of an actinomycete isolate, Nocardia sp. CS682 showed specifically higher antibacterial activity against methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Purified substance from the organism, CS-682, which is active against MRSA and Micrococcus leuteus, is a C28H37NO8 (M+H+, observed: 516.83) and identified as an unusual macrolide antibiotic, nargenicin. The chemical structure of CS-682 was identified by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and (¹H-¹H and ¹H-13H) COSY. The anti-MRSA activity of CS-682 was stronger than that of oxacillin, vancomycin, monensin, erythromycin, and spiramycin. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain CS682 is closely related to Nocardia tenerifensis DSM 44704T (98.7% sequence similarity), followed by N. brasiliensis ATCC 19296T (98.4% sequence similarity). The ability of Nocardia sp. CS682 to produce nargenicin was unique.