대동맥류의 수술요법

박표원,노준량,Park, Pyo-Won,No, Jun-Ryang 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1983 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.16 No.3

Twenty-three patients with aneurysm were operated between Jan. 1956 to July 1983 at the Department of Thoracic surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. There were 18 males and 5 females in this series. The age ranged from 14 to 68 years with the mean age of 41 years. The etiology of aortic aneurysms was atherosclerosis in 10, trauma in 2, annuloaortic ectasia in 4, syphilis in 1, and unknown etiology in six cases. Among the 4 patients with ascending aortic aneurysm, aortic valve replacement with aneurysmorrhaphy in three patients and Bentall operation in one patient were performed successfully. One patient with entire aortic arch aneurysm was received Dacron graft replacement with anastomosis of brachiocephalic arteries separately under cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no complication. Among 6 patients involving the descending thoracic aorta, three patients were managed by prosthetic bypass graft and aneurysm resection, and another three patients were also managed by prosthetic graft replacement. There were three hospital deaths. There were two thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. One patient in shock state due to preoperative rupture died from cardiac arrest during operative procedure. In another patient who had extensive involvement from the midportion of descending thoracic aorta to the terminal abdominal aorta, the aneurysm was successfully repaired with Dacron graft. In this instance celiac axis, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and right renal artery were anastomosed separately. Eight of the 10 abdominal aortic aneurysms was replaced with prosthetic graft. One saccular aneurysm was treated by resection and primary closure. In another patient, cardiac arrest occurred during operation before definitive procedure. There was one another hospital death in the patient with preoperative rupture.

개방성 승모판막 교련부절개술의 결과

박표원,서경필,Park, Pyo-Won,Seo, Gyeong-Pil 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1982 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.15 No.4

A total of 18 open mitral commissurotomy were performed at Seoul National University Hospital between January 1975 and August 19. Thirteen patients had open mitral commissurotomy alone and five had additional cardiac procedure. Six patients were men and twelve were women. The mean age was 33 years. According to the NYHA classification, the distribution of patients preoperatively was as follows; Glass II, 2 patients; class III, 14 patients; class IV, 2 patients. Three patients had emboli preoperatively, all of whom were in atrlal fibrillation. There was no operative death. The patients were followed from 2 to 86 months [mean 26 months]. There was no late death and no embolic episode. Mitral valve replacement was required in one patient due to mitral restenosis after 4 years.

승모판막질환 환자의 수술전후 심에코상의 좌심실기능 변화에 관한 고찰

박표원,이영균,Park, Pyo-Won,Lee, Yung-Kyoon 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1982 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.15 No.1

M-mode echocardiographic studies of left ventricular function in mitral valve disease were evaluated in 19 surgically treated patients before and one year after operation (mean 12.7 months). Twelve patients had mitral stenosis (MS) and seven patients had mitral regurgitation (MR). Before surgery, average end-diastolic and end systolic dimensions (EDD, and ESD) and left atrial dimension were significantly greater than normal in subject with MR. After surgery, EDD fell significantly from $66.5{\pm}8.4$ (SD)mm to $52.7{\pm}6.3$mm (P 0.01) at the time of late follow up study; ESD fell significantly from $46.5{\pm}9.7$mm to $36.4{\pm}8.6$ (P 0.05) on early follow up study; left atrial dimension fell significantly from $60.5{\pm}6.8$mm to $48.1{\pm}7.2$mm (P 0.01) at the time of the late follow up study. In patients with MS, EDD and ESD were normal and did not change significantly at any time after surgery. The left ventricular ejection fraction (E.F.) was normal in both groups. preoperatively([MR: $64.2{\pm}15.1$, MS: $65.7{\pm}12.3$). After surgery, E.F. did not change significantly at any time after surgery in both groups, but de-creased from $64.2{\pm}15.1$% to $59.5{\pm}11.2$% in MR patients at the time of early follow up study.

