環境汚染의 經濟的 接近과 環境保全政策

박효영 嶺南大學校 1983 국내석사

강은교 시에 나타난 ‘죽음’에 관한 연구

박효영 대진대학교 대학원 2010 국내석사

The word 'Nihilism' was associated with the poet from the day she published her first work 『Poetry on Nihilism』. Critics viewed her early works as unique and possessing a dynamic image forming force, crediting her with a new vision in the field of poetry. This research will consider and focus upon the 'consciousness about death' of Kang Eun-Kyo's poetry, which contains intense poet Kang Eun-Kyo tried to tell about the essence of our life as 'nihilism'and then took this further, even beyond the world of nihilism. Her tragic notion that life is consequently linked to death led her to sing out nihilism, continued by the cosmological perception regarding the perpetuity of life, which led her to discover the transcending consciousness of abundant life beyond nihilism. This thesis was divided into three parts about her poetic transfiguration of consciousness about death and looked in detail its poet world. In the first part, this thesis explained that reveal constant study about nihility and consciousness about death. Her poet which is illuminating the existence in the nihility, darkness, and death unravel a desperate recognition and self-consciousness. In the second part, the lightness in the inner life in person, sees the present state of a neglected existence in the end of 'death' emphasizes the beginning of birth, not ending. Here, in this part, unravel her buddihism world view and mythical goddeness on behalf of the nature as a maternity. When the limitation of time called a death is placed, the existence of life which has lost for a long time is affiliated as confirming the light of tiny breathing that is keeping in this darkness. In the third, This shows changed and expanded aspect from the matter of existence study to social historical life's in the interests and love about a tiny thing, a trifling matter, a bare thing. In dealing with a problem of our social, historical life, she doesn't assume that overcome absurdity in return for other people of struggle in the relation of distorted and communal life. She revealed our inner consciousness about death which is surged corrupt desire, awaken false consciousness stick to the present life. This is exactly his own reality consciousness, deal with the matter of communal life. Also, she begins to pay special attention to a little thing about the existence and soul. It's called 'a low things' and starts to pursuit on the meaning of existence which go into thoroughly-as it's called 'more low things'. This include too ordinary world through concrete things and matters. The ordinary world what she said grasps in a moment of the present life, means in another alive poetic space. Since work activity is not finished, it is hard to settle the firm specification. However, in light of her activities, this found out traces of other poet world in poet aspects and elborated dividing into three parts.

한국 영어 교육사의 시사

박효영 홍익대학교 교육대학원 2006 국내석사

이 논문은 우리나라의 영어 교육 과정의 변화에 대해 통사적으로 살펴보고, 우리나라에서 적용된 교수법과 영어 교수, 학습 이론에 대한 최근의 경향을 살펴 본 후 우리나라에서 영어 교육이 성공적으로 이루어 지는 데 필요한 개선 방안을 제언하는데 그 목적이 있다. 우리나라에서 영어 교육이 처음으로 시작되었을 때에는 외국의 선교사들에 의해 직접식 교수법이 도입되어 영어 교육의 성과를 높일 수 있었으나, 일제시기로 접어들면서 문법 번역식 교수법이 소개된 후 이 교수법은 우리나라 영어교육의 큰 흐름을 차지하게 되었다. 문법 번역식 교수법 이후 청화식 교수법과 인지적 교수법 등이 소개되었으나 최근 급격한 경제발달과 국가간의 교류로 인하여 의사소통 활동을 위한 말하기 듣기의 기능이 크게 강조되면서 의사소통 중심 교수법이 적용되고 있다. 학습자들의 의사소통 기능을 향상시키기 위하여 교사는 학습자들이 목표어를 사용할 수 있는 많은 기회를 제공해야 할 것이며, 교과서는 여러 가지 상황과 화제 등의 언어 기능이 포함된 개념적-기능적 교수요목을 기초로 하여 재구성되어야 할 것이다. 이러한 변화와 함께 영어권 국가들의 문화적 배경을 교수함으로써 학습자들의 의사소통 기능을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다. This paper aims to review the historical changes of English curricula in Korea, to consider English teaching methodologies in Korea and the new trends of English teaching methodologies and the theories on learning English and to propose the ways to make the English education successful for its proper purposes. When English education began in Korea at first, direct mothod was applied by foreign missionaries. Then during the Japanese colonial period, the grammar-translation method was introduced. Next, the audio-lingual method and the cognitive approach were introduced, however the English education in Korea depended mainly on the grammar-translation method. But now, on account of the rapid economic development and cultural exchange between nations, the listening and speaking skills for communication activities have been strongly emphasized expecially in the school education. The ultimate purpose of the English education is found in the need of learning an international language so that we can communicate with those who have been schooled in various institutions of higher education anywhere in the world. Therefore, in order to increase the learner's communicative competence, the teacher should give them many opportunities to use the target language. Also it must be emphasized that the textbooks used in the English classes should be reshaped on the basis of the notional-functional syllabus to include various kinds of situations, topics and transactional relationships. Much more all the language functions and the teachers should be equipped with the ability to control the classes through various kinds of activities and with more efficient and practical teaching methodologies. Through these changes, students need to further improve their communicative skills and to learn the cultural background of English-speaking countries.

