FPGA Implementation of VME System Controller

배상현,이강현,Bae, Sang-Hyun,Lee, Kang-Hyeon Korea Information Processing Society 1997 정보처리논문지 Vol.4 No.11

For FA (factory automation) and ATE (automatic test equipment) in the industrial area, the standard bus needs to increase the system performance of multiprocessor environment. VME(versa module european package format) bus is appropriated to the standard bus but has features of small package and low board density. Beside, the density of board and semiconductor have grown to become significant issues that affect development time, project cost and field diagnostics. To fit this trend, in this paper, we composed Revision C.1 (IEEE std. P1014-1987) of the integrated environment for the main function such as arbitration, interrupt and interface between, VMEbus and several control modules Also the designed, VME system controller is implemented on FPGA that can be located even into slot 1. The control and function modules are coded with VHDL mid-fixed description method and then those operations are verified by simulation. As a result of experiment, we confirmed the most important that is the operation of Bus timer about Bus error signal should occur within <TE>$56{\mu}m$, and both control and function modules have the reciprocal operation correctly. Thus, the constructed VHDL library will be able to apply the system based VMEbus and ASIC design. 산업분야의 공장자동화와 자동 측정장비의 다중 프로세서 환경의 시스템 성능을 향상시키는 표준버스가 필요하다. VME 버스는 이러한 명세에 적합하지만, 소규모 패키지와 보드의 낮은 집적성 사양을 가지고 있다. 더욱이 보드와 반도체 집적성은 개발시간, 연구비용, 현장진단에 영향을 주는 중요한 문제로 대두되어 있다. 이러한 추세에 맞추어, 본 논문에서는 VME 버스와 제어기 모듈 사이의 주기능인 중재, 인터럽트, 인터페이스를 Revision C.1(IEEE std. P1014-1987)의 통합환경으로 구성하고, 설계된 VME 시스템 제어기를 Slot 1에 장착할 수 있도록 FPGA 상에 구현한다. 제어 및 기능 모듈의 동작은 VHDL의 mid-fixed 방식으로 코딩을 하고 검증하였다. 실험을 통하여 VME 시스템 제어기의 가장 중요한 동작인 버스 타이머의 버스 에러 신호가 $56{\mu}m$ 이내에 발생된 것과, 제어모듈과 기능모듈의 정확한 상호 동작도 확인하였다. 그러므로 구축된 VHDL 라이브러리는 VME 버스 기반시스템과 ASIC 설 계 에 응용할 수가 있다.

Augmented Lagrangian Dual Decomposition of Chance Constrained Stochastic Programming via the Alternating Direction Method

Sang Hyeon Bae(배상현) 대한산업공학회 2019 대한산업공학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.4

We consider a chance constrained linear programming having discrete random outcomes with finite support. We formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear problem, which is very difficult to solve. Instead of using the usual branch and cut technique, we propose a scenario decomposition technique for a chance constrained problem. Based on the augmented Lagrangian dual problem (ALD) with L¹ penalty and the alternating direction method (ADM), the algorithm iteratively explores candidate solutions until it finds near (sub)optimal one. At each iteration, this algorithm solves scenario-wise linear problems, a single row 0-1 knapsack problem and a large scale linear problem. As a usual decomposition scheme in the stochastic programming (SP) gains a computational efficiency by dividing a large scale problem into scenario-wise subproblems that can be solved in parallel, the proposed method have the same advantage. Also, we further extend this method to multistage linear chance constrained programming.

Augmented Lagrangian Dual Decomposition of Chance Constrained Stochastic Programming via the Alternating Direction Method

Sang Hyeon Bae(배상현) 한국경영과학회 2019 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.4

We consider a chance constrained linear programming having discrete random outcomes with finite support. We formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear problem, which is very difficult to solve. Instead of using the usual branch and cut technique, we propose a scenario decomposition technique for a chance constrained problem. Based on the augmented Lagrangian dual problem (ALD) with L¹ penalty and the alternating direction method (ADM), the algorithm iteratively explores candidate solutions until it finds near (sub)optimal one. At each iteration, this algorithm solves scenario-wise linear problems, a single row 0-1 knapsack problem and a large scale linear problem. As a usual decomposition scheme in the stochastic programming (SP) gains a computational efficiency by dividing a large scale problem into scenario-wise subproblems that can be solved in parallel, the proposed method have the same advantage. Also, we further extend this method to multistage linear chance constrained programming.

