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가열온도(加熱溫度)에 따른 애엽(艾葉)의 성분변화(成分變化) 및 생리활성(生理活性)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)
박영재,박영배,김용석,고형균,김창환,강성길,Park Young-Jae,Park Young-Bae,Kim Yong-Suk,Koh Hyung-Kyun,Kim Chang-Hwan,Kang Sung-Keel 대한침구의학회 1998 대한침구의학회지 Vol.15 No.2
Purpose : The study for changes in components and acitvities of Artemisiae Herba at various processing temperature is generally regarded as a foundation in setting the optimum heat-processing temperature and for getting the maximum activities for medical usage of this herb. Methods: Therefore some experiments were performed either in vitro or in vivo and various changes were observed - the changes in the weitht of Artemisiae Herba, the changes in the relative amount of three kinds of extracts from Artemisiae Herba ( diluted ethanol extract, water extract, ether extract ), the TLC pattern of essential oil at various processing temperature, the existance of inhibitory effects both on ${\beta}$-Glucuronidase activities, and on heat-induced hemolysis, the effects on increased vascular permeability. The valid results derived from the experiments are as follows. Results: 1. The weight of Artemisiae Herba prominently decreased at 240^{\circ}C$. 2. The contents of diluted ether extract were maximum in the unprocessing condition. Those of water extract were maximum at 180^{\circ}C$ and at 210^{\circ}C$. and the changes of diluted ethanol extract at 150^{\circ}C$. 3. The TLC pattern of essential oil in Artemisiae Herba at various processing temperature showed that a component began to increase at Rf 0.56 and another component began to decrease at Rf 0.86. 4. The contents of Eupatilin in Artemisiae Herba at various processing temperature continued to decreased in proportion to the temperature rise, the extent of which was prominent at 210^{\circ}C$, and was unnoticeable at 270^{\circ}C$. 5. Inhibitory effects on ${\beta}$-Glucuronidase activities, trypsin activities and heat-induced hemolysis increased in proportion to the density of Artemisiae Herba. Inhibitory effects on ${\beta}$-Glucuronidase activities and trypsin activities were relatively high at 180^{\circ}C$ while on the writhing syndrome and inhibitory effects on increased vascular permeability induced by acetic acid were maximum at 240^{\circ}C$. those on heat-induced hemolysis were relatively high at 240^{\circ}C$. 6. In vivo, both analgesic effects Conclusions: To maximize of the effectiveness of Artemmisiae Herba, the ideal heating temperature is in the range of 180^{\circ}C{\sim}240^{\circ}C$.
FDG 사용 시 Dose Calibrator에 따른 SUV에 미치는 영향
박영재,방성애,이승민,김상언,고길만,이경재,이인원,Park, Young-Jae,Bang, Seong-Ae,Lee, Seung-Min,Kim, Sang-Un,Ko, Gil-Man,Lee, Kyung-Jae,Lee, In-Won 대한핵의학기술학회 2010 핵의학 기술 Vol.14 No.1
방사성핵종과 방사능을 측정하는 dose calibrator의 서로 다른 두개의 기기에서 F-18 FDG을 각각 측정하고, 이 측정값에 의한 인체 내 SUV (Standard Uptake Value)에 미치는 영향은 없는지에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 이 연구에서 두개의 다른 dose calibrator는 CRC-15 Dual PET, CRC-15R을 사용하였다. 각 dose calibrator에서 F-18 FDG를 2 mL 주사기 3개에 볼륨 1 mL, 2 mL, 3 mL를 만들어 각각 초기 radio activity를 측정한 후 4시간 30분(270분)까지 30분 간격으로 radio activity를 각각 측정하고 기록한다. 초기 radio activity 값을 기준으로 방사선붕괴 공식으로 산출된 값(decay factor)과 dose calibrator로 측정된 값 간의 직선성을 단순선형을 통하여 분석하였다. CRC-15 Dual PET에서 가장 이상적인 값에 가까운 측정값을 볼륨을 기준으로 하여, CRC-15R에서 측정된 값을 최적화하기 위한 선형회귀식을 회귀분석을 통하여 구한다. 선형회귀식의 산출값을 적용하여 PET/CT 검사를 시행한 50명을 대상으로 lung, liver, region 부위에 ROI을 그려 SUV를 구한다. CRC-15 Dual PET, CRC-15R에서 측정한 radio activity와 그 값을 이용한 SUV를 paired t-test로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. CRC-15 Dual PET과 CRC-15R에서 측정한 radio activity의 상관분석결과 1 mL의 경우 상관성을 보여주는 r값은 r=0.999이었으며, 회귀분석에 위한 선형식은 y=1.0345x+ 0.2601이었다. 2 mL의 경우 r=0.999이며, 선형회귀식은 y=1.0226x+0.1669이었다. 3 mL의 경우 r=0.999이며, 선형회귀식은 y=1.0094x+0.1577이었다. 각 세 가지 볼륨에서 얻어진 선형회귀식의 산출 값을 이용하여 구한 lung, liver, region 부위에 ROI의 SUV에서의 차이는 1 mL의 경우, lung, liver, region은 (p<0.0001)로 t-test 결과 모두 유의한 차이가 있었다. 2mL의 경우, lung (p<0.002), liver, region은 ROI의 SUV에서 유의한 차이(p<0.0001)를 보였다. 