공원범죄의 피해방지를 위한 합리적인 방안

박찬걸(Park, Chan-Keol) 한국피해자학회 2012 被害者學硏究 Vol.20 No.2

Before constructing parks, it's necessary to formulate plans in the direction of preventing crimes in advance, and follow-up management must be done after constructing the parks completely. If citizens are reluctant to use the parks because public safety is not guaranteed, the reason for being disappears. If the parks do not protect citizens from crimes, it would rather not exist than do harm to them. Rather, it is good policy. In this respect, the current system must be improved, which has no manual for crime prevention being confined to policy of increasing the number of parks. Through the government's expressing its firm will to secure public safety of parks by enacting clear provisions so that the original good will is not distorted to make resting places for citizens, a recognition that illegal acts which make others anxious are punished necessarily must be instilled into park users while taking a sound rest is protected thoroughly. In addition, the police should do the patrols actively in order to prevent crimes in the parks and try to increase street lamps and security CCTV installation in collaboration with the agencies concerned including gu offices. However, it can be said the most important thing to prevent damage of the crimes in the parks is the very civic consciousness. We should keep it in mind that along with continuous efforts by the police and public organizations, a sense of ownership that 'I am the owner of the park' and mature civic consciousness to ‘care for the park like my house’ will make the parks safe without crimes.

강간죄의 객체로서 "아내"의 인정 여부에 관한 소고

박찬걸 ( Chan Keol Park ) 한양대학교 법학연구소 2009 법학논총 Vol.26 No.2

Korean has not admitted marital rape punishable conduct since 1970`s judgement of Supreme Court. In other words, The Korean jurisprudence has maintained the marital rape exemption even if Korean Penal Code itself does not provide any basis for the exemption. According to existing laws, rape by her husband is also punished at least 3 years imprisonment. And established theories also have denied coerced intercourse between husband and wife as crime. These case admitted only intimidation, coercion and violence. But coerced intercourse with serious violence by husband must be punished. After due consideration this point, recently judgement of Supreme Court and judgement of Bu-san district Court admitted martial rape. If nation does not intervene these serious criminal conducts, husbands rape his wife easy. Indeed marital rape by husband is occurred mostly under the same house. There is no rational basis for distinguishing between marital rape and non-marital rape. Marriage has never been viewed as giving a husband the right to coerced intercourse on demand. Certainly a marriage license should not be viewed as a license for a husband to forcibly rape his wife with impunity. A wife has the same right to control her own body as does an unmarried women. We need not established new act or provision marital rape, because present criminal act contains marital rape as crime. So through explanation of present criminal act`s `Bu-nyeo`, the rape by husband could be punished.