고려시기 진주목 지역의 사원과 불전의 조성 - 분사 남해대장도감과의 관련성을 중심으로 -

배상현 ( Bae Sang Hyeon ) 대구사학회 2003 대구사학 Vol.72 No.-

This study aimed at investigating the making of Buddhist scriptures in the Buddhist temples of the Jinjumok(晉州牧) area during the Koryo dynasty, centering around the role of an agency called the Namhae Daejangdogam(分司 南海大藏都監). Though this agency has been considered the most probable organization to engrave on woodblocks the Koryo Daejanggyong, it is supposed to be an unmistakable limit of the related studies that the engraving has not been viewed as linked to the temples of the area. The organization overlooking the Namhae Daejangdogam had a close connection with the Jinjumok. Jinju was the sigeup(食邑) of the most powerful family of the time, the Chois, and the governmental seat of the kyesugwan(界首官) that controlled the Namhae(南海) region; there were also a number of prestigious temples distributed over the area. The operation of the Namhae Daejangdogam shows the hierarchical system in which it is located: from the top, the think-tank organ of the Chois’ regime, the jinyangbu(晉陽府), to anch’alsa(按察使) of the Kyongsang province, to the Jinjumok as the kyesugwan, to the Dansoksa as temple, down through the Namhae Daejangdogam. Anch’alsa as a temporary official with special mission held the additional office of the bunsa Daejangdogam and met the needs of personal and material resources through the temples of the area. In this connection, the Buddhist believers at home(居士層) like JeungAn(鄭晏) participated as the believers and influential sponsors(檀越). This means that the work was promoted under the joint auspices of the temples and the secular. However, as the purpose of the work was the making of Buddhist scriptures, the principal promoter was naturally the temples of the area. At the time, the Dansoksa(斷俗寺) was the representative temple of the area that participated in the work. Considering the Dansoksa as the leading temple of the Jinjumok area at the time, however, it is believed that it collected and directed the required personal and material resources from other temples of the area. Until the earlier period of the Chosun dynasty, the jangyongpangak(藏經板閣) of the temple retained the wood-blocks made in the Namhae Daejangdogam. According to records, Jonggyonglok(宗鏡錄) is the most indisputable work of the Buddhist scriptures made in the Namhae Daejangdogam. It is certain, however, that there are some other works made in the agency; they include Myobeubyonhwagyong(妙法蓮華經), Geumgangbanyabaramilgyong(金剛般若波羅密經), Bulseulyesusiwangsangch’ilgyong(佛說預修十王生七經), Seunmunyeomsongjib(禪門拈頌集), Keumgangsammaegyonglon(金剛三昧經論), Daebanggwangbulhwaeumgyonghaengwonpum(大方廣佛華嚴經行願品), Jodangjib(祖堂集), Nammyongjonhwasangsongjongdogasasil(南明泉和尙頌證道歌事實), and others. Finally, it should be pointed out that the making of the scriptures in this area was connected probably with temples located distant beyond the limit of the Jinju mok. It is hoped that this phase of the matter could be examined in some other time.

사학(史學) : 송시열(宋時烈)의 예학(禮學)사상과 그 의리화(義理化)