Verapamil 심정지액의 심근보호 효과에 관한 실험적 연구

박표원 ( Pyo Won Park ),성상현 ( Sang Hyun Sung ),조재일 ( Jae Ill Zo ),안재호 ( Jae Ho Ahan ),채수완 ( Soo Wan Chai ),이중기 ( Joong Ki Lee ) 국군의무사령부 1986 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.17 No.1

최소 피부 절개술을 이용한 선천성 심장 질환 수술

박충규,박표원,전태국,박계현,채헌,Park, Choung-Kyu,Park, Pyo-Won,Jun, Tae-Gook,Park, Kay-Hyun,Chae, Hurn 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1999 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.32 No.4

배경: 선천성 심장 질환에서의 최소 피부 절개에 대한 보고는 매우 적다. 저자등은 수술상처를 최소화하면서 통상적인 수술수기 및 시야를 확보할 수 있는 방법을 고려하였다. 대상 및 방법: 저자등은 1997년 4월부터 1997년 9월까지 선천성 심장 질환 환자 40명을 대상으로 최소 피부 절개술과 정중 전 흉골 절단을 통해서 개심술을 시행하였다. 환자 질병 분포는 성인 환자가 5명(남:여=1:4)이며 이중, 심방 중격 결손증 3명, 심실 중격 결손증 1명, 부분 심내막상 결손증 1명이었고, 소아 35명(남:여=17:18)에서는 심방 중격 결손증 4명, 심실 중격 결손증 30명, 발살바 동맥류 1명이었다. 정중 피부 절개는 흉골 두번째 늑간하부에서 검상돌기 1~2cm상방까지 실시하였다. 흉골 하부 절단에는 일반 전기톱을, 흉골 상부 절단에는 특수 전기톱을 피부 밑에 삽입하여 전장의 흉골을 절단하였다. 그리고, 흉골 견인은 좌우 & 상하 양방향에 2개의 견인기를 각각 직각으로 거치하여 수술시야를 확보하였다. 결과: 흉골길이대비 피부절개의 길이는, 성인에서는 55.0$\pm$3.5%로 절개길이가 평균 12cm(10~13.5cm)였고, 소아에서는 63.1$\pm$3.9%로 평균 7.3cm(5.2~11cm)였다. 모든 증례에서 체외 순환시 필요한 동정맥 삽관을 추가적인 서혜부 피부 절개 없이 직접 대동맥 및 상하공 대정맥에 시행할 수 있었으며 좌심방벤트관은 필요시 삽입하였다. 전 례에서 수술사망이나 합병증은 발생하지 않았으며, 최소 피부 절개술에 따른 창상 감염 및 피부 괴사, 혈종 형성, 출혈에 의한 합병증은 없었다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 최소 피부 절개술과 정중 전 흉골 절개를 이용한 선천성 심장 질환 수술은, 통상적인 체외 심폐 순환을 할 수 있으며, 외관상 미용의 효과가 뚜렷하였고, 다양한 선천성 심질환에서 안전하고 효과적으로 사용될 수 있다고 판단된다. Background: Although there have been few reports about minimal skin incision for the repair of congenital heart lesions, minimizing an unsightly scar is a particularly important factor in growing children. We have adopted a technique that permits standard full sternotomy, conventional open chest cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross-clamping, left atrial vent, and antegrade cardioplegia with minimal surgical scar. Material and Method: With minimal skin incision and full sternotomy, 40 patients with congenital heart disease underwent open heart surgery from April 1997 through September 1997. Defects repaired included 30 ventricular septal defects, 4 atrial septal defects, and 1 sinus Valsalva aneurysm in 35 children(M:F=17: 18), and 3 Atrial septal defects, 1 ventricular septal defect, and 1 partial atrioventricular septal defect in 5 adults(M:F=1:4). Midline skin incision was performed from the second intercostal space to 1 or 2 cm above the xiphoid process. For full sternotomy, we used the ordinary sternal saw in sternal body, and a special saw in manubrium under the skin flap. During sternal retraction, surgical field was obtained by using two retractors in a crossed direction. Result: The proportion of the skin incision length to the sternal length was 63.1${\pm}$3.9%(5.2∼11cm, mean 7.3cm) in children, and 55.0${\pm}$3.5%(10∼13.5cm, mean 12cm) in adults. In every case, the aortic and venous cannulations could be done through the sternal incision without additional femoral cannulation. There was no hospital death, wound infection, skin necrosis, hematoma formation, or bleeding complication. Conclusion: We conclude that minimal skin incision with full sternotomy can be a safe and effective alternative method for the repair of congenital heart diseases in children and adults.

