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- 저자 : 박웅철 ( Woong Cheul Park ) (검색결과 1 건)
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박웅철 ( Woong Cheul Park ) 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 2007 중동연구 Vol.25 No.2
After the September 11 terrorist attack on the US, the Bush Administration declared “War against Terror”. Through the war, the Bush Administration came to realization that most terrorists were nationals of Islamic countries where democracy is not practised and that those terrorists were nurtured by Islamic fundamentalists. Having this in mind, the Bush Administration formulated an initiative and planned to announce it in June 2004 at the Sea Island Summit of the G8 countries. Somehow, the document was leaked to al-Hayat newspaper which in turn published it on February 13, 2004. It was revealed then that the proposed Greater Middle East Initiative called for Good Governance, establishment of the knowledge based society and the expansion of the economic opportunities. The US idea to impose the American type of democracy upon the Greater Middle Eastern countries that have different cultural, religious and historical background was not welcomed by the most of the concerned countries, especially the Arabs. Positions of the Arab countries were categorized into three: the first group included the ones that supported the idea, the second was those who called for dialogue with the US and the third was those who rejected the initiative completely. This paper studies the reaction of the Syrian Arab Republic to the initiative. Syria ,which is one of the two countries that did not sign a peace accord with Israel, rejected the initiative. The study attempts to reveal the elements that affected the Syrian foreign policy decision making process whether they are historical, cultural, religious or geopolitical. Along the study, the relation between the US and the Middle East in general and between US and Syria in particular are also considered. In conclusion, it became clear that Syria ,which is still considered by US as one of the countries that sponsor terrorism, supported the US in its was against terror at the beginning. With a new young president, Bashar al-Assad, since June 2000, Syria is well aware of the fact that political, economical and social reforms are required to enable the country to become an active member in the New World Order. Syria, under the pressure of the international community, withdrew its military forces from Lebanon in May 2005. Thus, the influence of Syria in Lebanon, which was one of the closest allies in the eyes of the Syrian Government in its war against Israel, has been weakened. Syria is at the crossroads for transformation. Nevertheless, Syria rejects the reform imposed upon it by external pressure, especially by the US, which is a close ally of its archenemy, Israel, and which has maintained double standards in dealing with Middle Eastern issues. Syria continues to proceed on its own way for reform.
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