배상현 ( Sang Hyeon Bae ) 한국사상문화학회 2008 韓國思想과 文化 Vol.42 No.-

우암은 국가 再造에 즈음하여 심성의리론을 행동철학인 예학으로 전환시켜 名分을 바르고 義理를 밝혔다. 우암의 尊華攘夷의 春秋大一統 사상은 민족의 자존과 국가의 자주의식을 앙양하여 儒敎禮俗이 지배하는 유교 문화권의 一統을 통해 平天下를 지향하는 것이었다. 그의 修養論인 直은 人道인 敬과 天道인 誠을 연계시키는 고리로 곧 克己復禮요, 天人合一이니, 퇴계의 敬의 사상 및 율곡의 誠의 사상과 결합하여 실천예학의 중심이 되었다. 이로써 우암이 정명론과 의리를 밝히는데 바탕한 강상윤리의 사회화와 直字眞訣을 통한 자기완성의 수양론은 시공을 초월해 불멸성을 갖게 되는 것이다. 우암의 예학사상은 大一統 사상과 正名論, 典據 중심 사상이 일관되어 있다. 행례에 있어서는 時宜와 합리성을 존중하였으며 國恤시에는 관행되어 온 以月易日祭의 단상을 반대하고 天下通常인 삼년상을 주장하였으며 군신간에 同腹을 주장하였다. 전례문제는 정명논쟁으로 그 이전의 理氣四七문제와 이후의 湖洛人物性同異의 문제와 더불어 같은 맥락의 철학적인 논쟁으로 당쟁을 위한 것은 아니다. 우암은 국정의 자문을 받고 정책결정에 큰 영향을 끼치면서 대의명분을 밝혀 의리를 보편화하고자 일생동안 노력하였다. 이 같은 사명 수행을 위하여 그가 건백한 것은 거의 의리를 밝히기 위한 예론으로써 북벌론을 비롯하여 효종 世室문제, 太廟 世室문제, 신덕왕후 부廟와 정릉 복구문제, 태조에 대한 시호 推崇문제, 세자 책봉 문제 등이었다. 그러나 우암은 世道를 위하여 曾朱壁立의 기상으로 闢異端에 진취하여 생사화복을 초월한 衛道정신을 발휘하다가 83세로 後命을 받아 끝을 맺고 말았다. 우암이 표방한 춘추대의는 성리학에서 추구하는 알人慾存天理를 통한 의리의 발양으로 尊主愛民과 이론적인 국제 질서하에서 문명사회를 이룩하려는 것이었다. This article deals with Song Si-Yeol(U-am)`s thought on Confucian rituals which he explored through the texts of Confucius, Mengtze and Zhu Xi, and developed into the highest virtue, realizing the principle of Justice. He particularly devoted himself to the teachings of the Cheng brothers and Zhu Xi, and compiled several books including the Commentary on the Complete Works of Zhu Xi and the Classification of the Works of the Cheng Brothers, which elucidated their thoughts, laying the foundation for future scholars. On the basis of his ideas of rituals, he conceived a ruling system which encourages the ruler to cultivate his virtues and perform rituals properly to promote the welfare of the people. The ultimate goal of his doctrine is not only to enhance the independent spirit of the nation and self esteem of the people by taking revenge on the enemy country, the Qing, but also to realize the ideal of the Spring and Autumn Annals and to establish a cultural community ruled by the Confucian ideal of ritual. The Annals advocates the ideas of respecting Chinese culture and rejecting barbarians as well as promoting the loyalty to the king. These ideas can be extended to the notion that our world can be ruled by one principle of Confucian ritual. U-am`s thought of rite is based on Zhu Xi`s Family Ritual, which he believed to be the foundation of all other books of rites. Based on the ideas of the Family Ritual, he believed the same ritual as in China should be performed in Joseon, and he tried to correct abuses. For U-am, the criterion of justice was what motivated one`s conduct: was greed or principle the motivating factor? His exploration and pursuit of propriety was not for the purpose of serving practical ethics, but the scholarship of propriety which manifests the principle of justice, realizing it. Therefore, we should reconsider any condemnation of his adherence to his beliefs as ``party politics``. While exercising his influence upon policy decisions, as a person responsible for state affairs and as an adviser to the king, he devoted himself to the general distribution of rituals all his life in order to realize the principle of justice. In the practice of his ideas, he became involved with matters like undertaking revenge of the northern enemy, the Qing; the issue of permanent preservation of the spirit tablet of Hyojong and Taejo in the royal ancestral shrine; the enshrinement of the spirit tablet of Queen Sindeok in the royal ancestral shrine and the restoration of Jeongneung, her tomb; the change of the posthumous name of Taejo and the installing of the Crown Prince. Also he investigated the wise as well as the nation`s martyrs, and spread their virtues through literature as examples of exemplary character and behavior. Although U-am was executed by the royal order due to his appeal to the king for the withdrawal of the installation of the Crown Prince, he remained the mentor of learned men in their pursue of righteousness and justice during the five hundred-year history of the Joseon dynasty. Upon the national crisis of foreign invasions at the end of the dynasty, the spirit of the Spring and Autumn Annals and the principle of justice became a mainspring of the ``righteous army`` movement and so Confucian ethics was realized after five hundred years of endeavor.