확장성 심근증 환아에서의 부분 심실 절제술의 적용 -1례 보고-

유정우,박표원,전태국,박계현,채헌,이흥재,강이석,Yoo, Jeong-Woo,Park, Pyo-Won,Jun, Tae-Gook,Park, Kay-Hyun,Chae, Hurn,Lee, Heung-Jae,Kang, Yi-Suk 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1999 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.32 No.3

심한 울혈성 심부전으로 Dopamine을 1개월간 사용해온 10세의 확장성 심근증 환아에서 심장 이식을 시행하려 하였으나, 적절한 크기의 공여 심장이 없었고, 환아의 증상이 악화되어 부분 심실 절제술과 승모판 성형술을 시행하였다. 수술후 환아의 임상 증상은 현저히 호전되었고 수술전과 수술후 3개월, 6개월 1년째의 심장 초음파 검사 소견을 비교하여 추적 관찰한 결과, 좌심실의 심박출 계수는 수술전 17 %에서 수술후 각각 29%, 35%, 36%로 개선되었고 좌심실 확장기말 직경은 수술전 72 mm에서 수술후 각각 59 mm, 61 mm, 61 mm로 변화를 보였다. 부분 좌심실 절제술과 승모판 성형술의 동반 시행은 심장 이식의 기회가 상대적으로 적은 소아의 확장성 심근증에 있어 심장의 부하를 감소시켜 증상 완화를 시킬 수 있는 외과적 방법으로 심장 이식을 시행할 때까지 유지시켜주는 고식적 가치가 크며 아울러 장기적 추적 관찰이 필요하다고 사료 된다. Heart transplantation was planned for a 10-year old boy who had dilated cardiomyopathy with severe congestive heart failure and had been on dopamine for 1month. However, partial left ventriculectomy and mitral annuloplasty were performed instead, because there was no donor heart of the adequate size and the symptoms were aggravated. The clinical symptoms were markedly improved after the surgery. Comparing the postoperative echocardiographic results with the preoperative results, there were remarkable changes in the left ventricular ejection fraction(preoperative LV EF 17% to postoperative 3 months 29%, 6 months 35%, 1 year 36%) and the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(preoperative 72 mm to postoperative 3 months 59 mm, 6 months 61 mm, 1 year 61 mm). Partial left ventriculectomy and mitral annuloplasty reduced the cardiac loading in the dilated cardiomyopathy. Partial left ventriculectomy and mitral annuloplasty may be considered as one of the alternative surgical metho s to carry over until a heart transplantation can be performed, especially for children.

외상성 심실중격결손 및 삼첨판 역류증 치험 1례

박종호,박표원,Park, Jong-Ho,Park, Pyo-Won 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1991 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.24 No.6

Recently, cardiac injury due to blunt thoracic trauma appears to be increasing in frequency. The rising incidence of this mishap may relate to the absolute increase in automobile accidents as well as to more universal recognition that cardiac damage may have been sustained. We have experienced a rare case of ventricular septal defect caused by non-penetrating thoracic trauma. Of further interest is the history of chest trauma, clearly resulting in rupture of the chordae tendineae of the tricuspid valve successfully treated by operation-re-placement with two, 6 - 0, double-armed, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene sutures-2 months later. The unique combination of ventricular septal defect and rupture of the chordae tendineae of the tricuspid valve secondary to non-penetrating thoracic trauma is presented below to emphasize another variety of cardiac injury.

