의안 비용추계제도 운영의 문제점 및 개선방안 : 서울시의회, 충남도의회 사례를 중심으로

박환희,박종철 한국정책개발학회 2023 정책개발연구 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the problems in the operation of the cost estimation system of local councils and to find ways to improve them. To this end, as of the end of December 2021, the Seoul Council and Chungnam Provincial Council cost estimates were analyzed in terms of objectivity and reliability, compositional form, quality and utilization. As a result of the analysis, problems and improvement plans for the operation of the cost estimation system proposed by the local council were presented. First, there are problems with objectivity and reliability of the cost estimate due to ambiguity of the appropriateness of the standard amount for preparing the cost estimate, the name of the reason for not attached No. 1, inflexibility due to a single cost estimate scenario, and the lack of deadline for preparing the cost estimate. As an improvement plan, it is suggested to change the standard amount for preparing the cost estimate, change the name of the non-attached Reason No. 1, use multiple cost estimate scenarios, and secure the deadline for preparing the cost estimate. Second, there are problems in the format of the cost estimate, such as the uniform cost estimate period (5 years), insufficient provision of summary data, and insufficient procedure for reviewing the cost estimate. As an improvement plan, it is suggested to apply a flexible cost estimating period, actively provide summary data, and review the cost estimate review procedure. Third, there are problems in terms of quality and usability of cost estimates, such as insufficient performance evaluation for cost estimation, non-utilization of cost estimation advice, non-introduction of cost estimation system, duplication of work, and difficulty in collecting cost estimation data. Improvement measures include strengthening performance evaluation, using cost estimation consulting, introducing a cost estimation system, eliminating duplication of work, strengthening data collection function, and reducing unnecessary cost estimation work. 본 연구는 지방의회의 비용추계제도 운영의 문제점을 살펴보고, 개선방안을 모색하는 것이 목적이다. 2021년 12월말 기준 서울시의회․충남도의회 비용추계서의 객관성 및 신뢰성, 구성형식, 질과 활용도 측면에서 분석하였다. 분석결과, 지방의회 의안 비용추계제도 운영상의 문제점과 개선방안을 제시하였다. 첫째, 비용추계서 작성 기준금액의 적정성 모호, 미첨부사유서 1호의 명칭 부적정, 단일한 비용추계 시나리오로 인한 경직성, 비용추계서 작성기한 부족, 물가상승 미반영 등으로 인하여 비용추계서에 대한 객관성 및 신뢰성에 문제가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 대한 개선방안으로 비용추계서 작성 기준금액 변경, 미첨부사유서 1호의 명칭변경, 복수의 비용추계 시나리오 활용, 비용추계서 작성기한 확보방안 등을 제시하였다. 둘째, 획일적인 비용추계 기간(5년), 요약자료 제공 미흡, 비용추계서 감수절차 미흡 등 비용추계서 구성형식 상의 문제가 있었다. 이에 대한 개선방안으로 탄력적인 비용추계 기간 적용, 요약자료 제공, 비용추계서 감수절차 도입 등의 개선방안을 제시한다. 셋째, 비용추계에 대한 성과평가 미흡, 비용추계 자문 미활용, 비용추계시스템 미도입, 업무 중복, 비용추계 자료수집의 어려움 등 비용추계서의 질과 활용도 측면의 문제점이 나타났다. 이에 대한 개선방안으로 성과평가 강화, 비용추계 자문 활용, 비용추계시스템 도입, 업무중복 해소, 자료수집 기능강화, 불필요한 비용추계업무량 감소방안 등을 제시하였다.

Mercantile Experience and Spirituality in The Book of Marge Kempe

박환희 새한영어영문학회 2009 새한영어영문학 Vol.51 No.2

This paper argues that The Book of Margery Kempe describes Margery Kempe's progress from self-centered mercantile consciousness to widespread spirituality. Whereas critics focus on the strong influence that Margery's experience in the lay economy had over her spirituality, Margery's way of distributing her spirituality goes beyond the limits imposed by her mercantile consciousness. Although she must rely on the language and concepts of merchant community in order to understand the religious visions she encounters, she is also aware of the sinful nature of her merchant past. Thus she overcomes the self-centered production and consumption of her earlier days and shares her spiritual experience with many others' profit. Her definition of the relationship with Christ and her treatment of the holy visions can be seen as economics in the field of spirituality and religion. Margery's way of translating her visions ensures easy access for those that witness her tears and listen to her speech. Her decision to have the Book written is not motivated by her desire for authority; by transcribing her experience in written text, Margery produces a format that can be circulated more widely than her speech and thereby give benefit to more people for longer periods of time. As such, The Book of Margery Kempe describes Margery's pursuit of spirituality and transcendence of self-centered accumulation.