공소시효의 정지 ․ 연장 ․ 배제에 관한 최근의 논의

박찬걸(Park, Chan Keol) 대검찰청 2012 형사법의 신동향 Vol.0 No.34

공소시효제도가 본래 범인필벌의 요청과 법적 안정성의 요청 사이에 상반되는 이익에 대한 조정의 문제라고 하는 점에 비추어 볼 때, 소추기관이 실효적인 공소권을 행사할 수 없는 상황하에서는 특정 범죄에 대한 공소시효도 정지ㆍ연장ㆍ배제되는 것이라고 해석하는 것이 당위성에 합치되고 정의의 관념과 형평의 원칙에도 부합된다. 그리고, 공소시효를 정지ㆍ연장ㆍ배제하고자 하는 특례규정을 신설한 경우에도 반드시 지켜야 할 점은 당해 신설조항에 대한 소급효를 절대적으로 인정해서는 안 된다는 것이다. 즉 허용되지 않는 소급효의 범위에 대해서는 진정소급효 뿐만 아니라 부진정소급효도 포함되어야 한다. 공소시효제도는 비록 절차법인 형사소송법에 규정되어 있으나 그 실질은 국가형벌권의 소멸이라는 점에서 형의 시효와 마찬가지로 실체법적 성격을 갖고 있는 것이기 때문이다. 끝으로, 형사소송법상의 공소시효제도에 대한 예외적 규정을 특별법에 규정하는 방식은 문제가 있다고 보여진다. 우리나라의 경우 성폭력특례법과 청소년성보호법 등에서 공소시효제도에 대한 예외적 규정을 입법한 전례에서도 드러난 것처럼, 이러한 방식은 특정 사건이 발생했을 때 국민감정을 고려한 즉흥적인 강성형사정책의 일환으로 작용한 점을 부인할 수 없다. 그러므로 공소시효제도에 관한 일반법이라고 할 수 있는 형사소송법에 예외적인 규정을 두는 것이 보다 바람직하다. 만약 13세 미만의 여자 또는 장애인을 대상으로 하는 성범죄에 대한 공소시효 배제규정을 형사소송법에 입법화하고자 하려는 시도가 있었다면, 살인죄의 공소시효 배제가 이루어지지 않은 당시의 상황에서 아마도 법 개정작업이 순탄치 않았을 것이다. 이는 형사법의 전체법질서와 조화되기 어렵기 때문이다. 결론적으로 공소시효를 정지ㆍ연장ㆍ배제하는 예외적인 규정들은 피의자에게 불리한 조치이므로 보다 신중한 판단을 필요로하기 때문에 기본법의 개정 또는 신설을 통하는 방식이 가장 적합하다고 하겠다. Considering that the statute of limitations system is the issue of adjustment of conflicting interests between the requirement of judicial stability and the requirement of punishing criminals, interpreting that the statute of limitations on specific crime would be suspended, extended and excluded, when the prosecuting agency cannot exercise valid prosecuting right, agrees with the appropriateness and accords with the concept of justice and the principle of equity. In addition, if special law clauses had been added to suspend, extend and exclude the statute of limitations, it should be essentially kept that the retroactive effect on the relevant new articles should not be acknowledged without exception. In other words, both of true retroactive effect and non-true retroactive effect should be included in the scope of disallowed scope retroactive effect. The reason is that, though the statute of limitations system is defined in the Criminal Procedure Code, which is a procedural law, the substance of it has the nature of substantial law like the expiry of punitive action since it is the expiry of state’s right on punishing crime. As last, it is believed that adding exceptional clauses on the statute of limitations system from the Criminal Procedure to a special law is not desirable. In Korea, there were legislation precedents of exceptional clauses on the statute of limitations system in the Special Law on Sexual Violence and Law on Protecting Juveniles on Sexual Matters. As seen in such precedents, it cannot be denied that such legislations had been done as a part of impromptu rigid criminal policy in view of people’s feeling when certain event had occurred. Therefore, it is more desirable to have exceptional clauses in the Criminal Procedure Code, since it is the general law on the statute of limitations system. If there had been an attempt to legislate retroactive effect exclusion clause in the Criminal Procedure Code for the sex crime on disabled or 13 years old girl or younger, it is believed that the legislation work must have not been easy since the exclusion of retroactive effect on homicide had not been done. The reason is that it is difficult to be in harmony with overall judicial order in the Criminal Code. In conclusion, the exceptional clauses that suspend, extend and exclude the retroactive effect are disadvantageous to the suspects and they need more prudent judgment. Therefore, it is believed that revision of fundamental law or making new law would be more appropriate.

공법 : 특정 성범죄자의 신상정보 활용제도의 문제점과 개선방안 -성범죄자 등록,고지,공개제도를 중심으로-

박찬걸 ( Chan Keol Park ) 한양대학교 법학연구소 2010 법학논총 Vol.27 No.4

Juvenile sex protection law recently amended releases through the Internet detailed information of sexual offenders(name, age, physical characteristics, photo, address) unlike the past releasing method. The Court determined to disclose of personal information on the sexual criminals for youth and notify their identities such as name, birth date, occupation, address(city, county and district) and crimes that have committed on the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family`s homepage. The National Assembly passed revised law related to prevention of sex offence against juvenile; revised law to strengthen the registration of sex offenders, to introduce the notification of sex offenders etc. But the present sanction to the sex offender is not enough to prevent the offence. So nationwide notification method must be amended in order not to violate the privacy of offenders and their family and we should devise a better system for the protection of human rights. Finally In order to prevent sexual exploitations and violences against juveniles, what is needed for diminishing sex offences is not to make new sort of treatment or sentence heavier punishment but to supplement the current system by making the analysis process more efficient.