액체로켓 연소기용 Inconel 718 주조 및 단조 합금의 전자빔 용접부 미세조직 및 극저온 특성

홍현욱,배상현,권순일,이재현,도정현,최백규,김인수,조창용,Hong, Hyun-Uk,Bae, Sang-Hyun,Kwon, Soon-Il,Lee, Je-Hyun,Do, Jeong-Hyeon,Choi, Baig-Gyu,Kim, In-Soo,Jo, Chang-Yong 대한용접접합학회 2013 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.31 No.6

Characterization of microstructures and cryogenic mechanical properties of electro beam (EB) welds between cast and forged Inconel 718 superalloys has been investigated. Optimal EBW condition was found in the beam current range of 36~39 mA with the constant travel speed of 12 mm/s and arc voltage of 120 kV for 10 mm-thick specimens. Electron beam current lower than 25 mA caused to occur the liquation microfissuring in cast-side heat affected zone (HAZ) of EB welds. The HAZ liquation microfissure was found on the liquated grain boundaries with resolidified ${\gamma}/Laves$ and ${\gamma}/NbC$ eutectic constituents. EBW produced welds showing a fine dendritic structure with relatively discrete Laves phase due to fast cooling rate. After post weld aging treatment, blocky Laves phase and formation of ${\gamma}^{\prime}+{\gamma}^{{\prime}{\prime}}$ strengtheners were observed. Presence of primary strengthener and coarse Laves particles in PWHT weld may cause to reduce micro-plastic zone ahead of a crack, leading to a significant decrease in Charpy impact toughness at $-196^{\circ}C$. Fracture initiation and propagation induced by Charpy impact testing were discussed in terms of the dislocation structures ahead of crack arisen from the fractured Laves phase.

긴 지연시간을 갖는 ABR 트래픽에 대한 피드백제어 모델

오창윤,배상현,O, Chang-Yun,Bae, Sang-Hyeon 한국정보처리학회 2000 정보처리논문지 Vol.7 No.4

ATM은 패킷 데이터 서비스 통신에 적합한 통신방식으로 데이터, 음성, 영상 등의 서비스를 동시에 지원할 수 있다. 이러한 ATM의 QoS를 보증하기 위해서는 패킷 데이터를 전송하는 소스 비율에 대해 네트워크 초과적조 조건을 조절하는 것이 필요하는데 대부분의 제어알고리즘이 임계값을 기반으로 한 피드백 제어방식이다. 그러니 실시간 음성 트레픽과 같은 서비스는 네트워크 상에서 데이터 서비스 동안에 동적인 연결이 설정되고 종료될 수 있으므로 피드벡 제어정보가 지연된다면 고속으로 서비스된 음성 데이터에 대한 품질은 소스의 목적지 사이의 시간 지연으로 인해 손실될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 제시된 최소평균제곱오차에 근거를 둔 제어 알고리즘은 예시적인 피드백 제어로 피드백 제어를 위해 미지함수의 기울기와 버퍼크기를 이용하여 미래의 버퍼크기를 예측하려 하였으며 시뮬레이션 질과 본 논문에서 제시한 제어 알고리즘은 효과적임이 증명되었다. Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) can be efficiently used to transport packet data services. The switching system will support voice and packet data services simultaneously from end to end applications. To guarantee quality of service (QoS) of the offered services, source rateot send packet data is needed to control the network overload condition. Most existing control algorithms are shown to provide the threshold-based feedback control technique. However, real-time voice calls can be dynamically connected and released during data services in the network. If the feedback control information delays, quality of the serviced voice can be degraded due to a time delay between source and destination in the high speed link. An adaptive algorithm based on the optimal least mean square error technique is presented for the predictive feedback control technique. The algorithm attempts to predict a future buffer size from weight (slope) adaptation of unknown functions, which are used fro feedback control. Simulation results are presented, which show the effectiveness of the algorithm.

개방형 마이크로파 컨베이어 벨트 건조기의 요철 직사각형 도파관 차폐효과

김성연(Sung-Yeon Kim),배상현(Sang-Hyeon Bae),이왕상(Wang-Sang Lee) 한국전자파학회 2018 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.29 No.6

본 논문에서는 현재 산업현장에 많이 쓰이고 있는 개방형 컨베이어 벨트형 마이크로파 건조기의 전자파 차폐 특성에 대해 분석 및 연구를 진행하였다. 특히, 범용의 2.45 ㎓ 마그네트론을 사용한 개방형 컨베이어 벨트형 건조기의 전자기파 누설 문제를 직사각형 도파관에 요철을 적용하여 개선하였다. 본 논문은 요철을 적용한 직사각형 도파관의 감쇠 특성을 살펴보기 위해 제안된 도파관의 구조에 따른 최적 차폐특성의 모의해석을 수행하였다. 또한, 요철 직사각형 도파관을 제작하여 IEEE Std. 299 규격에 따라 차폐특성을 검증하기 위해 제안된 요철 직사각형 도파관을 갖는 실제 마이크로파 건조기 제품에 적용하였으며, 대략 30 ㏈ 이상의 차폐특성을 확인하였다. We herein analyze and study the shielding effectiveness characteristic of an open conveyor-belt-type microwave dryer that is widely used in industry. In particular, the electromagnetic wave leakage problem of the open-type conveyor belt dryer using a general-purpose 2.45-㎓ magnetron was improved by applying the corrugated rectangular waveguide. We conducted the electromagnetic simulation of the optimal shielding effectiveness characteristic with regard to the proposed waveguide structure to analyze the attenuation characteristics of the corrugated rectangular waveguide. To verify the shielding effectiveness characteristic of the fabricated corrugated rectangular waveguide by IEEE standard 299, we achieved the shielding effectiveness of more than 30 ㏈ in the practical microwave dryer with the proposed corrugated rectangular waveguide.

