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      • 日政期 朝鮮總督府 保健福祉行政의 內容分析 : 傳染病退治活動을 중심으로 With a Special Reference to the Activities for Extermination of Epidemic Diseases

        朴仁純 韓國福祉行政學會 2003 복지행정논총 Vol.13 No.1

        韓日合倂이전의 韓國은 保健衛生에 관한 주민의 관심이 낮았을 뿐만 아니라, 醫療機關과 醫療人의 미비로 인하여 해마다 傳染病(주로 虎列刺, 腸窒扶斯, 赤痢, 實布垤利亞, 猩紅熱, 발진지부사, 파라질부사)이 발생하여 많은 인명을 빼앗아 갔다. 가장 많은 人命을 빼앗아 간 傳染病은 虎列刺, 腸室扶斯, 赤痢, 痘瘡이었다. 虎列刺는 특정연도에 가끔 유행하였으나 腸室扶斯, 赤痢 및 痘瘡은 만성적으로 해마다 유행하였다. 그러나 1905~1910年의 日本 統監席통치와 1910~1945年의 朝鮮總督府통치를 받는 동안, 傳染病退治를 위한 제도적 정비와 활동을 강화한 결과, 傳染病의 발생수와 그로 인한 死亡者가 현저히 감소하였다. 제도적으로 여러 防疫法令을 제도화해서(특히 "傳染病豫防令"과 "朝鮮種痘令") 法定傳染病을 규정하여 이에 대한 防疫 및 제압활동을 강화하였다. 특히 콜레라, 痘瘡, 腸室扶斯, 赤痢, 猩紅熱, 디프테리아, 발진티푸스, 페스트 등에 대한 防疫 및 제압활동을 강화하고, 폐디스토마, 기생충과 같은 地方病에 대한 退治도 강화하였다. 이들 傳染病에 대한 예방주사 실시, 발생시의 검역강화, 상하수도 등의 개량, 소독시행등의 退治활동을 강화하고, 검역소의 설치와 傳染病의 학술적 조사를 통해서 각종 傳染病의 退治에 노력하였다. 특히 種痘의 확대실시와 法定傳染病의 예방주사강화는 傳染病退治에 중요한 역할을 하였다. 그러나 이러한 防疫 및 제압활동에도 불구하고 많은 환자가 발생하여 높은 비중의 사망자를 낸 것은 防疫 및 제압활동의 한계를 표징하는 것이었다.

      • 朝鮮總督府의 保健醫療豫算行政과 韓國人參與

        朴仁純 제주한라대학 2003 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

        This article is a research on the health and medical budgeting administration and the participation of Koreans through its processing under the rule of the Chosun Government-General in Korea during the period from the annexation of Korea to Japan of 1910 A.D. upto the liberation from Japan of 1945 A.D. Its contents are constituted of budgeting agencies and procedures as well as appropriations structure. and also Koreans participation in the budgeting process. Its approaching methods are principally placed upon the legal methods. The outline of the results of this research could be summarized as the followings : (1) Budget Offices and Budgeting Phases The Government budget during the period of Japanese domination of since of 1910 A.D. is operated by the Chosun Government-General. and the competent Ministries and the Finance Ministry of Japan Government. The operation of the government budget of Chosun was conducted by the Chosun Governor General under the control of the competent Ministries as the jurisdictional budget offices and the Finance Ministry as the central budget office of Japan Government. The competent Ministry of the Chosun Government-General was the Finance Ministry until the Colonial Cultivation Ministry was founded in 1929. and then it became the Colonial Caltivation Ministry and hereafter the Home Affairs Ministry which was established in 1942 A.D. The budgeting cycle in Chosun is initiated at the Chosun Government-General, and the estimates prepared here move to the Finance Ministry as the central budget office through the competent Ministries and to the Cabinet of Japan Government, and from there to the Legislature for authorization. And then. the budget. as modified by the Legislature. after the approval of the Emperor, returned to the Chosun Government-General for execution. The Chosun Government-General's experience in carrying out the budget is then subject to closed examination by the Legislature and audit by the General Audit Office. The budgeting administration of the Chosun Government-General was in charge of the Governor-General who was appointed by the Emperor of Japan. In accordance with the basic framework of the Chosun Government-General. the Departments. Bureaus and Sections as augxiliary organizations which were reorganized to the Bureaus and Sections in 1919 A.D. were responsible to the Governor and charged with the actual administration. As far as budget concerned a Account Section subjected to the Finance Bureau under the Governor-General was in charge of the detailed budgeting administration including health and medical affairs On the other hand, in the case of local administration units, such as Provinces, Municipalities and Towns, the Local Expenditures were independently institutionalized from the Special Accounts of the Chosun Government-General. In this Local Expenditures it could be also used for the matters of the health and medical affairs. According to an examination by the functional classifications. it reveals that amongst the total expenditures of the Special Accounts of Chosun Government-General, the portion of health and medical expenditures were occupied roughly 1.0 to 1.5 % during the 1911 to 1927 FY. and 0.3 to 0.7 % during the 1928 to 1940 FY. Those decreasing of health and medical expenditures after the 1928 FY was caused by the increasing of expenditures for war against Manchuria. China and America. In the case of local expenditures. the ratio of health and medical costs among the total amounts of all sorts of Local Expenditures for the FY 1943 was about 5.1 %. (2) Exclusion of Korean's participation in the budgetary process of the Chosun Government-General During the period of Japanese domination. Japan had not allowed to Korean peoples to be the members of the legislature either Diet or Senate of Japan. and then Korean peoples could not be participated in the formation of the budget of the Chosun Government-General. Even though there was a Central Council named the Privy Council in the Chosun Government-General. but it was nothing but an advisory body for the Governor-General. and its members were appointed by him from among prominent pro-Japanese Koreans. So. there was no any lagislative body or agency of any kind through which the Korean peoples could express their wills in the processing of budgetary formation in the central administration. Nevertheless. in the local administration. there were some kind of Koeran's participation route in budgetary processing through "Local Expenditures" system and Local Council systems as a pseudo-self local government institutions. The Provincial Governor was advised by a Provincial Council in conjunction with local matters including local expenditures. But in this case two-thirds of its members were elected and one-third appointed by the Governor. Below the Provinces. there were the municipalities. and towns and townships below the Counties. The head of municipalities were appointed by the Province Governor with the approval of the Governor-General and only some of the members of the Municipal Councils were elected. The heads of towns and townships also appointed respectively in the same manners. The part of members of the Town Councils and Townships Councils were elected. However. the franchise was strictly limited. Only male residents of at least twenty five years old. paying at least five yen in property taxes. were allowed to vote in the elections. Besides. the each Councils were only advisory capacities in practice. Accordingly this was a faraway from anything like real self-local administration in democratic manners. Therefore. there was no any full participation measures in the operation of the health and medical expenditures in local administration.