호흡부전을 동반한 뇌실주위 이소증 환자의 FLNA 유전자 돌연변이 1예

박환희,박민승,기창석,조중범,이지훈,김지현,안강모 대한 소아알레르기 호흡기학회 2019 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.7 No.3

Filamin A is an actin-binding protein and, in humans, is encoded by FLNA gene in the long arm of X chromosome. Filamin A plays a role in the formation of cytoskeleton by crosslinking actin filaments in cytoplasm. FLNA mutations affect cytoskeletal regulatory processes and cellular migrating abnormalities that result in periventricular heterotopia. A 5-month-old girl was hospitalized because of breathing difficulty and was diagnosed as having periventricular heterotopia with laryngomalacia, cricopharyngeal incoordination, pulmonary hypertension, and chronic lung disease. A genetic test was performed to find the cause of periventricular heterotopia, and FLNA gene mutation (c.5998+1G>A) was confirmed for the first time in Korea. After discharge, she developed respiratory failure due to a viral infection at 8 months of her age. In spite of management with mechanical ventilation, she died of pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage. Herein, we report a case of FLNA gene mutation who presented with periventricular nodular heterotopia with respiratory insufficiency.

The Devotional Significance of Martha’s Domestic Work in The Life of Saint Mary Magdalene and of her Sister Saint Martha

박환희 한국고전중세르네상스영문학회 2022 중세근세영문학 Vol.32 No.3

In The Life of Saint Mary Magdalene and of her Sister Saint Martha, Martha’s sanctity and devotional authority is based on her domestic work. Martha’s work for Jesus resembles the works of a secular woman whose responsibility is to show hospitality, give alms, and tend to the household goods and provisions. The miracles associated with Martha showcase her role as a domestic woman: she never runs out of food, and she makes a home in the wilderness by defeating a dragon. She serves all worthy guests at her table cheerfully and receives praise as the hostess of Christ. Although there is not enough evidence on textual transmission to make any assertions about medieval women being influenced by this text, one could speculate that Martha’s life demonstrates the spiritual potential of a woman’s domestic work that could appeal to audiences of women doing similar work.

Women against Marriage: Wiliam Rowley’s The Birth of Merlin

박환희 한국고전중세르네상스영문학회 2018 중세근세영문학 Vol.28 No.1

William Rowley’s The Birth of Merlin depicts women characters that utilize linguistic skills to disrupt the expectations of marriage held by other male characters in the play. Modestia rejects marriage because she sees it as fleeting and voluntarily chooses what she sees as the more stable, everlasting life attained in a nunnery. In the process, she persuades her sister Constantia to follow suit, ultimately breaking their father’s and their suitors’ expectation of marriage as a loving union between man and woman that produces heirs to continue the family name. As the demonized seductress, Artesia manipulates verbal cues and signs to trick both King Aurelius and Prince Uter, in order to achieve her goal of invasion. In doing so, Artesia disrupts Aurelius’ expectation of marriage as token of peace and love, and Uter’s hope for continuing a romantic relationship with her. The women therefore suggest a subversive reading of marriage in early modern English literature.

Reconstructing Catholic Femininity in Early Modern England: Lives of Women Saints of Our Contrie of England

박환희 한국고전중세르네상스영문학회 2020 중세근세영문학 Vol.30 No.3

Lives of Women Saints in Our Contrie of England, an early-seventeenth-century collection of Anglo-Saxon women saints’ lives, presents an image of virtuous, diligent women that counters the misogynist depiction of Catholics in the Protestant polemics. The image of the feminine was utilized in early modern England, as in other periods, to attack the opposition, and early modern Protestants portrayed Catholicism as the “Whore of Babylon,” sinful and unable to produce anything positive. The women saints in Lives of Women Saints, particularly those associated with the famous Barking Abbey, are all depicted as hardworking women who remain under male influence and authority. By portraying them thus, the Lives of Women Saints presents a more likeable, albeit conservative, form of Catholic femininity.