또한 3 mL의 경우, lung(p<0.044), liver, region의 유의한 차이(p<0.0001)가 있었다. F-18 FDG 검사에서 사용되는 두 개의 dose calibrator CRC-15 Dual PET, CRC-15R의 radioactivity에 대한 측정치에서는 상관관계의 차이가 없다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 이 두 값을 통해 SUV는 인체 내의 uptake 정도에 있어서는 유의한 차이를 보인다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 이 두개의 dose calibrator를 사용함에 있어서, 이 두 값이 인체 내 SUV의 차이를 고려하여 사용하여야 할 필요성이 요구된다. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure F-18 FDG with two different types of dose calibrator measuring radionuclide and radioactivity and investigate the effect of F-18 FDG on SUV (Standard Uptake Value) in human body. Materials and Methods: Two different dose calibrators used in this study are CRC-15 Dual PET (Capintec) and CRC-15R (Capintec). Inject 1 mL, 2 mL, 3 mL of F-18 FDG into three 2 mL syringes, respectively, and measure initial radioactivity from each dose calibrator. Then measure and record radioactivity at 30 minute interval for 270 minutes. According to the initial radioactivity, linearity between decay factor driven from radioactive decay formula and the values measured by dose calibrator have been analyzed by simple linear regression. Fine linear regression line optimizing values measured with CRC-15 through regression analysis on the basis of the volume of which the measured value is close to the most ideal one in CRC-15 Dual PET. Create ROI on lung, liver, and region part of 50 persons who has taken PET/CT test, applying values from linear regression equation, and find SUV. We have also performed paired t-test to examine statistically significant difference in the radioactivity measured with CRC-15 Dual PET, CRC-15R and its SUV. Results: Regression analysis of radioactivity measured with CRC-15 Dual PET and CRC-15R shows results as follows: in the case 1 mL, the r statistic representing correlation was 0.9999 and linear regression equation was y=1.0345x+0.2601; in 2 mL case, r=0.9999, linear regression equation y=1.0226x+0.1669; in 3 mL case, r=0.9999, linear regression equation y=1.0094x+0.1577. Based on the linear regression equation from each volume, t-test results show significant difference in SUV of ROI in lung, liver, region part in all three case. P-values in each case are as follows: in 1 mL case, lung, liver and region (p<0.0001); in 2 mL case, lung (p<0.002), liver and region (p<0.0001); in 3 mL case, lung (p<0.044), liver and region (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Radioactivity measured with CRC-15 Dual PET, CRC-15R, dose calibrator for F-18 FDG test, do not show difference correlation, while these values infer that SUV has significant differences in the aspect of uptake in human body. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the difference of SUV in human body when using these dose calibrator.
박재성 ( Jae-sung Park ),박영재 ( Young-jae Park ),민재영 ( Jae-young Min ),신용섭 ( Yong-sup Shin ),이상철 ( Sang-chul Lee ),박영배 ( Young-bae Park ),김민용 ( Min-yong Kim ) 대한한의진단학회 2007 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.11 No.1
Background and purpose: The purpose of this study is to search recognition patients in Eight constitution Oriental Medical Clinic. And we compare Eight constitution acupuncture methods with the another acupuncture methods. Methods: The subjects were comprised of 200 volunteers. In 3 Eight constitution Oriental Medical Clinic participants were chosen through questionnaire. Finishing answer participants put in their lacked name questionnaire to gathering box. DecisionTree (AnswerTree 3.0 Ver.) statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: As a result of the analysis of cognition to Eight constitution acupuncture methods was influenced to patients health, dietetic therapy is best influenced. Next influenced acupuncture reflex degree, age, job, constitution, cure periods, sex distinction, cure degree, diagnosed participant`s Constitution by pulse diagnosis in 8 Constitution Medicine.