관상동맥 우회로술 후 재발한 협심증의 경심근 레이저 혈류 재건술 치험 3례

이호석,박계현,전태국,박표원,채헌,Lee, Ho-Seok,Park, Kay-Hyun,Jun, Tae-Gook,Park, Pyo-Won,Chae, Hurn 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 2000 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.33 No.7

경심근 레이저 혈류 재건술(transmyocardial laser revascularization, TMR)은 현재 허혈성 심질환 환자에게 널리 사용되고 있는 시술인 경피적 관상동맥 확장술(percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, PTCA)과 관상동맥 우회로술(coronary artery bypass grafting, CABG)에 적응이 되지 않는 환자들에게서 단독 치료 방법으로서 자리를 잡아가고 있다. 본원에서는 관상동맥 우회로술 후에 협심증이 재발한 환자 3 례에서 단독 치료로서 경심근 레이저를 사용하였기에 그 경험을 보고하는 바이다. Transmycardial laser revascularization has made its position as a sole therapy for patients with chronic angina nonamenable to maximal medical therapy, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, and coronary artery bypass grafting. We report three cases of transmyocardial laser revascularization as a sole therapy for patients with recurrent angina after CABG.

관상동맥 우회수술후 신경계 합병증의 위험인자

박계현,채헌,박충규,전태국,박표원,Park, Kay-Hyun,Chae, Hurn,Park, Choong-Kyu,Jun, Tae-Gook,Park, Pyo-Won 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1999 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.32 No.9

배경: 최근 관상동맥 우회수술의 조기 성적이 향상됨에 따라 뇌 경색을 비롯한 신경계 합병증이 수술 후 경과를 결정하는 중요한 합병증으로서 비중이 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 관상동맥 우회수술 후에 발생하는 신경계 합병증의 발생 양상을 분석하고 그 위험인자를 규명하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 관상동맥 우회수술을 시행받은 351명의 환자를 대상으로 신경계 합병증의 발생 여부와 형태, 위험인자를 분석하였다. 신경계 합병증은 새로운 뇌 경색이 확진된 경우와 수술후 의식 및 지남력의 완전한 회복이 24시간 이상 지연된 경우로 정의하였다. 결과: 대상 환자중 18명(5.1%)에서 신경계 합병증이 발생하였으며 그 중 뇌 경색이 확진된 환자는 9명(2.6%)이었다. 운동마비를 동반한 뇌 경색이 4명에서 발생하였고 4명은 정신 지체나 지남력 장애의 형태로 나타났으며 뇌사 판정을 받은 환자가 1명 있었다. 나머지 9명은 뇌 경색의 증거는 발견되지 않았으나 의식 및 지남력의 완전 회복이 지연된 환자들이었다. 통계적 분석 결과 180분 이상의 심폐 바이패스, 수술중 상행 대동맥의 죽상경화반이 진단된 경우, 초음파 검사로 진단된 경동맥 협착, 뇌졸중이나 일과성 뇌허혈의 과거력 등이 단변량 및 다변량 분석 모두에서 의미있는 위험인자로 분석되었다. 그밖에 고령(65세 이상), 흉부 단순 촬영상 대동맥의 석회화가 발견된 경우, 수술중 심근 경색 등도 단변량 분석시 의미있는 위험인자였다. 대동맥궁 삽관이나 single clamp technique 등 신경학적 합병증의 예방에 기여할 것으로 기대되었던 수술 수기상의 변형은 합병증 발생 빈도에 별다른 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 분석되었으며 경동맥 협착의 정도 역시 합병증 발생 빈도와 상관관계가 없었다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 관상동맥 우회수술 후의 신경계 합병증의 발생 원인은 복합적이긴 하지만 근본적으로는 동맥계의 동맥경화성 병변과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 합병증의 예방을 위해서는 수술전 동맥경화성 병변에 대한 전신적인 평가와 함께 고위험군 환자들의 경우 적극적인 수술 수기의 변형을 검토할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. Background: As the early outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) has been stabilized, neurologic complication has now become one of the most important morbidity. The aim of this study was to find out the risk factors associated with the neurologic complications after CABG. Material and Method: In 351 patients who underwent CABG, the incidence and features of neurologic complications, with associated perioperative risk factors, were retrospectively reviewed. Neurologic complication was defined as a new cerebral infarction confirmed by postoperative neurologic examination and radiologic studies, or delayed recovery of consciousness and orientation for more than 24 hours after the operation. Result: Neurologic complications occurred in 18 patients(5.1%), of these nine(2.6%) were diagnosed as having new cerebral infarctions(stroke). Stroke was manifested as motor paralysis in four patients, mental retardation or orientation abnormality in four, and brain death in one. Statistical analysis revealed the following variables as significant risk factors for neurologic complications by both univariate and multivariate analyses: cardiopulmonary bypass longer than 180 minutes, atheroma of the ascending aorta, carotid artery stenosis detected by Duplex sonography, and past history of cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack. Age over 65 years, aortic calcification detected by simple X-ray, and intraoperative myocardial infarction were significant risk factors by univariate analysis only. Neither the severity of carotid artery stenosis nor technical modifications such as cannulation of the aortic arch or single clamp technique, which were expected to affect the inciden e of neurologic complications, had significant relationship with the incidence. Conclusion: This study confirmed the strong association between neurologic complications after CABG and atherosclerosis of the arterial system. Therefore, to minimize the incidence of neurologic complications, systematic evaluation focused on atherosclerotic lesions of the arterial system followed by adequate alteration of operative strategy is needed.