Studies on the transcriptional control of the Srg3 gene expression in T-cells

박효영 서울대학교 대학원 2005 국내석사

고령자의 재취업 가능성 및 안정성에 영향을 미치는 요인 : 고령자의 이전 노동 경험 특성을 중심으로

박효영 서울대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

지적장애 학생들의 주의 집중력향상을 위한 일러스트레이션 교육 연구

박효영 국립부경대학교 교육대학원 2024 국내석사

This study attempted to investigate the research on illustration education to improve the attention of students with intellectual disabilities by conducting a pre-test using the FAIR attention test, and to investigate the change by conducting a post-test through gentangle and pop art classes. A total of 11 classes were held for gentangle and pop art classes, 1st to 4th classes for gentangle and 1st to 7th classes for pop art classes, and 1st to 4th classes were conducted to increase interest and concentration by learning about gentangle, drawing patterns, and enabling free expression. Pop art classes were held from the 1st to the 7th sessions, understanding various artists of pop art, choosing one of Keith Haring's works and filling in the edges and colors using various circular stickers. It was possible to attract the interest and concentration of students with intellectual disabilities in that it minimized the stress of drawing by working on black paper and used stickers. It was a class where students with intellectual disabilities found that they were interested in art and less burdened and stressed about drawing through classes that could increase students' concentration. However, since they are students with intellectual disabilities, the results of the pre-test and post-test were noticeably improved through the FAIR attention test, or most students did not have a positive effect, but when teaching and learning directly to students, they showed a different atmosphere and concentration from simple drawing and color-oriented classes. In addition, some students with intellectual disabilities who conducted the study had complex disabilities, and others did not completely proceed with the class they initially planned due to the lack of small muscles in their fingers. In this study, there were 11 students belonging to a special class at a general high school in Busan, and the failure to secure class time according to the academic schedule, and the satisfactory effect of conducting the FAIR attention test due to problems such as the health of special students with low immunity. As a follow-up study, if a more systematic guidance plan is conducted for general students as well as a small number of students with designated disabilities, the change in attention can be clearly seen.

Formulation and evaluation of fixed-dose combination containing finasteride and tadalafil

