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        Isolation and Partial Characterization of Phytotoxic Mycotoxins Produced bySclerotinia sp., a Potential Bioherbicide for the Control of White Clover(Trifoliorum repens)

        홍연규,이봉춘,박성태,엄재열,정원권,배순두 한국식물병리학회 2004 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.20 No.1

        Sclerotinia sp. (isolate BWC98-105) causes stem blight and root rot in Leghum sp., and is presently being evaluated as a potential mycoherbicide for the control of Trifoliorium repens. Bioassays have shown that Sclerotinia sp. produces phytotoxic substance which is biologically active against T. repens. Two biologically active compounds, designated as compounds I and II, were produced in vitro from the culture filtrate of BWC98- 105 isolate Sclerotium sp. Compounds I and II were purified by means of liquid-liquid extraction and C18 open column chromatography (300 × 30 mm, i.d). To determine the purity, the purified compounds were analyzed by RP-HPLC. The analytical RP-HPLC column was a TOSOH ODS-120T (150 × 4.6 mm i.d, Japan), of which the flow rate was set at 0.7 mL/min using the linear gradient solvent system initiated with 15% methanol to 85% methanol for 50 min with monitoring at 254 nm. Under these RP-HPLC conditions, compounds I and II eluted at 3.49 and 4.13 min, respectively. Compound II was found to be most potent and host specific. However, compound I had a unique antibiotic activity against phytopathogenic bacteria like bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae) on rice, where it played a less important role in producing toxicity on T. repens. No toxin activity was detected in the water fraction after partitioning with several organic solvents. However, toxin activity was detected in the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions. In the leaf bioassay using compound II, the disease first appeared within 4-5 h as water soaked rot, which subsequently developed into well-defined blight affecting the whole plant.

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