작은 기계 판막을 이용한 대도액 판막 치환술 후 판막 전후 압력차

황경환,박계현,차대원,전태국,박표원,채헌,Hwang, Kyung-Hwan,Park, Kay-Hyun,Cha, Dae-Won,Jun, Tae-Gook,Park, Pyo-Won,Chae, Hurn 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 2000 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.33 No.2

background: The prognosis after an aortic valve replacment can be affected significantly by the transprosthetic pressure gradient which is determined mainly by the size of the patients body and the prosthesis used. We analyzed the hemodynamic feature of two relatively new prosthese the ATS and the evensized Medtronic-Hall(M-H) valves by measuring the transprosthetic pressure gradient in the cases where small sizes (23mm or smaller) were used. Material and method: There were 94 patients who received whom aortic valve replacement with prosthesis smaller than 23 mm from October 1994 to June 1998. In these patients the transprosthetic pressure gradient clalculated from the pressure half time during postoperative Dopper echocardiographic examination was compared between the prostheses of different sizes. The body surface area of each patient was also taken into consideration. result: The mean pressure gradient and body surface area in each group were 21.7$\pm$10.2 mmHg and 1.52$\pm$0.14m2 in ATS 19mm 11.4$\pm$6.5 mmHg and 1,57$\pm$0.20m2 in M-H 20mm 15.2$\pm$6.3 mmHg and 1.54$\pm$0.13m2 in ATS 21mm 9.3$\pm$2.5 mmHg and 1.63 $\pm$0.14m2 in M-H 22 mm and 12.9$\pm$5.3 mmHg and 1.69$\pm$0.13m2 in ATS 23mm. Conclusion: The 19mm ATS prosthesis showed significant trasprosthetic pressure gradient which is similar to the values previously reported with other bileaflet prosthesesm Close follow-up was needed in terms of exercise capacity and change in left ventiricular geometry. In patients with small aortic valve annulus the 20mm M-H valve is recomendable as an alternative to 19mm bileaflet valves because it has less pressure gradient with similar outer diameter.