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배종태(Zong-Tae Bae) 기업가정신학회 2022 기업가정신연구 Vol.3 No.2
본 연구에서는 한국의 기업가정신의 특징과 기업가정신이 발전해온 과정을 돌아보고, 시대정신에 따라 기업가정신의 특성과 현상이 어떻게 바뀌어 왔는지를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 한국의 기업가정신 정의와 이해, 한국의 기업가정신 발전과정, 한국형 기업가정신(K-Entrepreneurship) 등 세 부분으로 구성되어 있다. 첫째, 본 연구는 한국의 경제사회발전과정과 연계하여, 기업가정신을 “시대정신에 부응하여, ① 새로운 기회를 포착하여, ② 혁신과 협력, 자원 및 리스크 관리를 통해 가치를 창출하고 나누는, ③ 기업가의 도전적인 마음가짐과 행동”으로 정의하고, 일반적인 기업가정신의 특성이 한국에서 시대정신에 따라 어떻게 구현되었는지 상황적 분석을 시도하였다. 특히 기업가정신의 핵심요소로 ① 기회포착, ② 도전/열정, ③ 혁신/가치창출의 세 가지를 도출하였다. 둘째, 한국 기업가정신의 발전과정을 아직 기업가정신이 본격화되지 못했던 기업가정신 여명기(1920년대-1950년대)에 이어, ① 기업가정신 1세대 (1960년대-1980년대), ② 기업가정신 2세대 (1990년대-2000년대), ③ 기업가정신 3세대 (2010년대 이후) 등 3단계로 나누어 살펴보았다. 각 세대별로 대표적인 기업가들을 분석하였고, 사업기회의 특성도 살펴보았다 셋째, 본 연구에서는 우리나라 기업가정신 발전과정과 기업가들의 활동 특성을 바탕으로 한국형 기업가정신의 원형과 특성을 탐색해 보았다. 특히 한국형 기업가정신의 핵심요소로 ① 시대정신을 반영한 동태적 발전, ② 빠른 혁신과 실행, ③ 정부정책 지원과 연계, ④ 우수한 기업가 및 인력 등 네 가지 특성을 도출하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 한국의 기업가정신 특성을 파악하고, 우리나라 기업가정신의 발전 방향을 모색하는데도 기여할 수 있을 것이다. This study deals with the characteristics and development process of entrepreneurship in Korea and how the aspects and phenomena of entrepreneurship have changed according to the spirit of the times. This study consists of three parts: the definition and understanding of Korean entrepreneurship, the development process of Korean entrepreneurship, and the nature of K-Entrepreneurship. First, in connection with Korea's economic and social development process and the spirit of the times, this study defines entrepreneurship as “① an entrepreneur’s challenging mindset, competence, and action, ② identifying new opportunities, and ③ creating and sharing value through innovation, cooperation, resources and risk management, in the context of the spirit of the age. Three key elements of entrepreneurship were derived: ① opportunity, ② challenge, and ③ innovation/value creation. Second, the development process of entrepreneurship in Korea was analyzed. Following the embryonic period of entrepreneurship (the 1920s-1950s), when entrepreneurship was not yet fully realized, entrepreneurship in Korea has developed along three stages: ① the first generation (1960s-1980s), ② the second generation (1990s-2000s) and ③ the third generation of entrepreneurship (since 2010s). Representative entrepreneurs for each age were analyzed, and the characteristics of business opportunities were also examined. Third, this study explored the prototype and characteristics of Korean entrepreneurship (K-Entrepreneurship) based on the development process of entrepreneurship in Korea and the attributes of entrepreneurs' activities. In particular, four key elements of Korean entrepreneurship - ① dynamic development reflecting the spirit of the times, ② rapid innovation and execution, ③ strong government policy support, and ④ existence of excellent entrepreneurs and smart people. The findings of this study will contribute to understanding the characteristics of Korean entrepreneurship and seeking the development direction of Korean entrepreneurship.