자유형에 대한 형집행정지제도의 문제점 및 개선방안

박찬걸(Park Chan-keol) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2016 형사정책연구 Vol.106 No.-

음주측정불응에 대한 합리적 대응방안

박찬걸(Park, Chan-Keol) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2011 형사정책연구 Vol.87 No.-

군사재판에 있어서 관할관제도 및 심판관제도의 문제점과 개선방안

박찬걸(Park Chan-Keol) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2012 형사정책연구 Vol.92 No.-

성매매범죄의 양형기준안에 대한 검토

박찬걸(Park, Chan-Keol) 한국형사법학회 2014 刑事法硏究 Vol.26 No.1

성매매범죄 양형기준안에 의하면 우선 19세 이상 대상 성매매범죄와 19세 미만 대상 성매매범죄로 대분류를 하고 있는데, 이는 성매매처벌법과 아청법이 성매매의 대상을 기준으로 법정형을 크게 다르게 규정하고 있음에 연유하며, 이후 행위유형에 의거하여 성매수, 성판매강요, 성매매알선 등의 범죄로 중분류를 하고 있다. 다만 성매매처벌법 제21조 제1항의 (성인을 대상으로 하는) 성매수죄는 법정형이 ‘1년 이하의 징역 또는 300만 원 이하의 벌금, 구류, 과료’로 되어 있어, 징역형의 형량분포범위가 좁은 점을 고려하여 양형기준 설정범위에서 제외하고 있다. 결국 성매매범죄의 양형 기준안은 ① 19세 이상 대상 성판매 강요, ② 19세 이상 대상 성매매 알선, ③ 19세 미만 대상 성매수, ④ 19세 미만 대상 성판매 강요, ⑤ 19세 미만 대상 성매매 알선 등 총 5가지의 유형별 양형의 범위와 각각의 양형인자로 구성되어 있다. 본고에서는 아동ㆍ청소년의 성을 사는 행위의 상대방이 되도록 강요 등(19세 미만 대상 성판매 강요) 및 아동ㆍ청소년 대상 성매매 알선 등(19세 미만 대상 성매매 알선)을 제외한 3가지 유형의 성매매범죄에 대하여 첫째, 제시된 형량의 내용과 기존에 시행되고 있는 양형기준 가운데 법정형이 유사한 범죄군과의 비교를 통하여 형량의 범위가 적절하게 제시되어 있는지 여부, 둘째, 양형기준의 대상이 된 구성요건 이외에 추가적으로 포함시킬 것이 있는지의 여부, 셋째, 제시된 양형인자는 각 유형별 성매매범죄의 특성을 제대로 반영하고 있는지의 여부, 넷째, 양형인자로 제시된 가중 및 감경요소 이외에 추가적으로 포함시켜야 할 인자가 있는지의 여부, 다섯째, 성매매범죄에 대한 외국의 처벌규정을 통한 우리나라 성매매범죄의 형량과 양형인자의 비교ㆍ검토 등을 중심으로 논의를 진행하기로 한다. According to the sentencing guidelines of prostitution crime, it is mainly classified into the prostitution crime of above age 19 and the prostitution crime of below age 19, which is based on the fact the statutory punishment of the Prostitution Punishment Act and the Juvenile Sex Protection Act is being defined significantly differently for the subject of prostitution. In addition, it is being classified again into the crimes of purchasing sex, prostitution coercion and prostitution recommendation. However, statutory punishment of the crime of purchasing sex in the Paragraph 1, Article 21 of Prostitution Punishment Act is 'imprisonment of less than a year or less than 3 million won in fine, detention, penalty'. Considering that the sentence distribution scope of imprisonment is narrow, it is being excluded in the establishment scope of sentencing guidelines. Consequently, sentencing guidelines of prostitution crime consist of the five types of sentencing - ① prostitution coercion for above age 19, ② prostitution recommendation for above age 19, ③ purchasing sex from a person below age 19, ④ prostitution coercion for below age 19, and ⑤ prostitution recommendation for below age 19 - and respective sentencing factors. In regards to the remaining three types of prostitution crime upon excluding the coercion to become the other party of the act of purchasing sex from children/juvenile (prostitution coercion for below age 19) and the recommendation of prostitution for children/juvenile (prostitution recommendation for below age 19), the discussion hereafter will focus on the followings: first, whether the scope of sentencing has been appropriately presented through a comparison with a crime group with similar statutory punishment among existing sentencing guidelines being implemented and the contents of presented sentence; second, whether there are additional components to be included in addition to the components that are the subject of sentencing guidelines; third, whether the presented sentencing factor properly reflects the characteristic of prostitution crime of each type; fourth, whether there are additional elements to be included in addition to the weighted & reduction element presented as sentencing factor; fifth, a comparison and review of the sentence and sentencing factor of prostitution crime of our country through the rules of punishment of other countries.

성매매 알선범죄에 대한 행정처분의 활용방안

박찬걸(Park Chan-Keol) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2016 형사정책연구 Vol.107 No.-

최근의 성매매피해자 개념 확대 논의에 대한 검토

박찬걸(Park, Chan-Keol) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2014 형사정책연구 Vol.97 No.-