민재영 ( Jae-young Min ),박영재 ( Young-jae Park ),박재성 ( Jae-sung Park ),신용섭 ( Yong-sup Shin ),박영배 ( Young-bae Park ),이상철 ( Sang-chul Lee ),김민용 ( Min-yong Kim ) 대한한의진단학회 2007 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.11 No.1
Objectives: The purpose of this research is to obtain basic data about the effects of Constitution-Acupuncture (CA) based on Eight-Constitution Medicine (ECM) by the expert CA Oriental Medical Doctors. Methods: The resources were collected from the internet survey method. 35 samples were collected. The SPSS 13.0 for windows and Answer Tree 3.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results from this research are as follow. 1. The motivation that apply ECM to clinic are `Because ECM is effective for diagnosis, treatment and prevention against disease` 48.6% and `Because CA therapy is effective` 25.7%. 2. The advantage that CA therapy compare to the other acupuncture therapy are `Management and prevention against disease are available by ECM theory to a person who exact constitution is confirmed` 82.9%, `CA therapy is superior in treatment of hard symptoms to treat by the other acupuncture therapy` 80%, `Treatment effect is good` 77.1%, `Needle manipulation of CA is simple comparatively` 57.1%, `It is definite whether treatment effect is good or not` 54.3% and CA therapy is superior all in diseases of twelve category. 3. When the effects of CA is good, patients expressed much `Eyesight lightened`, `Took deep sleep at night`, `Fatigue decreased`, `Body is light`, `Feelings became refreshing` as well as `Symptoms were improved` and also physicians confirmed as those reactions whether treatment is effective. Conclusions: The research suggest that CA is effective therapy in clinic, and so further study is needed for CA therapy.
한경숙 ( Kyung-sook Han ),남동현 ( Tong-hyun Nam ),신상훈 ( Sang-hoon Shin ),박영재 ( Young-jae Park ),박영배 ( Young-bae Park ) 대한한의진단학회 2007 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.11 No.2
Objectives: The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether the finger photople-thysmographic waveform of a healthy young man will become analogous to those of healthy old men when the photoplethysmographic harmonic components in the young man decrease. Methods and Results: The finger photoplethysgmoraphy was measured in 21 old men over the age of 60 years and a young men. We acquired the representative pulse waveform of old man by averaging the finger photoplethysmographic waveforms measured in the old men. after the photoplethysmographic harmonic components in the young man were diminished with notch filtering, we compared the representative pulse waveform of old man and the pulse waveforms of which the harmonic components decreased in the young man. The finger photoplethysmographic waveform of the young man became analogous to those of the old men as the photoplethysmographic harmonic components in the young man were diminished with notch filtering. Conclusions: Decrease of the second harmonic component may be a precondition of typical age-related change of the pulse waveform.
박영재 ( Park Young Jae ) 한국해법학회 2019 韓國海法學會誌 Vol.41 No.1
최근 해운경기의 악화 등으로 컨테이너 초과사용료를 둘러싼 분쟁이 증가하고 있으나, 관련 판례 법리가 확립되어 있지 않고 이에 대한 연구나 논문도 찾아보기 어려워 실무상 혼란이 계속되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 최근의 대상 판결을 통해, 우리 상법상 고유의 문제로서 컨테이너 초과사용료에 대한 단기제척기간(상법 제814조) 적용의 타당성을 검토하였다. 결론적으로 상법 제814조 소정의 단기제척기간은 컨테이너 초과사용료에 대해서는 적용되지 않는다고 보는 것이 타당하므로 이를 적용한 대상 판결의 결론은 재고되어야 하며, 이를 입법적으로 해결하여 해석상 논란의 여지를 없애야 할 것이다. 아울러 컨테이너 초과사용료의 인정범위와 관련하여 대상 판결과 최근에 내려진 영국 판결의 관련 법리를 비교·분석하여 구체적인 검토 기준을 제시해보고자 한다. Although we are seeing a rising number of disputes related to container demurrage in light of the deteriorating shipping industry in Korea, the Korean court has still not tackled the unsettled issues on the applicable time-bar and the extent of an acceptable range of container demurrage, and little research on the above issues have also been done, causing confusion in the shipping industry among practitioners. In this article, I intend to discuss whether it would be reasonable to apply the one year time-bar (under the Article 814 of Korean Commercial Code) to a claim related to container demurrage by reviewing recent Korean court case. As a conclusion, I would argue that the above Korean court case should be reconsidered since it would be reasonable to view that the short time-bar pursuant to Article 814 of the Korean Commercial Code would not apply to a claim related to container demurrage, and ultimately, the issue must be resolved by legislative measures. Further, I intend to present a standard of review on the recognizable scope of the container demurrage by analyzing and comparing the above Korean court cases and the English court’s decision rendered recently.