박효영 충북대학교 2020 국내석사

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a disease caused by an increase in the size of the prostate gland and is an appeal of lower urinary tract symptoms, collectively referred to as bladder storage symptoms (urinary frequency, nocturia) and bladder discharge disorders (hesitancy, intermittency) in men 50 and older. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is treated with 5 alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs), alpha blockers (AB), phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5 Is). For rapid relief of lower urinary tract symptoms and for the fundamental treatment of diseases combination therapy is being used. But currently developed fixed-dose combination are combination of PDE5I/AB and AB/5-ARIs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prepare fixed-dose combination tablet of finasteride and tadalafil and to evaluate physicochemical properties. To prepare fixed-dose combination containing finasteride and tadalafil, the solid dosage form, hydrophobicity of API that can affect the dissolution rate and compatibility between finasteride and tadalafil should be considered. In the pre-formulation process, compatibility test between finasteride and tadalafil, characterization of API and each reference listed drug (Proscar® 5 mg tablet, Cialis® 5 mg tablet) was performed. In the formulation studies, to solubilize APIs used solubilizers, crystallinity modification, and adsorption of drugs on SiO2 in direct compression method. Wet granulation method was proceeded to improve wettability over the direct compression method. The final formulation was determined by comparing the dissolution rate at 15 minutes, and the drug equivalence was evaluated by comparative dissolution test of the final formulation with each reference listed drug (Proscar® 5 mg tablet, Cialis® 5 mg tablet). As a result of compatibility test, both finasteride impurity A and tadalafil impurity A met the acceptance criteria. Drug release in each reference listed drug (Proscar® 5 mg tablet, Cialis® 5 mg tablet) showed immediate release profile. The solid dosage form was determined as a mono-layer tablet by two-week compatibility test between finasteride and tadalafil and reference listed drug (Proscar® 5 mg tablet, Cialis® 5 mg tablet) dissolution test. In wet granulated formulations with increased wettability, the formulation containing 3 mg of SLS per tablet was determined as the final formulation. As a result of comparative dissolution test of the final formulation and each reference listed drug (Proscar® 5 mg tablet, Cialis® 5 mg tablet), finasteride and tadalafil showed similarity factor (f2 value) above 50 in four dissolution media. Fixed-dose combination containing finasteride and tadalafil was successfully prepared with wet granulation method and addition of SLS. Prepared fixed-dose combination and each reference listed drug (Proscar® 5 mg tablet, Cialis® 5 mg tablet) were evaluated to be equivalent.

韓國人 日本語 學習者를 위한 漢字敎育에 관한 考察 : 第7次 敎育課程의 日本語 敎科書 Ⅰ를 中心으로

박효영 조선대학교 2009 국내석사

Korea has organized Japanese language as a second foreign language in the curriculum of high schools since 1973, and it is still one of the subjects in our curriculum even after 35 years have passed. As the Japanese education in the present seventh Curriculum is learner-oriented, focusing on communication, it tends to overlook the education of Chinese characters that are not thought to be involved in speaking. However, most of the learners consider kanji as the most difficult aspect of Japanese to learn. Kanji has similar structures with Chinese characters and is included in the same Chinese character zone, but as levels of learning get higher, learners give up to learn more because of the difficulty in learning kanji. To overcome this phenomenon, definite education of kanji should be provided from the beginning grade. And keeping the importance of learning kanji in mind, we should recognize that Chinese characters used in our country are different from those used in Japanese. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the kanji presented in Japanese textbook I under the 7th Curriculum to develop effective teaching directions. To achieve this, we examines the educational policies of Chinese characters in Korea and Japan. The Japanese policy is categorized into three parts as follows: Toyokanji period from 1946, the review period of Toyokanji from 1966 to 1981; and the Joyokanji period from 1981 to present. Under the Korean policy on Chinese characters, the opinion of exclusive use of Korean is opposing to that of mixed use of Korean and Chinese. To overcome the side-effect of exclusive use of Korean, our government designated sino-Korean as one of required subjects in secondary and high schools in 1971 and now the joint use of Korean and Chinese characters is being executed. Second, this study analyzed Chinese characters presented in 12 editions of Japanese textbook I and we found a mean of 258 Chinese characters and 53 common characters were introduced in them. 見, 敎, 今, 起, 金, 大, 理, 買, 木, 聞, 分, 上, 生, 書, 先, 手, 水, 時, 食, 語, 曜, 友, 元, 月, 人, 日, 前, 土, 國, 下, 何, 韓, 火, 學, 來, 氣, 讀, 圓, 好, 休, 話, 樂, 思, 高, 家, 間, 年, 會, 飮, 勉, 强, 歸, 電 As there was a difference in the number of Chinese characters in each textbook, learning effect was different according to which textbooks were used. And the characters introduced at the same point two characters were introduced as one word should be taught in words. Third, to identify the validity of the Chinese characters in Japanese textbook I, this study analyzed the rates of Chinese characters to mark, those for elementary schools in Japan, and basic Chinese characters used in Korea. The use rates of those to mark in Japanese textbooks was about 25~30%, which means few characters are actually learned in learning Japanese. The rate of Chinese characters for lower grades from Grade 1 to 3 were 70~80%. It was because Chinese characters designated as the standards for those to mark were used for education in elementary schools. Finally, when basic characters for secondary schools are compared with those of high schools, the rate of the former was a mean of 80% and the rate of the latter was about 10%. Fourth, this study presents some suggestions on effective education of Chinese characters through decrease of difficulties and errors in leaning Japanese beyond simple organization of Japanese textbook I under the seventh Curriculum. First, we focus on introduction of Chinese characters, differences in expression between Korean and kanji, Chinese characters with similar forms, different characters with same sound, simplified characters, how to teach okurigana (accompanying letters) and interesting teaching through play activities. Unfortunately, this study has some limitations. As it did not demonstrate teaching methods of Chinese characters specifically, it only suggests that ideal teaching methods should be developed with more attention paid to Chinese character education.