      • 組織內 系線 - 幕僚間 葛藤의 調整面에서 본 秘書織의 役割

        朴仁純 제주한라대학 1995 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

        This paper has argued what the secretary help top management to coordinate line staff conflicts in organization. Line functions are those which have direct responsibility for accomplishing the objectives of organization and that staff refer to those elements of the organization that help the line to work most effectively in accomplishing the primary objectives of an organization. For such a difference of functions, much frictions have arisen between the line and staff in organization. Line - staff conflicts are widespread in every organization. Those conflicts arise from growing inconsistencies between sfaff specialists and line generalists. Conflicts between line and staff hinder the attainment of organizational goals. Therefore, top manager should realize how such conflicts affects organizational growth and stability, and be concerned to improve the condition, then remedical measure could be considered. It is likely that those conflicts could easily be managed under the regime of organizational member's solidarity based upon the mutual recognition of the need for interdependence of them. Secretary can assist top manager to coordinate line - staff conflicts in carrying out his (or her) duty. The secretaries in organizations are usually lumped together conceptually under the name "alter - ego of the top manager". In another word, they exercise the top manager's authority actually in real world. So, they can do the significant role in the resolution of these line - sfaff conflicts in modern organizations through the processing of their secretarial functions those are concerned with the "privy affairs" for their top managers.

      • SCIEKCI등재

        밤 전분의 이화학적 특성

        박인순,김성곤,김춘수 한국응용생명화학회 1982 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.25 No.4

        밤(품종, 은기) 전부의 성상, 이화학적 특성 및 전분 겔의 노화속도를 조사하였다. 전분의 입자는 장축 및 단축의 비가 1.4:1인 불규칙한 타원형으로서 크기는 2.9~21.4μ(평균 10 μ)이었다. X-ray 회절도는 2θ가 5.6°, 15.3°, 17.2°, 22.0°, 23.8°에서 peak를 보였으며, B형에 속하였다. 전분의 아밀로스 함량은 22.7%, 물 결합 능력은 81.5%, 호화온도는 55℃이었다. 전분의 swelling은 55℃까지는 큰 변화가 없었고, 이후 급격히 증가하였으나 65℃ 이후에는 그 변화가 완만하였다. 아밀로그라프에 의한 전분의 호화는 농도(5 및 6%)에 관계없이 비슷한 양상을 보였으며, 최고 점도는 나타나지 않았다. 밤 전분은 입자간의 결합강도가 강하며, 열 및 shear force에 의한 swollen granule의 저항성이 큰 특징을 보였다. 전분 겔(건물중으로 45%)의 노화 시간상수(속도 상수의 역수)는 21℃에서 1.68일이었다. Physicoshemical properties and aging of chestnut, Castanea cretana(Eungi), starch were investigated. The starch granules were irregular oval shape with the ratio of short and long axis of 1 : 1.4 and the size of 2.9-21.4μ(average 10μ). The starch showed a typical B-type X-type diffraction pattern. Amylose content and water binding capacity were 22.7% and 81.5%, respectively. The optical transmittance of 0. 1% starch suspension increased rapidly from 55℃. The swelling power of the starch repidly increased betwen 55℃ and 60℃, and its increase slowed down thereafter. Amylograms of starch at 5% and 6% concentrations indicated that the starch was stable against heat and shear force. The viscosity at 6% concentration was over twice higher than that at lower concentration. The time constant(reciprocal of rate constant) for 45% starch gel stored at 21℃ was 1.68 days.

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