The Importance of the Animal in Sir Orfeo

박환희 한국중세근세영문학회 2017 중세르네상스 영문학 Vol.25 No.1

In Sir Orfeo, the human values such as harmony, loyalty, love, and marriage are validated through the main human protagonist’s appropriation of the animal. While previous studies have read the fairy kingdom as the contrasting Other to Orfeo’s Winchester, this study argues that the animals are the non-human entity that deserves critical attention. Animals in the poem are utilized primary as tools for elevating human qualities; by describing the animal as subjects to Orfeo’s musical harmony and passive, silent beings on whom the human can impose any identity as convenient, the poem demonstrates an anthropocentric viewpoint often found in medieval literature. In addition, the reliance on the animal to establish the human implies that the boundary between the human and animal is fluid, ad suggests that human identity is not completely separated from different groups of Others.

Mercantile Experience and Spirituality in The Book of Margery Kempe

박환희 새한영어영문학회 2009 새한영어영문학 Vol.51 No.2

This paper argues that The Book of Margery Kempe describes Margery Kempe’s progress from self-centered mercantile consciousness to widespread spirituality. Whereas critics focus on the strong influence that Margery’s experience in the lay economy had over her spirituality, Margery’s way of distributing her spirituality goes beyond the limits imposed by her mercantile consciousness. Although she must rely on the language and concepts of merchant community in order to understand the religious visions she encounters, she is also aware of the sinful nature of her merchant past. Thus she overcomes the self-centered production and consumption of her earlier days and shares her spiritual experience with many others’ profit. Her definition of the relationship with Christ and her treatment of the holy visions can be seen as economics in the field of spirituality and religion. Margery’s way of translating her visions ensures easy access for those that witness her tears and listen to her speech. Her decision to have the Book written is not motivated by her desire for authority; by transcribing her experience in written text, Margery produces a format that can be circulated more widely than her speech and thereby give benefit to more people for longer periods of time. As such, The Book of Margery Kempe describes Margery’s pursuit of spirituality and transcendence of self-centered accumulation.

캐나다 아동문학 속 여성 작가의 목소리: 트레일, 몽고메리, 번포드가 묘사하는 여성, 가정, 자연

박환희 한국영미문학교육학회 2022 영미문학교육 Vol.26 No.1

This article focuses on three representative women authors of Canadian children’s literature to discuss their contribution in the genre. Catharine Parr Traill, known as the first writer of children’s literature in Canada, describes the wild yet bountiful Canadian nature and the diligent optimism of the three children in Canadian Crusoes. In the process, the role of women in promoting the pioneering and colonizing powers becomes important. L. M. Montgomery’s Anne of Green Gables describes the heroine realizing her desires for a home. Anne is an outsider that is ultimately taught to conform to the society. However, she also recreates her surrounding environment and voices out opinions that criticize the status quo. Sheila Burnford’s The Incredible Journey presents the Canadian wilderness as a vast, dangerous place for the three animals. Human domestic spaces and women’s caretaking labor allow the three animals to maintain their identities as pets and reach their goals. The three authors describe femininity, nature, and domesticity in varying ways, enriching the scope of children’s literature in Canada.

Seeing as Believing: Beholding the Image in Lydgate’s Life of Our Lady

박환희 한국중세근세영문학회 2014 고전·르네상스 영문학 Vol.23 No.2

This article argues that John Lydgate’s Life of Our Lady participates in the late medieval debate surrounding orthodoxy by promoting the benefits and potential of devout beholding of the Virgin Mary and Jesus Christ represented in images. Against the Lollard criticism of religious images, Lydgate supports the orthodox stance that meditation upon images can heighten the viewers’ devotion. Following Nicholas Love’s emphasis on reading and imagining the textual contents as if they can be seen and heard, Lydgate presents a verbal portrait of the Virgin Mary during key moments of her life up to the birth of Jesus Christ. The two groups of women devotees of the Virgin Mary in the poem, the handmaids and the midwives, are examples that demonstrate the proper mode of beholding such verbal portraits. Through them, Lydgate stresses the spiritual benefits that can be reaped from the act of seeing. With their beholding of the Virgin, the handmaids and the midwives become exemplary figures who proclaim their faith in a public manner. Thus the Life of Our Lady reveals the poet’s position in regard to the conflict surrounding orthodoxy in late medieval England.