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Expression of Clusterin in the Salivary Gland under Restraint Stress
박희경,전양현,홍정표,어규식,Park, Hee-Kyung,Chun, Yang-Hyun,Hong, Jung-Pyo,Auh, Q-Schick Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2008 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.33 No.3
The belief that stress leads to illness has a long history. A number of the orofacial disease are also closely associated with stress. Despite research in the relationship of stress and the orofacial diseases leading to statistically significant correlations, the pathology remains vague. In the present study, the expression of clusterin, a stress protein responsible for antiapoptosis and cytoprotection, under restraint stress condition was observed in the submandibular gland, one of the major salivary glands. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups: normal group and restraint stress group. The rats of restraint stress group were placed in the stress cages and then sacrificed at day 0, 3 and 5 day of the experiment. After that, the submandibular glands of all the rats were excised immediately. The levels of clusterin proteins and mRNA in the tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry and Northern blot analyses, respectively. The results were as follows: 1. In the immunohistochemistry, clusterin protein was detected only immediately after the application of restraint stress. 2. In the restraint stress group, at day 3 and 5, histologically apoptosis was induced with karyorrhectic and pyknotic changes. 3. By the restraint stress, acinic cells were destructed earlier than ductal cells. 4. In the Northern blot, mRNA of clusterin was expressed only immediately after the application of restraint stress. The overall results suggest that as an early response to stress, clusterin is expressed in the glands to protect the glandular cells from the stress. But if stress is so strong and prolonged that it can exceed the stress adaptability of the cells, then the cells may undergo apoptosis instead of producing clusterin. An Epidemiologic Study of Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in Korean College Students.
박희경,정규환,문석배,정성은,박귀원,Park, Hee-Kyung,Jung, Kyu-Whan,Moon, Suk-Bae,Jung, Sung-Eun,Park, Kwi-Won 대한소아외과학회 2009 소아외과 Vol.15 No.2
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been utilized for the children with end stage renal disease. Nevertheless, it is thought to promote inguinal hernia by increasing intraabdominal pressure. To investigate the clinical characteristics of inguinal hernia in children on PD, 155 cases of PD in children between January 1996 and June 2007 at Seoul National University Children's Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Inguinal hernia developed in 16 cases (10.3 %, M:F=8:8). Hernia occurrence was not correlated to age. Eleven cases (69 %) of inguinal hernia developed in first 6 months after initiation of PD. All inguinal hernias were surgically repaired. No complications occurred related to inguinal hernia or surgery. Recurrent hernia developed in 1 patient (6.3 %) of 2 cases who had PD postoperatively on the day of surgery. In conclusion, inguinal hernia developed more frequently with children on PD than general population (3.5~5 %). The rate of hernia development was highest within the first 6 months following initiation of PD. After repair of hernia, we recommend to discontinue PD immediate postoperatively to prevent recurrence.
The Application of the Forensic Dental Identification to Unidentified Individual Remains in Korea
박희경,Park, Hee-Kyung Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2006 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.31 No.1
The cases of unidentified individual remains submitted to Forensic dentistry section in National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Korea were analyzed to study the application of forensic dental identification into individual identification in the period 2002-2005. The identification cases of unidentified remains were 405 out of 493, which accounted about 82% of whole cases. The incidence of submission of skeletons at least including the skull was increased from 58% in 2002 to 80% in 2005. The numbers of cases for the full examinations were 4 times more than that for age estimation in 2005. Twenty-four cases were submitted for skull to photographic superimposition and 15 out of 24 cases were examined, and the other 9 cases were examined by DNA analysis only. The submitted cases for dental comparison were 23 cases, 9 cases were positively identified, 4 cases were possible, 7 cases were excluded, and 3 cases ended up with insufficient evidences. The proportion of positive identification by dental methods was increased gradually from 9% in 2002 to 46% in 2005. Forensic dental identification has become important and useful because the availability of dental records and radiographs has been increasing. Compared to DNA analysis, forensic dental identification has several advantages such as no needs for high cost equipments and low expenses. And the interpretation of results is straightforward and speedy. These advantages are based on using primary their own dental records of the individuals rather than secondary DNA reference samples from family members. The application of the forensic dental identification to unidentified individual remains will be increased because the dental comparison can complement the limitation of DNA analysis and skull to photographic superimposition in many cases. In order to obtain positive identifications of unidentified remains, a close collaboration between the police and forensic scientists is important. The systemic approach including legislation to preserve dental records of unidentified remains and missing persons for the identification of unidentified remains should be needed.