사계 김장생 선생의 평상의 가르침

여원구 ( Won Gu Yeo ),배상현 ( Sang Hyeon Bae ) 韓國靑少年文化學會 2007 韓國의 靑少年文化 Vol.9 No.-

자기 조직화 맵 기반 유사 검색 시스템

오창윤,임동주,오군석,배상현,O, Chang-Yun,Im, Dong-Ju,O, Gun-Seok,Bae, Sang-Hyeon 한국정보처리학회 2001 정보처리학회논문지D Vol.8 No.5

특징 기반 유사성은 멀티미디어 데이터베이스 시스템에서 중요한 연구 쟁점이 되고 있다. 멀티미디어 데이터의 특징이 멀티미디어 객체들을 구별하는데 유용하다지만 특징 벡터의 차원의 수가 증가함에 따라 종래의 다차원 데이터 구조의 성능은 떨어지는 경향이 있다. $R^{*}-Tree$는 R-Tree의 가장 성공적인 병형으로 본 논문에서 고차원 특징 벡터를 위한 새로운 인덱싱 방법으로서 자기 조직화 맵 기반 $R^{*}-Tree$를 제안한다. 자기 조직화 맵 기잔 $R^{*}-Tree$는 고차원 데이터를 좀더 스칼라화해서 탐색할 수 있도록 SOM과 $R^{*}-Tree$를 결합하여 구축한 인덱싱 기법이다. 자기 조직 맵은 고차원 특징 벡터들로부터 2차원 공간으로의 맵핑을 제공한다. 그러나 맵을 위상 특징 맵이라 하고 인접 노느에서 서로 유사한 특징 벡터들을 모아서 입력데이터의 특징 공간들 속에 유사성을 보존하는데 위상 특징 맵의 각 노드는 코드북 벡터를 가지고 있다. 실험적으로 4만개의 이미지로부터 추출된 색깔 특징 벡터들을 이용하여 자기 조직화 맵 기반 $R^{*}-Tree$의 검색시간 비용과 자기 조직화 맵과 $R^{*}-Tree$의 검색 시간 비용을 비교한다. 그 결과 $R^{*}-Tree$를 구축하는데 필요한 노드 수와 검색 시간 비용이 감소됨으로써 자기 조직화 맵 기반 $R^{*}-Tree$는 자기 조직화 맵과 $R^{*}-Tree$보다 훨씬 우수한 성능을 나타냄이 입증되었다. Feature-based similarity has become an important research issue in multimedia database systems. The features of multimedia data are useful for discriminating between multimedia objects. the performance of conventional multidimensional data structures tends to deteriorate as the number of dimensions of feature vectors increase. The $R^{*}-Tree$ is the most successful variant of the R-Tree. In this paper, we propose a SOM-based $R^{*}-Tree$ as a new indexing method for high-dimensional feature vectors. The SOM-based $R^{*}-Tree$ combines SOM and $R^{*}-Tree$ to achieve search performance more scalable to high-dimensionalties. Self-Organizingf Maps (SOMs) provide mapping from high-dimensional feature vectors onto a two-dimensional space. The map is called a topological feature map, and preserves the mutual relationships (similarity) in the feature spaces of input data, clustering mutually similar feature vectors in neighboring nodes. Each node of the topological feature map holds a codebook vector. We experimentally compare the retrieval time cost of a SOM-based $R^{*}-Tree$ with of an SOM and $R^{*}-Tree$ using color feature vectors extracted from 40,000 images. The results show that the SOM-based $R^{*}-Tree$ outperform both the SOM and $R^{*}-Tree$ due to reduction of the number of nodes to build $R^{*}-Tree$ and retrieval time cost.