병렬 처리를 적용한 다관절 매니퓰레이터의 구성

박효영 朝鮮大學校 1992 국내석사

Industrial robots generally have five or six degree of freedom. But, the simple robots being used in manufacturing plants are usually below four degree of freedom, and these are proceeded by the sequential action according to the instruction or indication. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to be simple articulated manipultor so as to improve flexibility, performance and processing speed of machine's arm, articulated manipulator, which is composed of two or more joints. To achive this objective, we will propose algorithm which makes parallel processing possible according to proper division of each joint-action of articulated manipulator. We will apply it to the articulated manipulator.

지적측량시장 개방업무 개선방안 : 비용체계를 중심으로

박효영 명지대학교 산업대학원 2011 국내석사

국내 지적측량 전담대행 체제에 대해 2002년 5월 헌법불합치 판결에 따른 지적법 개정으로 2004년 1월 1일 지적측량업무의 일부가 민간에게 개방되면서 독점대행 체제에서 민간 개방의 틀로 바뀌게 되었다. 본 연구는 지적측량의 근간을 이루고 있는 법과 제도적 측면의 고찰을 바탕으로 지적측량 비용의 수수료 체계에 대한 정책적 추진경위와 그 배경에 대한 연구를 토대로 지적측량시장의 개방실태를 파악하고 시장 환경변화를 분석하여 현실적 문제에 대한 대안제시 및 개선방안을 마련하는 데 목적이 있다. 지적측량 개방업무의 이론적 분석을 위하여 지적측량 수수료의 변천과 체계 및 문제점을 분석하였으며, 장․ 단기 대응 주제와 서비스 공급업자 및 대국민 서비스 개선차원의 상생방안을 마련하였다. 수수료, 용역대가, 실비정산 세 가지 기준을 대상으로 적용 가능성 여부를 판단하였다. 지적측량 개방업무 비용체계 개선을 위해 기본 골격에 대한 전략적 접근 방안을 분석하였으며, 입찰제도에 대한 분석을 바탕으로 제한경쟁 계약제도의 도입방안을 제시하였다. 용역비용 대가 체계로의 개선을 위한 방안으로 경쟁 입찰 체계에서의 품질 확보를 위한 최저 낙찰 하한율에 의한 방법을 제시하였으며, 우리나라에 적용 가능한 실비정산 체계에 대한 도입방안에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구결과, 지적측량 존립기반의 핵심요소인 비용관련 제반법률과 소요비용의 결정요소인 수수료체계에 대한 타당성을 검증하고, 기존 정책관성의 문제점을 분석하여 개선방안을 마련하였다. 지적측량 예산의 효율적인 예측체계와 원가 구성요소에 대한 효율성 확보차원에서 지적측량 중 개방업무를 대상으로 용역대가 체계에 대하여 세부내용과 현실화 방안을 제시하였다. 또한, 지적측량 서비스체계와 품질확보를 위한 측면의 대안과 평가방법 등 고객관점에서의 비용대비 효율을 극대화할 수 있는 방안을 제시하여 지적측량 개방업무의 비용체계 개선과 합리적인 수행을 위한 타당성과 신뢰성을 확보하였다.