유량의 변화에 따른 탈산소계수 및 재폭기계수가 임계용존산소량에 주는 영향
박희경,남궁완 ( Hee Kyung Park,Wan Namkoong ) 한국물환경학회 1995 한국물환경학회지 Vol.11 No.4
Wasteload allocations(WLA) and total maximum daliy load(TMDL) determined with the lowest streaflow(e.g., 7Q10) may violate water quality standards as streamflow increases. Traditionally, streamflow increase is considered to monotonically improve the worst water quality (e.g., dissolved oxygen) which occurs at the lowest streamflow. This conventional worst case assumption might not be held because of parameter changes with streamflow increase which include increased non-point source discharges, varying decay (k₁ and reaeration (k₂ coefficients and reduced residence times. These parameter changes were hypothetically tested here to see the possible violation of the assumption. The results of this study indicate that unless the dependence of decay coefficient on streamflow is high and positive($gt;0.11), the worst case assumption will be valid in most natural channels. However, in highly regulated and polluted streams, the possibility of the violation was also observed. Since some of our major streams are well regulated for many purposes and sometimes observed highly polluted, the study results suggest that use of the lowest streamflow might be inappropriate for wasteload allocations. Rather, a trial and error approach is suggested. The approach develops wasteload allocation plans; tests them for a number of low streamflow conditions; and finds a best one. For this, computer models will be iteratively used.
국제비교를 통한 우리나라 범교과 학습 관련 교육과정 문서의 개선 방안 탐색
박희경 ( Hee Kyung Park ),최진영 ( Jin Young Choi ),이경진 ( Kyung Jin Lee ) 한국교육과정학회 2014 교육과정연구 Vol.32 No.4
본 연구는 해외 교육과정 문서에 제시된 범교과 학습의 분석을 통해 우리나라 범교과 학습 관련 교육과정 문서의 개선 방안을 탐색하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 영국, 핀란드, 캐나다 퀘벡 주, 미국의 범교과 학습 관련 교육과정 문서를 분석 대상으로 하여 해외 교육과정 문서에 나타난 범교과 학습의 의미, 주제, 그리고 교육과정 문서 제시 방식을 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 토대로 우리나라 범교과 학습 관련 교육과정 문서의 개선 방안에 대해 논의하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교육과정 문서에 범교과 학습의 의미를 명료하게 진술할 필요가 있다. 해외 교육과정은 범교과 학습이 개인 및 사회 구성원으로서의 성공적인 삶과 밀접하게 연관되는 실제적이고 유의미한 학습이어야 하며 또한 교육과정 상의 여러 교과들의 경계를 가로지르는 종합적이고 통합적인 학습이어야 함을 강조하고 있다. 우리나라 범교과 학습 역시 시대적, 사회적 요구의 반영 뿐 아니라 통합적 교육과정의 성격을 명확히 하고 이를 교육과정 문서에 명료하게 제시해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 범교과 학습의 의미에 적합하도록 범교과 학습 주제를 정련하여 교육과정 문서에 제시할 필요가 있다. 해외 교육과정에서 공통적으로 제시되고 있는 범교과 학습 주제로 공동체적 시민성, 환경 교육 및 지속 가능한 발전, 개인적 발달, 문화적 정체성 및 다양성, 건강과 안전, 그리고 미디어와 기술공학이 도출되었다. 이러한 주제들을 기반으로 우리나라 범교과 학습 주제를 정련하였다. 마지막으로, 범교과 학습과 관련된 교육과정 문서 제시 방식의 개선이 필요하다. 해외 교육과정 문서에는 범교과 학습에 대한 체계적이고 상세한 안내가 제시되고 있다. 따라서 우리나라 교육과정에서도 주제만 나열할 것이 아니라 범교과 학습이 본래의 의미를 실현할 수 있도록 교육과정 문서 제시 방식이 개선되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to investigate ways to improve the curriculum document related to cross-curricular learning in South Korea through international comparison(UK. Finland, Canada Quebec, and the U.S.). In order to do so, this study analyzed the significance of cross-curricular learning, cross-curricular themes, and the presentation of curriculum documents. Based on the results of this analysis, several implications for improving the curriculum document related to cross-curricular learning in South Korea are discussed. First, the significance of cross-curricular learning should be stated clearly by reflecting the needs of the nation and society and the nature of integrated learning. The curriculum documents related to cross-curricular learning in foreign countries emphasized the following two aspects: practical and meaningful learning to enable the students to be successful as individuals and members of society and integrated learning cross subjects. Secondly, cross-curricular themes should be refined. The cross-curricular themes commonly suggested by the curriculum documents in foreign countries were communal citizenship, environmental education and sustainable development, personal development, cultural identity and diversity, health and safety, and technology and media. Based on this result, cross-curricular themes in South Korea were refined. Finally, the presentation of curriculum documents related to cross-curricular learning should be improved, as the curriculum documents in foreign countries included detailed guidelines for cross-curricular learning.