배종태(Zong Tae Bae),차민석(Min Seok Cha),김영환(Young Hwan Kim),이정우(Jung Woo Lee) 한국경영학회 2012 경영학연구 Vol.41 No.1
Potential entrepreneurs study the journey of successful entrepreneurs those are highly respected. This paper provides entrepreneurial career stage model with 16 profile types. This research was conducted with in-depth case studies and content analysis of 30 successful entrepreneurs based on secondary data to derive distinctive types of entrepreneurial career role models, and the characteristics of each role model type are presented. An entrepreneur`s career process follows four stages of i) study, ii) start-up, iii) success, and iv) significance. The entrepreneurial career stage model is based on traditional career stage and venture growth stage. Role model entrepreneurs are categorized into 16 types by identifying 2 representative characteristics for each stage. The characteristics of each entrepreneurial career profile are also presented. This scheme can be helpful for potential and nascent entrepreneurs in finding their appropriate role model types and in focusing their efforts to maximize strengths and overcome weaknesses of each type. The 16 profile types of entrepreneurial career may provide a categorization of distinctive, successful entrepreneur`s career so that the policy maker and implementer design and execute more sophisticated support and infrastructure for future entrepreneurs. An entrepreneurial career stage is newly introduced in both career theory and entrepreneurship research. Career theory doesn`t have specialized career model other than traditional career. Entrepreneurship research lacks perspective of career stage. This model may shed light on different career type of careers that will emerge in the next generations.
배종태 ( Zong-tae Bae ),이종선 ( Jong-seon Lee ),구본진 ( Bonjin Koo ) 한국중소기업학회 2016 기업가정신과 벤처연구 Vol.19 No.2
Motivation and activities for technological learning, entrepreneurship, innovation, and creativity are driving forces of economic development in Asian countries. In the early stages of technological development, technological learning and entrepreneurship are efficient ways in which to catch up with advanced countries because firms can accumulate skills and knowledge quickly at relatively low risk. In the later stages of technological development, however, innovation and creativity become more impor-tant. This study aims to identify a) the factors (learning capabilities) that influence techno-logical learning performance and b) barriers to enhancing innovation capabilities for the creative economy and organizations. The major part of this study is related to learning capabilities in the post-catch-up era. Based on a literature review and observations from Korean experiences, this study proposes a technological learning model composed of various influencing factors on technological learning. Three hypotheses are derived, and data are collected from Korean machine tool manufacturers. Intense interviews with CEOs and R&D directors are conducted using structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis, such as correlation and ANOVA are then carried out. Furthermore, this study addresses how to enhance innovation capabilities to move forward. Innovation enablers and barriers are identified by case studies and policy analysis. The results of the empirical study identify several levels of firms’ learning capabilities and activities such as a) stock of technology, b) potential of technical labor, c) explicit technological efforts, d) readiness to learn, e) top management support, f) a formal technological learning system, g) high learning motivation, h) appropriate technology choice, and i) specific goal setting. These learning capabilities determine firms’ learning performance, especially in the early stages of development. Furthermore, it is found that the critical factors for successful technological learning vary along the stages of technology development. Throughout the statistical and policy analyses, this study confirms that technological learning can be understood as an intrinsic principle of the technology development process. Firms perform proactive and creative learning in the late stages, while reactive and imitative learning prevails in the early stages. In addition, this study identifies the driving forces or facilitating factors enhancing innovation performance in the post catch-up era. The results of the preliminary case studies and policy analysis show some facilitating factors such as a) the strategic intent of the CEO and corporate culture, b) leadership and change agents, c) design principles and routines, d) ecosystem and collaboration with partners, and e) intensive R&D investment.
정책연구 : 기업가정신 및 벤처경영에 관한 교육과정개발
배종태(Bae Zong Tae) 한국중소기업학회 1998 기업가정신과 벤처연구 Vol.1 No.2
Inspite of increasing importance of entrepreneurs for successful new venture creation, structured educational programs for entrepreneur development are very limited in Korea. Based on the survey of existing academic programs and interviews with entrepreneurs, this study presents a new education system for entrepreneurial management and new venture creation. Specifically, seven venture educational programs are suggested. As degree programs, i) new venture interdisciplinary program and ii) venture MBA program are presented. Also, iii) advanced venture management program, iv) venture capitalist training program, and v) potential entrepreneur training program are suggested as non-degree programs. In addition, special and supporting programs such as vi) technological entrepreneurship seminar and vii) new venture forum are explained. Finally, some examples of typical entrepreneurial management courses are presented and policy implications are suggested.